Carbon sequestration potential, challenges, and strategies towards climate action in smallholder agricultural systems of South Asia
South Asia is a global hotspot for climate change with enormous pressure on land and water resources for feeding the burgeoning population. The agricultural production systems are highly vulnerable in the region and is primarily dominated by small and marginal farmers with intensive farming practices that had favored the loss of carbon (C) from soil. This review discusses the potential of soil and crop management practices such as minimum/reduced/no-tillage, use of organic manure, balanced and integrated plant nutrient application, precision land levelling, precision water and pest management, residue management, and cropping system optimization to maintain the C-equilibrium between soil and atmosphere and to enhance the C-sequestration in the long run. Results of meta-analysis show a potential 36% increase in soil organic C stock in the top 0–15 cm layer in this region which amounts to ∼18 Mg C stocks ha−1. Improved management practices across crops and environment may reduce methane em0ission by 12% resulting in an 8% reduction in global warming potential (GWP), while non-submerged condition led to a 51% GWP reduction in rice. Conservation agriculture and precision fertilization also reduced GWP by 11 and 14%, respectively. Although several innovative climate resilient technologies having significant potential for C-sequestration have been developed, there is an urgent need for their scaling and accelerated adoption to increase soil C-sequestration. Policies and programs need to be devised for incentivizing farmers to adopt more C-neutral or C-positive agricultural practices. The national governments and other agencies should work towards C farming together with global initiatives such as the “4 per 1000” Initiative and Global Soil Partnership, and regional public-private partnership initiatives on carbon credits for Regenerative Agriculture such as by Grow Indigo-CIMMYT-ICAR in India, in addition to research and policy changes. This will be vital for the success of soil C sequestration towards climate action in South Asia.
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Elsevier
2022
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Subjects: | AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY, Carbon Stock, Global Warming Potential, BALANCED FERTILIZATION, CARBON SEQUESTRATION, CONSERVATION AGRICULTURE, GLOBAL WARMING, Sustainable Intensification, |
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dig-cimmyt-10883-224092024-01-26T20:52:20Z Carbon sequestration potential, challenges, and strategies towards climate action in smallholder agricultural systems of South Asia Jat, M.L. Chakraborty, D. Ladha, J.K. Parihar, C.M. Datta, A. Mandal, B. Nayak, H. Maity, P. Dharamvir Singh Rana Chaudhari, S.K. Gerard, B. AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY Carbon Stock Global Warming Potential BALANCED FERTILIZATION CARBON SEQUESTRATION CONSERVATION AGRICULTURE GLOBAL WARMING Sustainable Intensification South Asia is a global hotspot for climate change with enormous pressure on land and water resources for feeding the burgeoning population. The agricultural production systems are highly vulnerable in the region and is primarily dominated by small and marginal farmers with intensive farming practices that had favored the loss of carbon (C) from soil. This review discusses the potential of soil and crop management practices such as minimum/reduced/no-tillage, use of organic manure, balanced and integrated plant nutrient application, precision land levelling, precision water and pest management, residue management, and cropping system optimization to maintain the C-equilibrium between soil and atmosphere and to enhance the C-sequestration in the long run. Results of meta-analysis show a potential 36% increase in soil organic C stock in the top 0–15 cm layer in this region which amounts to ∼18 Mg C stocks ha−1. Improved management practices across crops and environment may reduce methane em0ission by 12% resulting in an 8% reduction in global warming potential (GWP), while non-submerged condition led to a 51% GWP reduction in rice. Conservation agriculture and precision fertilization also reduced GWP by 11 and 14%, respectively. Although several innovative climate resilient technologies having significant potential for C-sequestration have been developed, there is an urgent need for their scaling and accelerated adoption to increase soil C-sequestration. Policies and programs need to be devised for incentivizing farmers to adopt more C-neutral or C-positive agricultural practices. The national governments and other agencies should work towards C farming together with global initiatives such as the “4 per 1000” Initiative and Global Soil Partnership, and regional public-private partnership initiatives on carbon credits for Regenerative Agriculture such as by Grow Indigo-CIMMYT-ICAR in India, in addition to research and policy changes. This will be vital for the success of soil C sequestration towards climate action in South Asia. 86-101 2023-01-14T01:25:13Z 2023-01-14T01:25:13Z 2022 Article Published Version https://hdl.handle.net/10883/22409 10.1016/j.crope.2022.03.005 English Nutrition, health & food security Transforming Agrifood Systems in South Asia Resilient Agrifood Systems Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) Government of India CGIAR Research Program on Wheat CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS) https://hdl.handle.net/10568/127488 CIMMYT manages Intellectual Assets as International Public Goods. The user is free to download, print, store and share this work. In case you want to translate or create any other derivative work and share or distribute such translation/derivative work, please contact CIMMYT-Knowledge-Center@cgiar.org indicating the work you want to use and the kind of use you intend; CIMMYT will contact you with the suitable license for that purpose Open Access South Asia China Elsevier 1 1 2773-126X Crop and Environment |
