Systems diagnoses at field, farm and watershed levels in diversifying upland agroecosystems: towards comprehensive solutions to farmers' problems
In mainland Southeast Asia, the increasing population pressure on montane agroecosystems, their growing integration into the market economies and the impact of national environmental protection policies are provoking rapid transformations in highland farmers' strategies and practices evolving from slash and burn to more intensive, diverse production systems. In such a context, most of the attempts at transferring standard recommended technologies are facing very low rates of adoption. These variable and heterogeneous environments provide opportunities for using holistic systems approaches to address the whole complexity of agricultural development issues. To boost the prospects of significant impact, however, the farmer must be put at the centre of a development-oriented research process. Diagnostic tools at field, farm and watershed levels are used to understand the rapidly increasing diversity of farmers' circumstances, the rationale of farmers' practices and strategies, and key dynamics at work. Such information must be integrated in the research agenda to design improved production systems preserving the resource base while increasing land and labour productivity. At farmers' field level, we use the on-farm agronomic experiment-survey procedure to inventory farmers' techniques, explain their practices and assess their impact on crop function and its environment. In actual farmers' conditions, limiting factors of yields are ranked, yield modelling is carried out, and hypotheses for new cropping systems are derived. At the farming system level, the diversity of farmers' objectives and strategies is analysed and their functioning summarized diagrammatically. Similar farming systems are grouped into a typology and trajectories of evolution displaying the process of accumulation/elimination on the farms along various pathways. Based on results obtained at the two previous scales, the analysis of land-use dynamics at the watershed level spatially distributes the diversity of situations and the extent of dominating trends, and points to the conflict areas. Risky practices regarding land degradation are mapped and the potential impact of improved cropping systems can also be generated at this scale. Illustrations from a case study of diversifying upland rice-based farming systems in montane upper northern Thailand are provided to demonstrate how these on-farm research tools can be articulated into an integrated systems research approach producing fine-tuned and well-targeted innovations. Their role in helping the needed institutional change in these less-favoured ecosystems is also underlined.
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Kluwer Academic Publishers
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Subjects: | E90 - Structure agraire, Oryza sativa, région d'altitude, méthode, structure agricole, système d'exploitation agricole, classification, système de culture, enquête, plante pérenne, culture de rapport, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5438, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3614, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4788, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_202, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2807, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1653, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1971, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7537, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5696, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1359, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7701, |
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E90 - Structure agraire Oryza sativa région d'altitude méthode structure agricole système d'exploitation agricole classification système de culture enquête plante pérenne culture de rapport http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5438 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3614 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4788 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_202 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2807 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1653 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1971 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7537 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5696 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1359 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7701 E90 - Structure agraire Oryza sativa région d'altitude méthode structure agricole système d'exploitation agricole classification système de culture enquête plante pérenne culture de rapport http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5438 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3614 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4788 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_202 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2807 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1653 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1971 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7537 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5696 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1359 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7701 |
