Genetic structure and gene flow of the flea Xenopsylla cheopis in Madagascar and Mayotte
Background: The flea Xenopsylla cheopis (Siphonaptera: Pulicidae) is a vector of plague. Despite this insect's medical importance, especially in Madagascar where plague is endemic, little is known about the organization of its natural populations. We undertook population genetic analyses (i) to determine the spatial genetic structure of X. cheopis in Madagascar and (ii) to determine the potential risk of plague introduction in the neighboring island of Mayotte. Results: We genotyped 205 fleas from 12 sites using nine microsatellite markers. Madagascan populations of X. cheopis differed, with the mean number of alleles per locus per population ranging from 1.78 to 4.44 and with moderate to high levels of genetic differentiation between populations. Three distinct genetic clusters were identified, with different geographical distributions but with some apparent gene flow between both islands and within Malagasy regions. The approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) used to test the predominant direction of flea dispersal implied a recent population introduction from Mayotte to Madagascar, which was estimated to have occurred between 1993 and 2012. The impact of this flea introduction in terms of plague transmission in Madagascar is unclear, but the low level of flea exchange between the two islands seems to keep Mayotte free of plague for now. Conclusion: This study highlights the occurrence of genetic structure among populations of the flea vector of plague, X. cheopis, in Madagascar and suggests that a flea population from Mayotte has been introduced to Madagascar recently. As plague has not been reported in Mayotte, this introduction is unlikely to present a major concern for plague transmission. Nonetheless, evidence of connectivity among flea populations in the two islands indicates a possibility for dispersal by fleas in the opposite direction and thus a risk of plague introduction to Mayotte.
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L72 - Organismes nuisibles des animaux L73 - Maladies des animaux 000 - Autres thèmes Xenopsylla cheopis vecteur de maladie flux de gènes génétique des populations microsatellite marqueur génétique génotype variation génétique analyse du risque méthode statistique facteur de risque transmission des maladies Yersinia pestis maladie de l'homme maladie des animaux http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_30409 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8164 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_37331 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_34326 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_36574 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_24030 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3225 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_15975 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_37936 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7377 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_32668 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2329 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_26752 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_29198 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_426 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4510 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4665 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3081 L72 - Organismes nuisibles des animaux L73 - Maladies des animaux 000 - Autres thèmes Xenopsylla cheopis vecteur de maladie flux de gènes génétique des populations microsatellite marqueur génétique génotype variation génétique analyse du risque méthode statistique facteur de risque transmission des maladies Yersinia pestis maladie de l'homme maladie des animaux http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_30409 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8164 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_37331 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_34326 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_36574 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_24030 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3225 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_15975 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_37936 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7377 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_32668 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2329 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_26752 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_29198 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_426 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4510 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4665 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3081 |
spellingShingle |
L72 - Organismes nuisibles des animaux L73 - Maladies des animaux 000 - Autres thèmes Xenopsylla cheopis vecteur de maladie flux de gènes génétique des populations microsatellite marqueur génétique génotype variation génétique analyse du risque méthode statistique facteur de risque transmission des maladies Yersinia pestis maladie de l'homme maladie des animaux http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_30409 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8164 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_37331 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_34326 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_36574 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_24030 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3225 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_15975 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_37936 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7377 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_32668 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2329 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_26752 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_29198 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_426 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4510 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4665 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3081 L72 - Organismes nuisibles des animaux L73 - Maladies des animaux 000 - Autres thèmes Xenopsylla cheopis vecteur de maladie flux de gènes génétique des populations microsatellite marqueur génétique génotype variation génétique analyse du risque méthode statistique facteur de risque transmission des maladies Yersinia pestis maladie de l'homme maladie des animaux http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_30409 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8164 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_37331 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_34326 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_36574 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_24030 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3225 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_15975 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_37936 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7377 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_32668 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2329 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_26752 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_29198 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_426 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4510 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4665 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3081 Harimalala, Mireille Telfer, Sandra Delatte, Hélène Watts, Phillip C. Miarinjara, Adélaïde Ramihangihajason, Tojo Rindra Rahelinirina, Soanandrasana Rajerison, Minoarisoa Boyer, Sébastien Genetic structure and gene flow of the flea Xenopsylla cheopis in Madagascar and Mayotte |
description |
