Mitigating the greenhouse gas balance of ruminant production systems through carbon sequestration in grasslands
Soil carbon sequestration (enhanced sinks) is the mechanism responsible for most of the greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation potential in the agriculture sector. Carbon sequestration in grasslands can be determined directly by measuring changes in soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks and indirectly by measuring the net balance of C fluxes. A literature search shows that grassland C sequestration reaches on average 5630 g C/m2 per year according to inventories of SOC stocks and 2231 and 77 g C/m2 per year for drained organic and mineral soils, respectively, according to C flux balance. Off-site C sequestration occurs whenever more manure C is produced by than returned to a grassland plot. The sum of on- and off-site C sequestration reaches 129, 98 and 71 g C/m2 per year for grazed, cut and mixed European grasslands on mineral soils, respectively, however with high uncertainty. A range of management practices reduce C losses and increase C sequestration: (i) avoiding soil tillage and the conversion of grasslands to arable use, (ii) moderately intensifying nutrient-poor permanent grasslands, (iii) using light grazing instead of heavy grazing, (iv) increasing the duration of grass leys; (v) converting grass leys to grass-legume mixtures or to permanent grasslands. With nine European sites, direct emissions of N2O from soil and of CH4 from enteric fermentation at grazing, expressed in CO2 equivalents, compensated 10% and 34% of the on-site grassland C sequestration, respectively. Digestion inside the barn of the harvested herbage leads to further emissions of CH4 and N2O by the production systems, which were estimated at 130 g CO2 equivalents/m2 per year. The net balance of on- and off-site C sequestration, CH4 and N2O emissions reached 38 g CO2 equivalents/m2 per year, indicating a non-significant net sink activity. This net balance was, however, negative for intensively managed cut sites indicating a source to the atmosphere. In conclusion, this review confirms that grassland C sequestration has a strong potential to partly mitigate the GHG balance of ruminant production systems. However, as soil C sequestration is both reversible and vulnerable to disturbance, biodiversity loss and climate change, CH4 and N2O emissions from the livestock sector need to be reduced and current SOC stocks preserved.
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P01 - Conservation de la nature et ressources foncières L01 - Élevage - Considérations générales P40 - Météorologie et climatologie P33 - Chimie et physique du sol atténuation des effets du changement climatique séquestration du carbone prairie gaz à effet de serre système d'élevage ruminant cycle du carbone matière organique du sol dioxyde de carbone oxyde nitreux méthane changement climatique élevage système de production http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1374571087594 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_331583 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_6154 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_34841 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_29461 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_6695 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_17299 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_35657 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1302 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_12838 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4784 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1666 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8532 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_a175b273 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2724 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5164 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1236 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8114 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1556 P01 - Conservation de la nature et ressources foncières L01 - Élevage - Considérations générales P40 - Météorologie et climatologie P33 - Chimie et physique du sol atténuation des effets du changement climatique séquestration du carbone prairie gaz à effet de serre système d'élevage ruminant cycle du carbone matière organique du sol dioxyde de carbone oxyde nitreux méthane changement climatique élevage système de production http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1374571087594 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_331583 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_6154 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_34841 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_29461 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_6695 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_17299 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_35657 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1302 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_12838 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4784 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1666 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8532 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_a175b273 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2724 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5164 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1236 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8114 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1556 |