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E90 - Structure agraire Oryza sativa région d'altitude méthode structure agricole système d'exploitation agricole classification système de culture enquête plante pérenne culture de rapport http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5438 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3614 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4788 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_202 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2807 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1653 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1971 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7537 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5696 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1359 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7701 E90 - Structure agraire Oryza sativa région d'altitude méthode structure agricole système d'exploitation agricole classification système de culture enquête plante pérenne culture de rapport http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5438 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3614 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4788 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_202 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2807 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1653 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1971 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7537 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5696 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1359 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7701 Trébuil, Guy Kam, Suan Pheng Turkelboom, Francis Shinawatra, B. Systems diagnoses at field, farm and watershed levels in diversifying upland agroecosystems: towards comprehensive solutions to farmers' problems |
description |
In mainland Southeast Asia, the increasing population pressure on montane agroecosystems, their growing integration into the market economies and the impact of national environmental protection policies are provoking rapid transformations in highland farmers' strategies and practices evolving from slash and burn to more intensive, diverse production systems. In such a context, most of the attempts at transferring standard recommended technologies are facing very low rates of adoption. These variable and heterogeneous environments provide opportunities for using holistic systems approaches to address the whole complexity of agricultural development issues. To boost the prospects of significant impact, however, the farmer must be put at the centre of a development-oriented research process. Diagnostic tools at field, farm and watershed levels are used to understand the rapidly increasing diversity of farmers' circumstances, the rationale of farmers' practices and strategies, and key dynamics at work. Such information must be integrated in the research agenda to design improved production systems preserving the resource base while increasing land and labour productivity. At farmers' field level, we use the on-farm agronomic experiment-survey procedure to inventory farmers' techniques, explain their practices and assess their impact on crop function and its environment. In actual farmers' conditions, limiting factors of yields are ranked, yield modelling is carried out, and hypotheses for new cropping systems are derived. At the farming system level, the diversity of farmers' objectives and strategies is analysed and their functioning summarized diagrammatically. Similar farming systems are grouped into a typology and trajectories of evolution displaying the process of accumulation/elimination on the farms along various pathways. Based on results obtained at the two previous scales, the analysis of land-use dynamics at the watershed level spatially distributes the diversity of situations and the extent of dominating trends, and points to the conflict areas. Risky practices regarding land degradation are mapped and the potential impact of improved cropping systems can also be generated at this scale. Illustrations from a case study of diversifying upland rice-based farming systems in montane upper northern Thailand are provided to demonstrate how these on-farm research tools can be articulated into an integrated systems research approach producing fine-tuned and well-targeted innovations. Their role in helping the needed institutional change in these less-favoured ecosystems is also underlined. |
format |
conference_item |
topic_facet |
E90 - Structure agraire Oryza sativa région d'altitude méthode structure agricole système d'exploitation agricole classification système de culture enquête plante pérenne culture de rapport http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5438 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3614 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4788 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_202 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2807 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1653 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1971 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7537 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5696 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1359 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7701 |
author |
Trébuil, Guy Kam, Suan Pheng Turkelboom, Francis Shinawatra, B. |
author_facet |
Trébuil, Guy Kam, Suan Pheng Turkelboom, Francis Shinawatra, B. |
author_sort |
Trébuil, Guy |
title |
Systems diagnoses at field, farm and watershed levels in diversifying upland agroecosystems: towards comprehensive solutions to farmers' problems |
title_short |
Systems diagnoses at field, farm and watershed levels in diversifying upland agroecosystems: towards comprehensive solutions to farmers' problems |
title_full |
Systems diagnoses at field, farm and watershed levels in diversifying upland agroecosystems: towards comprehensive solutions to farmers' problems |
title_fullStr |
Systems diagnoses at field, farm and watershed levels in diversifying upland agroecosystems: towards comprehensive solutions to farmers' problems |
title_full_unstemmed |
Systems diagnoses at field, farm and watershed levels in diversifying upland agroecosystems: towards comprehensive solutions to farmers' problems |
