Specialized Metabolites from the Allelopathic Plant Retama raetam as Potential Biopesticides
To cope with the rising food demand, modern agriculture practices are based on the indiscriminate use of agrochemicals. Although this strategy leads to a temporary solution, it also severely damages the environment, representing a risk to human health. A sustainable alternative to agrochemicals is the use of plant metabolites and plant-based pesticides, known to have minimal environmental impact compared to synthetic pesticides. Retama raetam is a shrub growing in Algeria’s desert areas, where it is commonly used in traditional medicine because of its antiseptic and antipyretic properties. Furthermore, its allelopathic features can be exploited to effectively control phytopathogens in the agricultural field. In this study, six compounds belonging to isoflavones and flavones subgroups have been isolated from the R. raetam dichloromethane extract and identified using spectroscopic and optical methods as alpinumisoflavone, hydroxyalpinumisoflavone, laburnetin, licoflavone C, retamasin B, and ephedroidin. Their antifungal activity was evaluated against the fungal phytopathogen Stemphylium vesicarium using a growth inhibition bioassay on PDA plates. Interestingly, the flavonoid laburnetin, the most active metabolite, displayed an inhibitory activity comparable to that exerted by the synthetic fungicide pentachloronitrobenzene, in a ten-fold lower concentration. The allelopathic activity of R. raetam metabolites against parasitic weeds was also investigated using two independent parasitic weed bioassays to discover potential activities on either suicidal stimulation or radicle growth inhibition of broomrapes. In this latter bioassay, ephedroidin strongly inhibited the growth of Orobanche cumana radicles and, therefore, can be proposed as a natural herbicide.
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Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
2022-04-28
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Subjects: | Biocontrol, Retama raetam, Stemphylium vesicarium, Orobanche cumana, Laburnetin, Ephedroidin, |
Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/10261/271777 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004837 |
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dig-ias-es-10261-2717772022-06-07T09:50:04Z Specialized Metabolites from the Allelopathic Plant Retama raetam as Potential Biopesticides Soriano, Gabriele Petrillo, Claudia Masi, Marco Bouafiane, Mabrouka Khelil, Aminata Tuzi, Angela Isticato, Rachele Fernández-Aparicio, Mónica Cimmino, Alessio Istituto Nazionale Previdenza Sociale Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España) Biocontrol Retama raetam Stemphylium vesicarium Orobanche cumana Laburnetin Ephedroidin To cope with the rising food demand, modern agriculture practices are based on the indiscriminate use of agrochemicals. Although this strategy leads to a temporary solution, it also severely damages the environment, representing a risk to human health. A sustainable alternative to agrochemicals is the use of plant metabolites and plant-based pesticides, known to have minimal environmental impact compared to synthetic pesticides. Retama raetam is a shrub growing in Algeria’s desert areas, where it is commonly used in traditional medicine because of its antiseptic and antipyretic properties. Furthermore, its allelopathic features can be exploited to effectively control phytopathogens in the agricultural field. In this study, six compounds belonging to isoflavones and flavones subgroups have been isolated from the R. raetam dichloromethane extract and identified using spectroscopic and optical methods as alpinumisoflavone, hydroxyalpinumisoflavone, laburnetin, licoflavone C, retamasin B, and ephedroidin. Their antifungal activity was evaluated against the fungal phytopathogen Stemphylium vesicarium using a growth inhibition bioassay on PDA plates. Interestingly, the flavonoid laburnetin, the most active metabolite, displayed an inhibitory activity comparable to that exerted by the synthetic fungicide pentachloronitrobenzene, in a ten-fold lower concentration. The allelopathic activity of R. raetam metabolites against parasitic weeds was also investigated using two independent parasitic weed bioassays to discover potential activities on either suicidal stimulation or radicle growth inhibition of broomrapes. In this latter bioassay, ephedroidin strongly inhibited the growth of Orobanche cumana radicles and, therefore, can be proposed as a natural herbicide. Financial support is acknowledged to G.S. from a Ph.D. grant funded by INPS (Istituto Nazionale Previdenza Sociale), and to M.F.-A. from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (grants PID2020-114668RB-I00 and RYC-2015-18961). 