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P01 - Conservation de la nature et ressources foncières L01 - Élevage - Considérations générales P40 - Météorologie et climatologie P33 - Chimie et physique du sol atténuation des effets du changement climatique séquestration du carbone prairie gaz à effet de serre système d'élevage ruminant cycle du carbone matière organique du sol dioxyde de carbone oxyde nitreux méthane changement climatique élevage système de production http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1374571087594 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_331583 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_6154 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_34841 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_29461 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_6695 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_17299 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_35657 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1302 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_12838 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4784 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1666 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8532 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_a175b273 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2724 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5164 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1236 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8114 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1556 P01 - Conservation de la nature et ressources foncières L01 - Élevage - Considérations générales P40 - Météorologie et climatologie P33 - Chimie et physique du sol atténuation des effets du changement climatique séquestration du carbone prairie gaz à effet de serre système d'élevage ruminant cycle du carbone matière organique du sol dioxyde de carbone oxyde nitreux méthane changement climatique élevage système de production http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1374571087594 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_331583 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_6154 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_34841 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_29461 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_6695 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_17299 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_35657 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1302 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_12838 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4784 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1666 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8532 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_a175b273 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2724 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5164 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1236 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8114 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1556 Soussana, Jean-François Tallec, T. Blanfort, Vincent Mitigating the greenhouse gas balance of ruminant production systems through carbon sequestration in grasslands |
description |
Soil carbon sequestration (enhanced sinks) is the mechanism responsible for most of the greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation potential in the agriculture sector. Carbon sequestration in grasslands can be determined directly by measuring changes in soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks and indirectly by measuring the net balance of C fluxes. A literature search shows that grassland C sequestration reaches on average 5630 g C/m2 per year according to inventories of SOC stocks and 2231 and 77 g C/m2 per year for drained organic and mineral soils, respectively, according to C flux balance. Off-site C sequestration occurs whenever more manure C is produced by than returned to a grassland plot. The sum of on- and off-site C sequestration reaches 129, 98 and 71 g C/m2 per year for grazed, cut and mixed European grasslands on mineral soils, respectively, however with high uncertainty. A range of management practices reduce C losses and increase C sequestration: (i) avoiding soil tillage and the conversion of grasslands to arable use, (ii) moderately intensifying nutrient-poor permanent grasslands, (iii) using light grazing instead of heavy grazing, (iv) increasing the duration of grass leys; (v) converting grass leys to grass-legume mixtures or to permanent grasslands. With nine European sites, direct emissions of N2O from soil and of CH4 from enteric fermentation at grazing, expressed in CO2 equivalents, compensated 10% and 34% of the on-site grassland C sequestration, respectively. Digestion inside the barn of the harvested herbage leads to further emissions of CH4 and N2O by the production systems, which were estimated at 130 g CO2 equivalents/m2 per year. The net balance of on- and off-site C sequestration, CH4 and N2O emissions reached 38 g CO2 equivalents/m2 per year, indicating a non-significant net sink activity. This net balance was, however, negative for intensively managed cut sites indicating a source to the atmosphere. In conclusion, this review confirms that grassland C sequestration has a strong potential to partly mitigate the GHG balance of ruminant production systems. However, as soil C sequestration is both reversible and vulnerable to disturbance, biodiversity loss and climate change, CH4 and N2O emissions from the livestock sector need to be reduced and current SOC stocks preserved. |
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article |
topic_facet |
P01 - Conservation de la nature et ressources foncières L01 - Élevage - Considérations générales P40 - Météorologie et climatologie P33 - Chimie et physique du sol atténuation des effets du changement climatique séquestration du carbone prairie gaz à effet de serre système d'élevage ruminant cycle du carbone matière organique du sol dioxyde de carbone oxyde nitreux méthane changement climatique élevage système de production http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1374571087594 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_331583 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_6154 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_34841 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_29461 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_6695 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_17299 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_35657 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1302 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_12838 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4784 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1666 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8532 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_a175b273 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2724 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5164 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1236 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8114 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1556 |
