Soil aggregation and total diversity of bacteria and fungi in various tillage systems of sub-humid and semi-arid Kenya
Stable soil aggregates and high microbial diversity are essential for efficient nutrient recycling in soil. This study evaluated effects of different arable land-use systems on soil aggregation and associated composition and total diversity of bacteria and fungi. For this purpose, 5- and 3-year-old field trials were selected, two in sub-humid (orthic Acrisols and oxidic Ferralsols) and one in semi-arid (chromic Cambisol) region in Kenya. The treatments included combinations of tillage (conventional tillage [CT] and reduced tillage [RT]), crop residue management (0 and 2 t ha?1 maize stover) and cropping systems (continuous maize, maize-soybean intercropping and rotation) in the sub-humid sites, and of different tillage (CT, no-till and tied-ridging) and organic fertilization management (manure and crop residue) in semi-arid Kenya. The innovativeness of this study is the research in tropical soils where the concept of aggregate hierarchy is not generally accepted yet. The results showed that aggregate mean weight diameter (MWD) at 0-15 cm depths had increased from 19 to 34% under RT relative to CT management (P < 0.05). Crop residue additions also significantly increased MWD by 22% at the top 5 cm (P < 0.01) compared to treatments without residue in oxidic Ferralsols. At all the three sites, tillage resulted in greatest shifts of bacterial and fungal community composition, while cropping system had largest positive effect on the total microbial diversity indices. Total microbial diversity indices as well as MWD were higher in soybean-maize intercropping systems than under rotation or continuous maize cropping. Changes in total bacterial diversity related inversely to changes in the amount of free silt + clay, while fungal diversity related inversely to the contents of soil macro-aggregates >2 mm (P < 0.05). We conclude that RT plus supply of organic resources and intercropping are best strategies to increase total diversity of soil bacteria and fungi and improve soil structure in these tropical soils.
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F08 - Systèmes et modes de culture P35 - Fertilité du sol P34 - Biologie du sol Q70 - Traitement des déchets agricoles structure du sol sol tropical système de culture résidu de récolte culture intercalaire unité structurale du sol biodiversité fertilité du sol micro-organisme du sol Bacteria champignon du sol Zea mays Glycine max zone subhumide zone semi-aride http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7196 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7978 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1971 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_16118 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3910 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7195 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_33949 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7170 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_36167 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_765 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_33550 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8504 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3301 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_16099 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_6963 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4086 F08 - Systèmes et modes de culture P35 - Fertilité du sol P34 - Biologie du sol Q70 - Traitement des déchets agricoles structure du sol sol tropical système de culture résidu de récolte culture intercalaire unité structurale du sol biodiversité fertilité du sol micro-organisme du sol Bacteria champignon du sol Zea mays Glycine max zone subhumide zone semi-aride http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7196 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7978 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1971 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_16118 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3910 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7195 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_33949 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7170 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_36167 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_765 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_33550 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8504 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3301 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_16099 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_6963 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4086 |
spellingShingle |
F08 - Systèmes et modes de culture P35 - Fertilité du sol P34 - Biologie du sol Q70 - Traitement des déchets agricoles structure du sol sol tropical système de culture résidu de récolte culture intercalaire unité structurale du sol biodiversité fertilité du sol micro-organisme du sol Bacteria champignon du sol Zea mays Glycine max zone subhumide zone semi-aride http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7196 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7978 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1971 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_16118 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3910 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7195 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_33949 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7170 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_36167 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_765 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_33550 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8504 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3301 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_16099 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_6963 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4086 F08 - Systèmes et modes de culture P35 - Fertilité du sol P34 - Biologie du sol Q70 - Traitement des déchets agricoles structure du sol sol tropical système de culture résidu de récolte culture intercalaire unité structurale du sol biodiversité fertilité du sol micro-organisme du sol Bacteria champignon du sol Zea mays Glycine max zone subhumide zone semi-aride http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7196 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7978 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1971 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_16118 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3910 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7195 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_33949 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7170 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_36167 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_765 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_33550 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8504 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3301 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_16099 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_6963 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4086 Kihara, Job Martius, Christopher Bationo, André Thuita, Moses Lesueur, Didier Herrmann, Laetitia Amelung, W. Vlek, Paul L.G. Soil aggregation and total diversity of bacteria and fungi in various tillage systems of sub-humid and semi-arid Kenya |
description |
