Liberation or anarchy? The Janus nature of groundwater use on North Africa's new irrigation frontiers
Two contrasting views prevail on groundwater use in situations of predominantly state-led irrigation development. The first considers "groundwater as liberation", i.e., how, by capturing the irrigation initiative, farmers liberated themselves from "state" water, enabling more intensive and productive agriculture. The second view – "groundwater as anarchy" – considers groundwater as a declining resource, overexploited by millions of individualistic farmers in the absence of effective groundwater governance with mounting inequalities in groundwater use. We analyse the Janus nature of groundwater in the expanding groundwater economy in Morocco, Algeria and Tunisia. Groundwater has redesigned irrigation frontiers, and caters to over 60 % of the total irrigated area, supplying more than 500,000 farms with irrigation water. However, more than half of the aquifers are overexploited, and typically only 40–50 % of farmers in a given area access groundwater. We conclude that groundwater use in North Africa cannot be qualified as anarchy, but rather as a negotiated disorder where the interests of farmers, the private sector, and the state, are continuously realigned. Groundwater "liberated" farmers only partially from "state" water, as the state has remained present in groundwater economies. Moreover, groundwater concerned a minority of farmers, who are often keen to get state support when facing resource depletion or harsh agricultural markets. Breaking the current conundrum will require creating space for change, by making visible the current and future effects of groundwater dynamics to local actors, and supporting the building of coalitions of actors towards a sustainable agricultural use of groundwater.
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Biblioteca del CIRAD Francia |
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P10 - Ressources en eau et leur gestion F06 - Irrigation E14 - Économie et politique du développement P01 - Conservation de la nature et ressources foncières gestion des eaux irrigation utilisation de l'eau eau souterraine eau d'irrigation ressource en eau approvisionnement en eau politique de l'eau conservation de l'eau épuisement des ressources privatisation collectivisation environnement socioéconomique http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8320 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3954 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_16065 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3391 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3958 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8325 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8328 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1385374640988 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8315 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_28017 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_34085 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1758 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_26824 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5218 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_259 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4940 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8007 P10 - Ressources en eau et leur gestion F06 - Irrigation E14 - Économie et politique du développement P01 - Conservation de la nature et ressources foncières gestion des eaux irrigation utilisation de l'eau eau souterraine eau d'irrigation ressource en eau approvisionnement en eau politique de l'eau conservation de l'eau épuisement des ressources privatisation collectivisation environnement socioéconomique http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8320 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3954 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_16065 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3391 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3958 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8325 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8328 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1385374640988 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8315 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_28017 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_34085 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1758 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_26824 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5218 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_259 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4940 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8007 |
spellingShingle |
P10 - Ressources en eau et leur gestion F06 - Irrigation E14 - Économie et politique du développement P01 - Conservation de la nature et ressources foncières gestion des eaux irrigation utilisation de l'eau eau souterraine eau d'irrigation ressource en eau approvisionnement en eau politique de l'eau conservation de l'eau épuisement des ressources privatisation collectivisation environnement socioéconomique http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8320 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3954 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_16065 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3391 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3958 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8325 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8328 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1385374640988 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8315 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_28017 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_34085 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1758 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_26824 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5218 