author |
Soussana, Jean-François Tallec, T. Blanfort, Vincent |
author_facet |
Soussana, Jean-François Tallec, T. Blanfort, Vincent |
author_sort |
Soussana, Jean-François |
title |
Mitigating the greenhouse gas balance of ruminant production systems through carbon sequestration in grasslands |
title_short |
Mitigating the greenhouse gas balance of ruminant production systems through carbon sequestration in grasslands |
title_full |
Mitigating the greenhouse gas balance of ruminant production systems through carbon sequestration in grasslands |
title_fullStr |
Mitigating the greenhouse gas balance of ruminant production systems through carbon sequestration in grasslands |
title_full_unstemmed |
Mitigating the greenhouse gas balance of ruminant production systems through carbon sequestration in grasslands |
title_sort |
mitigating the greenhouse gas balance of ruminant production systems through carbon sequestration in grasslands |
url |
http://agritrop.cirad.fr/569439/ http://agritrop.cirad.fr/569439/1/document_569439.pdf |
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_version_ |
1792498475102896128 |
spelling |
dig-cirad-fr-5694392024-01-28T21:27:46Z http://agritrop.cirad.fr/569439/ http://agritrop.cirad.fr/569439/ Mitigating the greenhouse gas balance of ruminant production systems through carbon sequestration in grasslands. Soussana Jean-François, Tallec T., Blanfort Vincent. 2010. Animal (Cambridge), 4 (3) : 334-350. Livestock and Global Climate Change Conference, Tunis, Tunisie, 17 Mai 2008/20 Mai 2008.https://doi.org/10.1017/S1751731109990784 <https://doi.org/10.1017/S1751731109990784> Mitigating the greenhouse gas balance of ruminant production systems through carbon sequestration in grasslands Soussana, Jean-François Tallec, T. Blanfort, Vincent eng 2010 Animal (Cambridge) P01 - Conservation de la nature et ressources foncières L01 - Élevage - Considérations générales P40 - Météorologie et climatologie P33 - Chimie et physique du sol atténuation des effets du changement climatique séquestration du carbone prairie gaz à effet de serre système d'élevage ruminant cycle du carbone matière organique du sol dioxyde de carbone oxyde nitreux méthane changement climatique élevage système de production http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1374571087594 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_331583 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_6154 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_34841 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_29461 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_6695 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_17299 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_35657 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1302 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_12838 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4784 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1666 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8532 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_a175b273 Europe Nouvelle-Zélande Canada États-Unis d'Amérique Chine http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2724 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5164 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1236 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8114 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1556 Soil carbon sequestration (enhanced sinks) is the mechanism responsible for most of the greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation potential in the agriculture sector. Carbon sequestration in grasslands can be determined directly by measuring changes in soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks and indirectly by measuring the net balance of C fluxes. A literature search shows that grassland C sequestration reaches on average 5630 g C/m2 per year according to inventories of SOC stocks and 2231 and 77 g C/m2 per year for drained organic and mineral soils, respectively, according to C flux balance. Off-site C sequestration occurs whenever more manure C is produced by than returned to a grassland plot. The sum of on- and off-site C sequestration reaches 129, 98 and 71 g C/m2 per year for grazed, cut and mixed European grasslands on mineral soils, respectively, however with high uncertainty. A range of management practices reduce C losses and increase C sequestration: (i) avoiding soil tillage and the conversion of grasslands to arable use, (ii) moderately intensifying nutrient-poor permanent grasslands, (iii) using light grazing instead of heavy grazing, (iv) increasing the duration of grass leys; (v) converting grass leys to grass-legume mixtures or to permanent grasslands. With nine European sites, direct emissions of N2O from soil and of CH4 from enteric fermentation at grazing, expressed in CO2 equivalents, compensated 10% and 34% of the on-site grassland C sequestration, respectively. Digestion inside the barn of the harvested herbage leads to further emissions of CH4 and N2O by the production systems, which were estimated at 130 g CO2 equivalents/m2 per year. The net balance of on- and off-site C sequestration, CH4 and N2O emissions reached 38 g CO2 equivalents/m2 per year, indicating a non-significant net sink activity. This net balance was, however, negative for intensively managed cut sites indicating a source to the atmosphere. In conclusion, this review confirms that grassland C sequestration has a strong potential to partly mitigate the GHG balance of ruminant production systems. However, as soil C sequestration is both reversible and vulnerable to disturbance, biodiversity loss and climate change, CH4 and N2O emissions from the livestock sector need to be reduced and current SOC stocks preserved. article info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal Article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion http://agritrop.cirad.fr/569439/1/document_569439.pdf application/pdf cc_by_nc_nd info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ https://doi.org/10.1017/S1751731109990784 10.1017/S1751731109990784 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1017/S1751731109990784 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/purl/https://doi.org/10.1017/S1751731109990784 |