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AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY Carbon Stock Global Warming Potential BALANCED FERTILIZATION CARBON SEQUESTRATION CONSERVATION AGRICULTURE GLOBAL WARMING Sustainable Intensification AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY Carbon Stock Global Warming Potential BALANCED FERTILIZATION CARBON SEQUESTRATION CONSERVATION AGRICULTURE GLOBAL WARMING Sustainable Intensification |
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AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY Carbon Stock Global Warming Potential BALANCED FERTILIZATION CARBON SEQUESTRATION CONSERVATION AGRICULTURE GLOBAL WARMING Sustainable Intensification AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY Carbon Stock Global Warming Potential BALANCED FERTILIZATION CARBON SEQUESTRATION CONSERVATION AGRICULTURE GLOBAL WARMING Sustainable Intensification Jat, M.L. Chakraborty, D. Ladha, J.K. Parihar, C.M. Datta, A. Mandal, B. Nayak, H. Maity, P. Dharamvir Singh Rana Chaudhari, S.K. Gerard, B. Carbon sequestration potential, challenges, and strategies towards climate action in smallholder agricultural systems of South Asia |
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South Asia is a global hotspot for climate change with enormous pressure on land and water resources for feeding the burgeoning population. The agricultural production systems are highly vulnerable in the region and is primarily dominated by small and marginal farmers with intensive farming practices that had favored the loss of carbon (C) from soil. This review discusses the potential of soil and crop management practices such as minimum/reduced/no-tillage, use of organic manure, balanced and integrated plant nutrient application, precision land levelling, precision water and pest management, residue management, and cropping system optimization to maintain the C-equilibrium between soil and atmosphere and to enhance the C-sequestration in the long run. Results of meta-analysis show a potential 36% increase in soil organic C stock in the top 0–15 cm layer in this region which amounts to ∼18 Mg C stocks ha−1. Improved management practices across crops and environment may reduce methane em0ission by 12% resulting in an 8% reduction in global warming potential (GWP), while non-submerged condition led to a 51% GWP reduction in rice. Conservation agriculture and precision fertilization also reduced GWP by 11 and 14%, respectively. Although several innovative climate resilient technologies having significant potential for C-sequestration have been developed, there is an urgent need for their scaling and accelerated adoption to increase soil C-sequestration. Policies and programs need to be devised for incentivizing farmers to adopt more C-neutral or C-positive agricultural practices. The national governments and other agencies should work towards C farming together with global initiatives such as the “4 per 1000” Initiative and Global Soil Partnership, and regional public-private partnership initiatives on carbon credits for Regenerative Agriculture such as by Grow Indigo-CIMMYT-ICAR in India, in addition to research and policy changes. This will be vital for the success of soil C sequestration towards climate action in South Asia. |
format |
Article |
topic_facet |
AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY Carbon Stock Global Warming Potential BALANCED FERTILIZATION CARBON SEQUESTRATION CONSERVATION AGRICULTURE GLOBAL WARMING Sustainable Intensification |
author |
Jat, M.L. Chakraborty, D. Ladha, J.K. Parihar, C.M. Datta, A. Mandal, B. Nayak, H. Maity, P. Dharamvir Singh Rana Chaudhari, S.K. Gerard, B. |
author_facet |
Jat, M.L. Chakraborty, D. Ladha, J.K. Parihar, C.M. Datta, A. Mandal, B. Nayak, H. Maity, P. Dharamvir Singh Rana Chaudhari, S.K. Gerard, B. |
author_sort |
Jat, M.L. |
title |
Carbon sequestration potential, challenges, and strategies towards climate action in smallholder agricultural systems of South Asia |
title_short |
Carbon sequestration potential, challenges, and strategies towards climate action in smallholder agricultural systems of South Asia |
title_full |
Carbon sequestration potential, challenges, and strategies towards climate action in smallholder agricultural systems of South Asia |
title_fullStr |
Carbon sequestration potential, challenges, and strategies towards climate action in smallholder agricultural systems of South Asia |
title_full_unstemmed |
Carbon sequestration potential, challenges, and strategies towards climate action in smallholder agricultural systems of South Asia |
title_sort |
carbon sequestration potential, challenges, and strategies towards climate action in smallholder agricultural systems of south asia |
publisher |
Elsevier |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/10883/22409 |
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