Background: The flea Xenopsylla cheopis (Siphonaptera: Pulicidae) is a vector of plague. Despite this insect's medical importance, especially in Madagascar where plague is endemic, little is known about the organization of its natural populations. We undertook population genetic analyses (i) to determine the spatial genetic structure of X. cheopis in Madagascar and (ii) to determine the potential risk of plague introduction in the neighboring island of Mayotte. Results: We genotyped 205 fleas from 12 sites using nine microsatellite markers. Madagascan populations of X. cheopis differed, with the mean number of alleles per locus per population ranging from 1.78 to 4.44 and with moderate to high levels of genetic differentiation between populations. Three distinct genetic clusters were identified, with different geographical distributions but with some apparent gene flow between both islands and within Malagasy regions. The approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) used to test the predominant direction of flea dispersal implied a recent population introduction from Mayotte to Madagascar, which was estimated to have occurred between 1993 and 2012. The impact of this flea introduction in terms of plague transmission in Madagascar is unclear, but the low level of flea exchange between the two islands seems to keep Mayotte free of plague for now. Conclusion: This study highlights the occurrence of genetic structure among populations of the flea vector of plague, X. cheopis, in Madagascar and suggests that a flea population from Mayotte has been introduced to Madagascar recently. As plague has not been reported in Mayotte, this introduction is unlikely to present a major concern for plague transmission. Nonetheless, evidence of connectivity among flea populations in the two islands indicates a possibility for dispersal by fleas in the opposite direction and thus a risk of plague introduction to Mayotte. |
format |
article |
topic_facet |
L72 - Organismes nuisibles des animaux L73 - Maladies des animaux 000 - Autres thèmes Xenopsylla cheopis vecteur de maladie flux de gènes génétique des populations microsatellite marqueur génétique génotype variation génétique analyse du risque méthode statistique facteur de risque transmission des maladies Yersinia pestis maladie de l'homme maladie des animaux http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_30409 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8164 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_37331 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_34326 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_36574 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_24030 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3225 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_15975 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_37936 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7377 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_32668 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2329 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_26752 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_29198 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_426 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4510 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4665 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3081 |
author |
Harimalala, Mireille Telfer, Sandra Delatte, Hélène Watts, Phillip C. Miarinjara, Adélaïde Ramihangihajason, Tojo Rindra Rahelinirina, Soanandrasana Rajerison, Minoarisoa Boyer, Sébastien |
author_facet |
Harimalala, Mireille Telfer, Sandra Delatte, Hélène Watts, Phillip C. Miarinjara, Adélaïde Ramihangihajason, Tojo Rindra Rahelinirina, Soanandrasana Rajerison, Minoarisoa Boyer, Sébastien |
author_sort |
Harimalala, Mireille |
title |
Genetic structure and gene flow of the flea Xenopsylla cheopis in Madagascar and Mayotte |
title_short |
Genetic structure and gene flow of the flea Xenopsylla cheopis in Madagascar and Mayotte |
title_full |
Genetic structure and gene flow of the flea Xenopsylla cheopis in Madagascar and Mayotte |
title_fullStr |
Genetic structure and gene flow of the flea Xenopsylla cheopis in Madagascar and Mayotte |
title_full_unstemmed |
Genetic structure and gene flow of the flea Xenopsylla cheopis in Madagascar and Mayotte |
title_sort |
genetic structure and gene flow of the flea xenopsylla cheopis in madagascar and mayotte |
url |
http://agritrop.cirad.fr/585107/ http://agritrop.cirad.fr/585107/1/585107.pdf |
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dig-cirad-fr-5851072024-01-29T00:27:21Z http://agritrop.cirad.fr/585107/ http://agritrop.cirad.fr/585107/ Genetic structure and gene flow of the flea Xenopsylla cheopis in Madagascar and Mayotte. Harimalala Mireille, Telfer Sandra, Delatte Hélène, Watts Phillip C., Miarinjara Adélaïde, Ramihangihajason Tojo Rindra, Rahelinirina Soanandrasana, Rajerison Minoarisoa, Boyer Sébastien. 2017. Parasites and Vectors, 10:347, 13 p.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-017-2290-6 <https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-017-2290-6> Genetic structure and gene flow of the flea Xenopsylla cheopis in Madagascar and Mayotte Harimalala, Mireille Telfer, Sandra Delatte, Hélène Watts, Phillip C. Miarinjara, Adélaïde Ramihangihajason, Tojo Rindra Rahelinirina, Soanandrasana Rajerison, Minoarisoa Boyer, Sébastien eng 2017 Parasites and Vectors L72 - Organismes nuisibles des animaux L73 - Maladies des animaux 000 - Autres thèmes Xenopsylla cheopis vecteur de maladie flux de gènes génétique des populations microsatellite marqueur génétique génotype variation génétique analyse du risque méthode statistique facteur de risque transmission des maladies Yersinia pestis maladie de l'homme maladie des animaux http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_30409 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8164 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_37331 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_34326 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_36574 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_24030 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3225 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_15975 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_37936 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7377 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_32668 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2329 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_26752 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_29198 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_426 Madagascar Mayotte France http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4510 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4665 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3081 Background: The flea Xenopsylla cheopis (Siphonaptera: Pulicidae) is a vector of plague. Despite this insect's medical importance, especially in Madagascar where plague is endemic, little is known about the organization of its natural populations. We undertook population genetic analyses (i) to determine the spatial genetic structure of X. cheopis in Madagascar and (ii) to determine the potential risk of plague introduction in the neighboring island of Mayotte. Results: We genotyped 205 fleas from 12 sites using nine microsatellite markers. Madagascan populations of X. cheopis differed, with the mean number of alleles per locus per population ranging from 1.78 to 4.44 and with moderate to high levels of genetic differentiation between populations. Three distinct genetic clusters were identified, with different geographical distributions but with some apparent gene flow between both islands and within Malagasy regions. The approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) used to test the predominant direction of flea dispersal implied a recent population introduction from Mayotte to Madagascar, which was estimated to have occurred between 1993 and 2012. The impact of this flea introduction in terms of plague transmission in Madagascar is unclear, but the low level of flea exchange between the two islands seems to keep Mayotte free of plague for now. Conclusion: This study highlights the occurrence of genetic structure among populations of the flea vector of plague, X. cheopis, in Madagascar and suggests that a flea population from Mayotte has been introduced to Madagascar recently. As plague has not been reported in Mayotte, this introduction is unlikely to present a major concern for plague transmission. Nonetheless, evidence of connectivity among flea populations in the two islands indicates a possibility for dispersal by fleas in the opposite direction and thus a risk of plague introduction to Mayotte. article info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal Article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion http://agritrop.cirad.fr/585107/1/585107.pdf text Cirad license info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://agritrop.cirad.fr/mention_legale.html https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-017-2290-6 10.1186/s13071-017-2290-6 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1186/s13071-017-2290-6 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/purl/https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-017-2290-6 info:eu-repo/semantics/dataset/purl/https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Additional_file_1_of_Genetic_structure_and_gene_flow_of_the_flea_Xenopsylla_cheopis_in_Madagascar_and_Mayotte/5230198 |