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_259 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4940 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8007 P10 - Ressources en eau et leur gestion F06 - Irrigation E14 - Économie et politique du développement P01 - Conservation de la nature et ressources foncières gestion des eaux irrigation utilisation de l'eau eau souterraine eau d'irrigation ressource en eau approvisionnement en eau politique de l'eau conservation de l'eau épuisement des ressources privatisation collectivisation environnement socioéconomique http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8320 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3954 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_16065 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3391 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3958 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8325 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8328 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1385374640988 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8315 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_28017 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_34085 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1758 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_26824 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5218 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_259 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4940 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8007 Kuper, Marcel Faysse, Nicolas Hammani, Ali Hartani, Tarik Marlet, Serge Hamamouche, Meriem Farah Ameur, Fatah Liberation or anarchy? The Janus nature of groundwater use on North Africa's new irrigation frontiers |
description |
Two contrasting views prevail on groundwater use in situations of predominantly state-led irrigation development. The first considers "groundwater as liberation", i.e., how, by capturing the irrigation initiative, farmers liberated themselves from "state" water, enabling more intensive and productive agriculture. The second view – "groundwater as anarchy" – considers groundwater as a declining resource, overexploited by millions of individualistic farmers in the absence of effective groundwater governance with mounting inequalities in groundwater use. We analyse the Janus nature of groundwater in the expanding groundwater economy in Morocco, Algeria and Tunisia. Groundwater has redesigned irrigation frontiers, and caters to over 60 % of the total irrigated area, supplying more than 500,000 farms with irrigation water. However, more than half of the aquifers are overexploited, and typically only 40–50 % of farmers in a given area access groundwater. We conclude that groundwater use in North Africa cannot be qualified as anarchy, but rather as a negotiated disorder where the interests of farmers, the private sector, and the state, are continuously realigned. Groundwater "liberated" farmers only partially from "state" water, as the state has remained present in groundwater economies. Moreover, groundwater concerned a minority of farmers, who are often keen to get state support when facing resource depletion or harsh agricultural markets. Breaking the current conundrum will require creating space for change, by making visible the current and future effects of groundwater dynamics to local actors, and supporting the building of coalitions of actors towards a sustainable agricultural use of groundwater. |
format |
book_section |
topic_facet |
P10 - Ressources en eau et leur gestion F06 - Irrigation E14 - Économie et politique du développement P01 - Conservation de la nature et ressources foncières gestion des eaux irrigation utilisation de l'eau eau souterraine eau d'irrigation ressource en eau approvisionnement en eau politique de l'eau conservation de l'eau épuisement des ressources privatisation collectivisation environnement socioéconomique http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8320 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3954 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_16065 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3391 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3958 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8325 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8328 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1385374640988 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8315 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_28017 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_34085 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1758 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_26824 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5218 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_259 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4940 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8007 |
author |
Kuper, Marcel Faysse, Nicolas Hammani, Ali Hartani, Tarik Marlet, Serge Hamamouche, Meriem Farah Ameur, Fatah |
author_facet |
Kuper, Marcel Faysse, Nicolas Hammani, Ali Hartani, Tarik Marlet, Serge Hamamouche, Meriem Farah Ameur, Fatah |
author_sort |
Kuper, Marcel |
title |
Liberation or anarchy? The Janus nature of groundwater use on North Africa's new irrigation frontiers |
title_short |
Liberation or anarchy? The Janus nature of groundwater use on North Africa's new irrigation frontiers |
title_full |
Liberation or anarchy? The Janus nature of groundwater use on North Africa's new irrigation frontiers |
title_fullStr |
Liberation or anarchy? The Janus nature of groundwater use on North Africa's new irrigation frontiers |
title_full_unstemmed |
Liberation or anarchy? The Janus nature of groundwater use on North Africa's new irrigation frontiers |
title_sort |
liberation or anarchy? the janus nature of groundwater use on north africa's new irrigation frontiers |
publisher |
Springer International Publishing |
