Genetic diversity and structure of farm and GenBank accessions of cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) in Cameroon revealed by microsatellite markers
The genetic diversity of 400 accessions collected in cacao farms, 95 GenBank, and 31 reference accessions was analyzed using the 12 microsatellite markers. The GenBank and reference accessions were subdivided into 12 accession groups (AG) that belong to the traditional cacao genetic groups (GG) Lower Amazon Forastero (LA), Upper Amazon Forastero (UA), Trinitario, and Criollo (Cr). The 12-microsatellite loci revealed a total of 125 alleles, 113 of which were present in the farm accession group (FA). The within and between group variation for all AGs accounted respectively for 81% and 19% of the total molecular variation. The average Fis for the FAwas 0.15 suggesting a moderate level of inbreeding. Significant differences for the level of gene diversity were found between the farm (0.50), GenBank (0.42 to 0.62), and reference (0.10 to 0.60) AGs. Genetic differentiation among AGs was variable with Fst values varying between 0.14 and 0.57 for the different AGs. Analysis using a Bayesian model-based method showed the existence of a high level of admixture for the farm accessions group. The LA genes were most represented in the FA (54%), followed by UA (33%) and Cr (7%). The genes of LAwere also the most represented in the GenBank (48%), followed by UA (24%) and Cr (14%). Only 14% and 6% of the genes of the GenBank and farm accessions, respectively, could not be attributed to any of the reference GGs. The results suggest the predominating presence of LA genes in the Cameroon farm accessions and a high level of admixture, with apparent presence of genes of more than three GGs in most accessions. The traditional Trinitario types appear to have almost disappeared from farmers fields. The admixture must be the result of hybridization and recombination of these genes from the different GGs in seed gardens and in farmers¿ fields. The use of selected farm accessions will depend on the GG that it belongs to and also on their level of heterozygosity. Further implications of the results for breeding and for introduction of new germplasm into the Cameroon GenBank are discussed.
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Subjects: | F30 - Génétique et amélioration des plantes, Theobroma cacao, microsatellite, marqueur génétique, variation génétique, collection de matériel génétique, variété indigène, génétique des populations, amélioration des plantes, population végétale, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7713, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_36574, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_24030, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_15975, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_36739, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_32886, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_34326, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5956, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5975, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1229, |
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dig-cirad-fr-5499012024-01-28T17:14:57Z http://agritrop.cirad.fr/549901/ http://agritrop.cirad.fr/549901/ Genetic diversity and structure of farm and GenBank accessions of cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) in Cameroon revealed by microsatellite markers. Efombagn Mousseni Ives Bruno, Motamayor Juan Carlos, Sounigo Olivier, Eskes Albertus, Nyassé Salomon, Cilas Christian, et al.. 2008. Tree Genetics and Genomes, 4 (4) : 821-831.https://doi.org/10.1007/s11295-008-0155-z <https://doi.org/10.1007/s11295-008-0155-z> Genetic diversity and structure of farm and GenBank accessions of cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) in Cameroon revealed by microsatellite markers Efombagn, Mousseni Ives Bruno Motamayor, Juan Carlos Sounigo, Olivier Eskes, Albertus Nyassé, Salomon Cilas, Christian et al., eng 2008 Tree Genetics and Genomes F30 - Génétique et amélioration des plantes Theobroma cacao microsatellite marqueur génétique variation génétique collection de matériel génétique variété indigène génétique des populations amélioration des plantes population végétale http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7713 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_36574 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_24030 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_15975 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_36739 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_32886 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_34326 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5956 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5975 Cameroun http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1229 The genetic diversity of 400 accessions collected in cacao farms, 95 GenBank, and 31 reference accessions was analyzed using the 12 microsatellite markers. The GenBank and reference accessions were subdivided into 12 accession groups (AG) that belong to the traditional cacao genetic groups (GG) Lower Amazon Forastero (LA), Upper Amazon Forastero (UA), Trinitario, and Criollo (Cr). The 12-microsatellite loci revealed a total of 125 alleles, 113 of which were present in the farm accession group (FA). The within and between group variation for all AGs accounted respectively for 81% and 19% of the total molecular variation. The average Fis for the FAwas 0.15 suggesting a moderate level of inbreeding. Significant differences for the level of gene diversity were found between the farm (0.50), GenBank (0.42 to 0.62), and reference (0.10 to 0.60) AGs. Genetic differentiation among AGs was variable with Fst values varying between 0.14 and 0.57 for the different AGs. Analysis using a Bayesian model-based method showed the existence of a high level of admixture for the farm accessions group. The LA genes were most represented in the FA (54%), followed by UA (33%) and Cr (7%). The genes of LAwere also the most represented in the GenBank (48%), followed by UA (24%) and Cr (14%). Only 14% and 6% of the genes of the GenBank and farm accessions, respectively, could not be attributed to any of the reference GGs. The results suggest the predominating presence of LA genes in the Cameroon farm accessions and a high level of admixture, with apparent presence of genes of more than three GGs in most accessions. The traditional Trinitario types appear to have almost disappeared from farmers fields. The admixture must be the result of hybridization and recombination of these genes from the different GGs in seed gardens and in farmers¿ fields. The use of selected farm accessions will depend on the GG that it belongs to and also on their level of heterozygosity. Further implications of the results for breeding and for introduction of new germplasm into the Cameroon GenBank are discussed. article info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal Article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion http://agritrop.cirad.fr/549901/1/document_549901.pdf application/pdf Cirad license info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess https://agritrop.cirad.fr/mention_legale.html https://doi.org/10.1007/s11295-008-0155-z 10.1007/s11295-008-0155-z info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1007/s11295-008-0155-z info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/purl/https://doi.org/10.1007/s11295-008-0155-z |
