Household level risk factors for Newcastle disease seropositivity and incidence in backyard chicken flocks in Eastern Shewa zone, Ethiopia

Cross-sectional studies were conducted to investigate potential risk factors for Newcastle disease (ND) virus seropositivity and incidence in household flocks of backyard chickens during September-October, 2009 and May 2010. Data were collected from 260 households in 52 villages in Adami Tulu JidoKombolcha and Ada'a Woredas using a structured questionnaire, along with serum samples. The seroprevalence and incidence of ND at the household level were estimated in various ways using serological results from the two surveys, combined with farmers' reports of ND. The risk factors were tested using multivariable mixed-effects logistic regression models. In the first survey, reduced frequency of cleaning of poultry waste was associated with increased odds of seropositivity (OR=4.78; 95% CI: 1.42, 16.11; P=0.01) while hatching at home was associated with lower odds of seropositivity (OR=0.3; 95% CI 0.11, 0.82; P=0.02). In the second survey, hatching at home again reduced the odds of seropositivity (OR=0.23; 95% CI 0.10; 0.52; P<0.001), as did larger flock size at the time of sampling (OR=0.28; 95% CI: 0.11, 0.67; P=0.004). However, the risk of ND incidence was shown to be higher with larger flock size at the beginning of observation period (OR=3.6; 95% CI: 1.25, 10.39; P=0.02). Using an open water source (pond/river) for poultry compared to closed sources (tap/ borehole) also increased risk (OR=3.14; 95% CI: 1.12, 8.8; P=0.03). In the fourth model lower risk of ND incidence in a household flock was associated with use of a grain supplement (OR=0.14; 95% CI: 0.03, 0.69; P=0.03) and hatching at home (OR=0.23; 95% CI: 0.10, 0.52; P=0.005). (Texte intégral)

Bibliographic Details

Main Authors:	Chaka, Hassen, Goutard, Flavie, Bisschop, Shahn, Thompson, Peter
Format:	conference_item biblioteca
Language:	eng
Published:	Wageningen Academic Publishers
Subjects:	L73 - Maladies des animaux,
Online Access:	http://agritrop.cirad.fr/567708/ http://agritrop.cirad.fr/567708/1/document_567708.pdf
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