title_sort |
systems diagnoses at field, farm and watershed levels in diversifying upland agroecosystems: towards comprehensive solutions to farmers' problems |
publisher |
Kluwer Academic Publishers |
url |
http://agritrop.cirad.fr/464518/ http://agritrop.cirad.fr/464518/7/ID464518.pdf |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT trebuilguy systemsdiagnosesatfieldfarmandwatershedlevelsindiversifyinguplandagroecosystemstowardscomprehensivesolutionstofarmersproblems AT kamsuanpheng systemsdiagnosesatfieldfarmandwatershedlevelsindiversifyinguplandagroecosystemstowardscomprehensivesolutionstofarmersproblems AT turkelboomfrancis systemsdiagnosesatfieldfarmandwatershedlevelsindiversifyinguplandagroecosystemstowardscomprehensivesolutionstofarmersproblems AT shinawatrab systemsdiagnosesatfieldfarmandwatershedlevelsindiversifyinguplandagroecosystemstowardscomprehensivesolutionstofarmersproblems |
_version_ |
1792494247170015232 |
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dig-cirad-fr-4645182024-01-28T06:50:22Z http://agritrop.cirad.fr/464518/ http://agritrop.cirad.fr/464518/ Systems diagnoses at field, farm and watershed levels in diversifying upland agroecosystems: towards comprehensive solutions to farmers' problems. Trébuil Guy, Kam Suan Pheng, Turkelboom Francis, Shinawatra B.. 1997. In : Applications of systems approaches at the farm and regional levels. Vol. 1. Teng P.S. (ed.), Kropff M.J. (ed.), Ten Berge H.F.M. (ed.), Dent J.B. (ed.), Lansigan F.P. (ed.), Van Laar H.V. (ed.). IRRI. Dordrecht : Kluwer Academic Publishers, 99-114. ISBN 0-7923-4285-2 International Symposium on Systems Approaches for Agricultural Development. 2, Los Banos, Philippines, 6 Décembre 1995/8 Décembre 1995. Systems diagnoses at field, farm and watershed levels in diversifying upland agroecosystems: towards comprehensive solutions to farmers' problems Trébuil, Guy Kam, Suan Pheng Turkelboom, Francis Shinawatra, B. eng 1997 Kluwer Academic Publishers Applications of systems approaches at the farm and regional levels. Vol. 1 E90 - Structure agraire Oryza sativa région d'altitude méthode structure agricole système d'exploitation agricole classification système de culture enquête plante pérenne culture de rapport http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5438 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3614 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4788 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_202 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2807 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1653 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1971 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7537 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5696 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1359 Thaïlande http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7701 In mainland Southeast Asia, the increasing population pressure on montane agroecosystems, their growing integration into the market economies and the impact of national environmental protection policies are provoking rapid transformations in highland farmers' strategies and practices evolving from slash and burn to more intensive, diverse production systems. In such a context, most of the attempts at transferring standard recommended technologies are facing very low rates of adoption. These variable and heterogeneous environments provide opportunities for using holistic systems approaches to address the whole complexity of agricultural development issues. To boost the prospects of significant impact, however, the farmer must be put at the centre of a development-oriented research process. Diagnostic tools at field, farm and watershed levels are used to understand the rapidly increasing diversity of farmers' circumstances, the rationale of farmers' practices and strategies, and key dynamics at work. Such information must be integrated in the research agenda to design improved production systems preserving the resource base while increasing land and labour productivity. At farmers' field level, we use the on-farm agronomic experiment-survey procedure to inventory farmers' techniques, explain their practices and assess their impact on crop function and its environment. In actual farmers' conditions, limiting factors of yields are ranked, yield modelling is carried out, and hypotheses for new cropping systems are derived. At the farming system level, the diversity of farmers' objectives and strategies is analysed and their functioning summarized diagrammatically. Similar farming systems are grouped into a typology and trajectories of evolution displaying the process of accumulation/elimination on the farms along various pathways. Based on results obtained at the two previous scales, the analysis of land-use dynamics at the watershed level spatially distributes the diversity of situations and the extent of dominating trends, and points to the conflict areas. Risky practices regarding land degradation are mapped and the potential impact of improved cropping systems can also be generated at this scale. Illustrations from a case study of diversifying upland rice-based farming systems in montane upper northern Thailand are provided to demonstrate how these on-farm research tools can be articulated into an integrated systems research approach producing fine-tuned and well-targeted innovations. Their role in helping the needed institutional change in these less-favoured ecosystems is also underlined. conference_item info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject Conference info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion http://agritrop.cirad.fr/464518/7/ID464518.pdf text Cirad license info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess https://agritrop.cirad.fr/mention_legale.html http://catalogue-bibliotheques.cirad.fr/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=12414 |