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F30 - Génétique et amélioration des plantes Theobroma cacao microsatellite marqueur génétique variation génétique collection de matériel génétique variété indigène génétique des populations amélioration des plantes population végétale http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7713 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_36574 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_24030 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_15975 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_36739 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_32886 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_34326 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5956 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5975 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1229 F30 - Génétique et amélioration des plantes Theobroma cacao microsatellite marqueur génétique variation génétique collection de matériel génétique variété indigène génétique des populations amélioration des plantes population végétale http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7713 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_36574 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_24030 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_15975 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_36739 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_32886 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_34326 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5956 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5975 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1229 |
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F30 - Génétique et amélioration des plantes Theobroma cacao microsatellite marqueur génétique variation génétique collection de matériel génétique variété indigène génétique des populations amélioration des plantes population végétale http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7713 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_36574 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_24030 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_15975 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_36739 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_32886 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_34326 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5956 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5975 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1229 F30 - Génétique et amélioration des plantes Theobroma cacao microsatellite marqueur génétique variation génétique collection de matériel génétique variété indigène génétique des populations amélioration des plantes population végétale http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7713 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_36574 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_24030 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_15975 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_36739 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_32886 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_34326 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5956 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5975 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1229 Efombagn, Mousseni Ives Bruno Motamayor, Juan Carlos Sounigo, Olivier Eskes, Albertus Nyassé, Salomon Cilas, Christian et al., Genetic diversity and structure of farm and GenBank accessions of cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) in Cameroon revealed by microsatellite markers |
description |
The genetic diversity of 400 accessions collected in cacao farms, 95 GenBank, and 31 reference accessions was analyzed using the 12 microsatellite markers. The GenBank and reference accessions were subdivided into 12 accession groups (AG) that belong to the traditional cacao genetic groups (GG) Lower Amazon Forastero (LA), Upper Amazon Forastero (UA), Trinitario, and Criollo (Cr). The 12-microsatellite loci revealed a total of 125 alleles, 113 of which were present in the farm accession group (FA). The within and between group variation for all AGs accounted respectively for 81% and 19% of the total molecular variation. The average Fis for the FAwas 0.15 suggesting a moderate level of inbreeding. Significant differences for the level of gene diversity were found between the farm (0.50), GenBank (0.42 to 0.62), and reference (0.10 to 0.60) AGs. Genetic differentiation among AGs was variable with Fst values varying between 0.14 and 0.57 for the different AGs. Analysis using a Bayesian model-based method showed the existence of a high level of admixture for the farm accessions group. The LA genes were most represented in the FA (54%), followed by UA (33%) and Cr (7%). The genes of LAwere also the most represented in the GenBank (48%), followed by UA (24%) and Cr (14%). Only 14% and 6% of the genes of the GenBank and farm accessions, respectively, could not be attributed to any of the reference GGs. The results suggest the predominating presence of LA genes in the Cameroon farm accessions and a high level of admixture, with apparent presence of genes of more than three GGs in most accessions. The traditional Trinitario types appear to have almost disappeared from farmers fields. The admixture must be the result of hybridization and recombination of these genes from the different GGs in seed gardens and in farmers¿ fields. The use of selected farm accessions will depend on the GG that it belongs to and also on their level of heterozygosity. Further implications of the results for breeding and for introduction of new germplasm into the Cameroon GenBank are discussed. |
format |
article |
topic_facet |
F30 - Génétique et amélioration des plantes Theobroma cacao microsatellite marqueur génétique variation génétique collection de matériel génétique variété indigène génétique des populations amélioration des plantes population végétale http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7713 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_36574 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_24030 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_15975 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_36739 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_32886 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_34326 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5956 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5975 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1229 |
author |
Efombagn, Mousseni Ives Bruno Motamayor, Juan Carlos Sounigo, Olivier Eskes, Albertus Nyassé, Salomon Cilas, Christian et al., |
author_facet |
Efombagn, Mousseni Ives Bruno Motamayor, Juan Carlos Sounigo, Olivier Eskes, Albertus Nyassé, Salomon Cilas, Christian et al., |
author_sort |
Efombagn, Mousseni Ives Bruno |
title |
Genetic diversity and structure of farm and GenBank accessions of cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) in Cameroon revealed by microsatellite markers |
title_short |
Genetic diversity and structure of farm and GenBank accessions of cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) in Cameroon revealed by microsatellite markers |
title_full |
Genetic diversity and structure of farm and GenBank accessions of cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) in Cameroon revealed by microsatellite markers |
title_fullStr |
Genetic diversity and structure of farm and GenBank accessions of cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) in Cameroon revealed by microsatellite markers |
title_full_unstemmed |
Genetic diversity and structure of farm and GenBank accessions of cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) in Cameroon revealed by microsatellite markers |
title_sort |
genetic diversity and structure of farm and genbank accessions of cacao (theobroma cacao l.) in cameroon revealed by microsatellite markers |
url |
http://agritrop.cirad.fr/549901/ http://agritrop.cirad.fr/549901/1/document_549901.pdf |
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