Stable soil aggregates and high microbial diversity are essential for efficient nutrient recycling in soil. This study evaluated effects of different arable land-use systems on soil aggregation and associated composition and total diversity of bacteria and fungi. For this purpose, 5- and 3-year-old field trials were selected, two in sub-humid (orthic Acrisols and oxidic Ferralsols) and one in semi-arid (chromic Cambisol) region in Kenya. The treatments included combinations of tillage (conventional tillage [CT] and reduced tillage [RT]), crop residue management (0 and 2 t ha?1 maize stover) and cropping systems (continuous maize, maize-soybean intercropping and rotation) in the sub-humid sites, and of different tillage (CT, no-till and tied-ridging) and organic fertilization management (manure and crop residue) in semi-arid Kenya. The innovativeness of this study is the research in tropical soils where the concept of aggregate hierarchy is not generally accepted yet. The results showed that aggregate mean weight diameter (MWD) at 0-15 cm depths had increased from 19 to 34% under RT relative to CT management (P < 0.05). Crop residue additions also significantly increased MWD by 22% at the top 5 cm (P < 0.01) compared to treatments without residue in oxidic Ferralsols. At all the three sites, tillage resulted in greatest shifts of bacterial and fungal community composition, while cropping system had largest positive effect on the total microbial diversity indices. Total microbial diversity indices as well as MWD were higher in soybean-maize intercropping systems than under rotation or continuous maize cropping. Changes in total bacterial diversity related inversely to changes in the amount of free silt + clay, while fungal diversity related inversely to the contents of soil macro-aggregates >2 mm (P < 0.05). We conclude that RT plus supply of organic resources and intercropping are best strategies to increase total diversity of soil bacteria and fungi and improve soil structure in these tropical soils. |
format |
article |
topic_facet |
F08 - Systèmes et modes de culture P35 - Fertilité du sol P34 - Biologie du sol Q70 - Traitement des déchets agricoles structure du sol sol tropical système de culture résidu de récolte culture intercalaire unité structurale du sol biodiversité fertilité du sol micro-organisme du sol Bacteria champignon du sol Zea mays Glycine max zone subhumide zone semi-aride http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7196 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7978 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1971 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_16118 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3910 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7195 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_33949 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7170 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_36167 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_765 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_33550 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8504 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3301 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_16099 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_6963 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4086 |
author |
Kihara, Job Martius, Christopher Bationo, André Thuita, Moses Lesueur, Didier Herrmann, Laetitia Amelung, W. Vlek, Paul L.G. |
author_facet |
Kihara, Job Martius, Christopher Bationo, André Thuita, Moses Lesueur, Didier Herrmann, Laetitia Amelung, W. Vlek, Paul L.G. |
author_sort |
Kihara, Job |
title |
Soil aggregation and total diversity of bacteria and fungi in various tillage systems of sub-humid and semi-arid Kenya |
title_short |
Soil aggregation and total diversity of bacteria and fungi in various tillage systems of sub-humid and semi-arid Kenya |
title_full |
Soil aggregation and total diversity of bacteria and fungi in various tillage systems of sub-humid and semi-arid Kenya |
title_fullStr |
Soil aggregation and total diversity of bacteria and fungi in various tillage systems of sub-humid and semi-arid Kenya |
title_full_unstemmed |
Soil aggregation and total diversity of bacteria and fungi in various tillage systems of sub-humid and semi-arid Kenya |
title_sort |
soil aggregation and total diversity of bacteria and fungi in various tillage systems of sub-humid and semi-arid kenya |
url |
http://agritrop.cirad.fr/564090/ http://agritrop.cirad.fr/564090/1/document_564090.pdf |
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dig-cirad-fr-5640902024-01-28T20:23:52Z http://agritrop.cirad.fr/564090/ http://agritrop.cirad.fr/564090/ Soil aggregation and total diversity of bacteria and fungi in various tillage systems of sub-humid and semi-arid Kenya. Kihara Job, Martius Christopher, Bationo André, Thuita Moses, Lesueur Didier, Herrmann Laetitia, Amelung W., Vlek Paul L.G.. 2012. Applied Soil Ecology, 58 (1) : 12-20.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2012.03.004 <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2012.03.004> Soil aggregation and total diversity of bacteria and fungi in various tillage systems of sub-humid and semi-arid Kenya Kihara, Job Martius, Christopher Bationo, André Thuita, Moses Lesueur, Didier Herrmann, Laetitia Amelung, W. Vlek, Paul L.G. eng 2012 Applied Soil Ecology F08 - Systèmes et modes de culture P35 - Fertilité du sol P34 - Biologie du sol Q70 - Traitement des déchets agricoles structure du sol sol tropical système de culture résidu de récolte culture intercalaire unité structurale du sol biodiversité fertilité du sol micro-organisme du sol Bacteria champignon du sol Zea mays Glycine max zone subhumide zone semi-aride http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7196 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7978 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1971 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_16118 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3910 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7195 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_33949 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7170 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_36167 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_765 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_33550 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8504 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3301 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_16099 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_6963 Kenya http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4086 Stable soil aggregates and high microbial diversity are essential for efficient nutrient recycling in soil. This study evaluated effects of different arable land-use systems on soil aggregation and associated composition and total diversity of bacteria and fungi. For this purpose, 5- and 3-year-old field trials were selected, two in sub-humid (orthic Acrisols and oxidic Ferralsols) and one in semi-arid (chromic Cambisol) region in Kenya. The treatments included combinations of tillage (conventional tillage [CT] and reduced tillage [RT]), crop residue management (0 and 2 t ha?1 maize stover) and cropping systems (continuous maize, maize-soybean intercropping and rotation) in the sub-humid sites, and of different tillage (CT, no-till and tied-ridging) and organic fertilization management (manure and crop residue) in semi-arid Kenya. The innovativeness of this study is the research in tropical soils where the concept of aggregate hierarchy is not generally accepted yet. The results showed that aggregate mean weight diameter (MWD) at 0-15 cm depths had increased from 19 to 34% under RT relative to CT management (P < 0.05). Crop residue additions also significantly increased MWD by 22% at the top 5 cm (P < 0.01) compared to treatments without residue in oxidic Ferralsols. At all the three sites, tillage resulted in greatest shifts of bacterial and fungal community composition, while cropping system had largest positive effect on the total microbial diversity indices. Total microbial diversity indices as well as MWD were higher in soybean-maize intercropping systems than under rotation or continuous maize cropping. Changes in total bacterial diversity related inversely to changes in the amount of free silt + clay, while fungal diversity related inversely to the contents of soil macro-aggregates >2 mm (P < 0.05). We conclude that RT plus supply of organic resources and intercropping are best strategies to increase total diversity of soil bacteria and fungi and improve soil structure in these tropical soils. article info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal Article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion http://agritrop.cirad.fr/564090/1/document_564090.pdf application/pdf Cirad license info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess https://agritrop.cirad.fr/mention_legale.html https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2012.03.004 10.1016/j.apsoil.2012.03.004 http://catalogue-bibliotheques.cirad.fr/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=214376 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1016/j.apsoil.2012.03.004 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/purl/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2012.03.004 |