url |
http://agritrop.cirad.fr/581458/ http://agritrop.cirad.fr/581458/1/2016%20Liberation%20or%20anarchy%20Kuper%20et%20al.pdf |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT kupermarcel liberationoranarchythejanusnatureofgroundwateruseonnorthafricasnewirrigationfrontiers AT fayssenicolas liberationoranarchythejanusnatureofgroundwateruseonnorthafricasnewirrigationfrontiers AT hammaniali liberationoranarchythejanusnatureofgroundwateruseonnorthafricasnewirrigationfrontiers AT hartanitarik liberationoranarchythejanusnatureofgroundwateruseonnorthafricasnewirrigationfrontiers AT marletserge liberationoranarchythejanusnatureofgroundwateruseonnorthafricasnewirrigationfrontiers AT hamamouchemeriemfarah liberationoranarchythejanusnatureofgroundwateruseonnorthafricasnewirrigationfrontiers AT ameurfatah liberationoranarchythejanusnatureofgroundwateruseonnorthafricasnewirrigationfrontiers |
_version_ |
1792499103153782784 |
spelling |
dig-cirad-fr-5814582024-01-28T23:40:03Z http://agritrop.cirad.fr/581458/ http://agritrop.cirad.fr/581458/ Liberation or anarchy? The Janus nature of groundwater use on North Africa's new irrigation frontiers. Kuper Marcel, Faysse Nicolas, Hammani Ali, Hartani Tarik, Marlet Serge, Hamamouche Meriem Farah, Ameur Fatah. 2016. In : Integrated groundwater management: concepts, approaches and challenges. Jakeman, Anthony J. (ed.), Barreteau Olivier (ed.), Hunt Randall J. (ed.), Rinaudo Jean-Daniel (ed.), Ross Andrew (ed.). Cham : Springer International Publishing, 583-615. ISBN 978-3-319-23576-9https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-23576-9_23 <https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-23576-9_23> Liberation or anarchy? The Janus nature of groundwater use on North Africa's new irrigation frontiers Kuper, Marcel Faysse, Nicolas Hammani, Ali Hartani, Tarik Marlet, Serge Hamamouche, Meriem Farah Ameur, Fatah eng 2016 Springer International Publishing Integrated groundwater management: concepts, approaches and challenges P10 - Ressources en eau et leur gestion F06 - Irrigation E14 - Économie et politique du développement P01 - Conservation de la nature et ressources foncières gestion des eaux irrigation utilisation de l'eau eau souterraine eau d'irrigation ressource en eau approvisionnement en eau politique de l'eau conservation de l'eau épuisement des ressources privatisation collectivisation environnement socioéconomique http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8320 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3954 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_16065 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3391 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3958 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8325 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8328 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1385374640988 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8315 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_28017 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_34085 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1758 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_26824 Afrique du Nord Algérie Maroc Tunisie http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5218 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_259 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4940 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8007 Two contrasting views prevail on groundwater use in situations of predominantly state-led irrigation development. The first considers "groundwater as liberation", i.e., how, by capturing the irrigation initiative, farmers liberated themselves from "state" water, enabling more intensive and productive agriculture. The second view – "groundwater as anarchy" – considers groundwater as a declining resource, overexploited by millions of individualistic farmers in the absence of effective groundwater governance with mounting inequalities in groundwater use. We analyse the Janus nature of groundwater in the expanding groundwater economy in Morocco, Algeria and Tunisia. Groundwater has redesigned irrigation frontiers, and caters to over 60 % of the total irrigated area, supplying more than 500,000 farms with irrigation water. However, more than half of the aquifers are overexploited, and typically only 40–50 % of farmers in a given area access groundwater. We conclude that groundwater use in North Africa cannot be qualified as anarchy, but rather as a negotiated disorder where the interests of farmers, the private sector, and the state, are continuously realigned. Groundwater "liberated" farmers only partially from "state" water, as the state has remained present in groundwater economies. Moreover, groundwater concerned a minority of farmers, who are often keen to get state support when facing resource depletion or harsh agricultural markets. Breaking the current conundrum will require creating space for change, by making visible the current and future effects of groundwater dynamics to local actors, and supporting the building of coalitions of actors towards a sustainable agricultural use of groundwater. book_section info:eu-repo/semantics/bookPart Chapter info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion http://agritrop.cirad.fr/581458/1/2016%20Liberation%20or%20anarchy%20Kuper%20et%20al.pdf text Cirad license info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://agritrop.cirad.fr/mention_legale.html https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-23576-9_23 10.1007/978-3-319-23576-9_23 http://catalogue-bibliotheques.cirad.fr/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=218851 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1007/978-3-319-23576-9_23 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/purl/https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-23576-9_23 info:eu-repo/semantics/reference/purl/http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-23576-9_23 |