2022-06-07T09:50:04Z 2022-06-07T09:50:04Z 2022-04-28 2022-06-07T09:50:04Z artículo doi: 10.3390/toxins14050311 e-issn: 2072-6651 Toxins 14(5): 311 (2022) http://hdl.handle.net/10261/271777 10.3390/toxins14050311 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004837 #PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE# #PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE# info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020/PID2020-114668RB-I00/ES/MEJORA DE GUISANTES Y ALMORTAS POR RESISTENCIA A ENFERMEDADES Y ADAPTACION A SECANOS MEDITERRANEOS/ info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MINECO//RYC-2015-18961/ES/RYC-2015-18961/ Publisher's version http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins14050311 Sí open Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
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Biocontrol Retama raetam Stemphylium vesicarium Orobanche cumana Laburnetin Ephedroidin Biocontrol Retama raetam Stemphylium vesicarium Orobanche cumana Laburnetin Ephedroidin |
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Biocontrol Retama raetam Stemphylium vesicarium Orobanche cumana Laburnetin Ephedroidin Biocontrol Retama raetam Stemphylium vesicarium Orobanche cumana Laburnetin Ephedroidin Soriano, Gabriele Petrillo, Claudia Masi, Marco Bouafiane, Mabrouka Khelil, Aminata Tuzi, Angela Isticato, Rachele Fernández-Aparicio, Mónica Cimmino, Alessio Specialized Metabolites from the Allelopathic Plant Retama raetam as Potential Biopesticides |
description |
To cope with the rising food demand, modern agriculture practices are based on the indiscriminate use of agrochemicals. Although this strategy leads to a temporary solution, it also severely damages the environment, representing a risk to human health. A sustainable alternative to agrochemicals is the use of plant metabolites and plant-based pesticides, known to have minimal environmental impact compared to synthetic pesticides. Retama raetam is a shrub growing in Algeria’s desert areas, where it is commonly used in traditional medicine because of its antiseptic and antipyretic properties. Furthermore, its allelopathic features can be exploited to effectively control phytopathogens in the agricultural field. In this study, six compounds belonging to isoflavones and flavones subgroups have been isolated from the R. raetam dichloromethane extract and identified using spectroscopic and optical methods as alpinumisoflavone, hydroxyalpinumisoflavone, laburnetin, licoflavone C, retamasin B, and ephedroidin. Their antifungal activity was evaluated against the fungal phytopathogen Stemphylium vesicarium using a growth inhibition bioassay on PDA plates. Interestingly, the flavonoid laburnetin, the most active metabolite, displayed an inhibitory activity comparable to that exerted by the synthetic fungicide pentachloronitrobenzene, in a ten-fold lower concentration. The allelopathic activity of R. raetam metabolites against parasitic weeds was also investigated using two independent parasitic weed bioassays to discover potential activities on either suicidal stimulation or radicle growth inhibition of broomrapes. In this latter bioassay, ephedroidin strongly inhibited the growth of Orobanche cumana radicles and, therefore, can be proposed as a natural herbicide. |
author2 |
Istituto Nazionale Previdenza Sociale |
author_facet |
Istituto Nazionale Previdenza Sociale Soriano, Gabriele Petrillo, Claudia Masi, Marco Bouafiane, Mabrouka Khelil, Aminata Tuzi, Angela Isticato, Rachele Fernández-Aparicio, Mónica Cimmino, Alessio |
format |
artículo |
topic_facet |
Biocontrol Retama raetam Stemphylium vesicarium Orobanche cumana Laburnetin Ephedroidin |
author |
Soriano, Gabriele Petrillo, Claudia Masi, Marco Bouafiane, Mabrouka Khelil, Aminata Tuzi, Angela Isticato, Rachele Fernández-Aparicio, Mónica Cimmino, Alessio |
author_sort |
Soriano, Gabriele |
title |
Specialized Metabolites from the Allelopathic Plant Retama raetam as Potential Biopesticides |
title_short |
Specialized Metabolites from the Allelopathic Plant Retama raetam as Potential Biopesticides |
title_full |
Specialized Metabolites from the Allelopathic Plant Retama raetam as Potential Biopesticides |
title_fullStr |
Specialized Metabolites from the Allelopathic Plant Retama raetam as Potential Biopesticides |
title_full_unstemmed |
Specialized Metabolites from the Allelopathic Plant Retama raetam as Potential Biopesticides |
title_sort |
specialized metabolites from the allelopathic plant retama raetam as potential biopesticides |
publisher |
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
publishDate |
2022-04-28 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10261/271777 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004837 |
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