Impact of conservation tillage in rice–based cropping systems on soil aggregation, carbon pools and nutrients
Tillage intensive cropping practices have deteriorated soil physical quality and decreased soil organic carbon (SOC) levels in rice–growing areas of South Asia. Consequently, crop productivity has declined over the years demonstrating the need for sustainable alternatives. Given that, a field experiment was conducted for six years to assess the impact of four tillage based crop establishment treatments [puddled transplant rice followed by conventional tillage in wheat/maize (CTTPR–CT), non–puddled transplant rice followed by zero–tillage in wheat/maize (NPTPR–ZT), zero–till transplant rice followed by zero–tillage in wheat/maize (ZTTPR–ZT), zero–tillage direct seeded rice followed by zero–tillage in wheat/maize (ZTDSR–ZT)], two residue management treatments [residue removal, residue retention (~33%)], and two cropping systems [rice–wheat, rice–maize] on soil aggregation, carbon pools, nutrient availability, and crop productivity. After six years of rotation, in top 0.2 m soil depth, zero–till crop establishment treatments (ZTTPR–ZT and ZTDSR–ZT) had higher (p < 0.05) total organic carbon (TOC) over conventional tillage treatment (CTTPR–CT). Zero–till crop establishment treatments increased very–labile C faction (Cfrac1) by 21% followed by labile fraction (Cfrac2) (16%), non–labile fraction (Cfrac4) (13%) and less–labile fraction (Cfrac3) (7%). Notably, higher passive C–pool in conservation tillage practices over CTTPR–CT suggests that conservation tillage could stabilize the recalcitrant form of carbon that persists longer in the soil. Meantime, zero–till crop establishment treatments had higher (p < 0.05) water stable macro–aggregates, macro–aggregates: micro–aggregates ratio and aggregate carbon content over CTTPR–CT. The treatment NPTPR–ZT significantly increased soil quality parameters over CTTPR–CT. However, the effect was not as prominent as that of ZTTPR–ZT and ZTDSR–ZT. Retention of crop residue increased (p < 0.05) TOC (12%) and soil available nutrients mainly available–P (16%), followed by available–K (12%), DTPA–extractable Zn (11%), and available–S (6%) over residue removal treatment. The constructive changes in soil properties following conservation tillage and crop residue retention led to increased crop productivity over conventional CTTPR–CT. Therefore, conservation tillage (particularly ZTTPR–ZT and ZTDSR–ZT) and crop residue retention could be recommended in tropical rice–based cropping systems for improving soil quality and production sustainability.
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Subjects: | AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY, Carbon Fractions, Carbon Stabilization, Grain Yield, Soil Aggregate, Soil Available Nutrients, Zero-till Direct Seeded Rice, RICE, ZERO TILLAGE, DIRECT SOWING, SOIL ORGANIC CARBON, TOTAL CARBON, SOIL STRUCTURAL UNITS, SOIL FERTILITY, NUTRIENT AVAILABILITY, |
Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/10883/20084 |
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dig-cimmyt-10883-200842023-11-14T16:33:46Z Impact of conservation tillage in rice–based cropping systems on soil aggregation, carbon pools and nutrients Rajiv Nandan Vikram Singh Sati Shankar Singh Kumar, V. Kali Krishna Hazra Chaitanya Prasad Nath Poonia, S.P. Malik, R. Bhattacharyya, R. McDonald, A. AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY Carbon Fractions Carbon Stabilization Grain Yield Soil Aggregate Soil Available Nutrients Zero-till Direct Seeded Rice RICE ZERO TILLAGE DIRECT SOWING SOIL ORGANIC CARBON TOTAL CARBON SOIL STRUCTURAL UNITS SOIL FERTILITY NUTRIENT AVAILABILITY Tillage intensive cropping practices have deteriorated soil physical quality and decreased soil organic carbon (SOC) levels in rice–growing areas of South Asia. Consequently, crop productivity has declined over the years demonstrating the need for sustainable alternatives. Given that, a field experiment was conducted for six years to assess the impact of four tillage based crop establishment treatments [puddled transplant rice followed by conventional tillage in wheat/maize (CTTPR–CT), non–puddled transplant rice followed by zero–tillage in wheat/maize (NPTPR–ZT), zero–till transplant rice followed by zero–tillage in wheat/maize (ZTTPR–ZT), zero–tillage direct seeded rice followed by zero–tillage in wheat/maize (ZTDSR–ZT)], two residue management treatments [residue removal, residue retention (~33%)], and two cropping systems [rice–wheat, rice–maize] on soil aggregation, carbon pools, nutrient availability, and crop productivity. After six years of rotation, in top 0.2 m soil depth, zero–till crop establishment treatments (ZTTPR–ZT and ZTDSR–ZT) had higher (p < 0.05) total organic carbon (TOC) over conventional tillage treatment (CTTPR–CT). Zero–till crop establishment treatments increased very–labile C faction (Cfrac1) by 21% followed by labile fraction (Cfrac2) (16%), non–labile fraction (Cfrac4) (13%) and less–labile fraction (Cfrac3) (7%). Notably, higher passive C–pool in conservation tillage practices over CTTPR–CT suggests that conservation tillage could stabilize the recalcitrant form of carbon that persists longer in the soil. Meantime, zero–till crop establishment treatments had higher (p < 0.05) water stable macro–aggregates, macro–aggregates: micro–aggregates ratio and aggregate carbon content over CTTPR–CT. The treatment NPTPR–ZT significantly increased soil quality parameters over CTTPR–CT. However, the effect was not as prominent as that of ZTTPR–ZT and ZTDSR–ZT. Retention of crop residue increased (p < 0.05) TOC (12%) and soil available nutrients mainly available–P (16%), followed by available–K (12%), DTPA–extractable Zn (11%), and available–S (6%) over residue removal treatment. The constructive changes in soil properties following conservation tillage and crop residue retention led to increased crop productivity over conventional CTTPR–CT. Therefore, conservation tillage (particularly ZTTPR–ZT and ZTDSR–ZT) and crop residue retention could be recommended in tropical rice–based cropping systems for improving soil quality and production sustainability. 104-114 2019-03-16T01:25:11Z 2019-03-16T01:25:11Z 2019 Article Published Version ISSN: 0016-7061 ESSN: 1872-6259 https://hdl.handle.net/10883/20084 10.1016/j.geoderma.2019.01.001 English https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0016706118309212-mmc1.docx CIMMYT manages Intellectual Assets as International Public Goods. The user is free to download, print, store and share this work. In case you want to translate or create any other derivative work and share or distribute such translation/derivative work, please contact CIMMYT-Knowledge-Center@cgiar.org indicating the work you want to use and the kind of use you intend; CIMMYT will contact you with the suitable license for that purpose. Open Access PDF Netherlands Elsevier 340 Geoderma |
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AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY Carbon Fractions Carbon Stabilization Grain Yield Soil Aggregate Soil Available Nutrients Zero-till Direct Seeded Rice RICE ZERO TILLAGE DIRECT SOWING SOIL ORGANIC CARBON TOTAL CARBON SOIL STRUCTURAL UNITS SOIL FERTILITY NUTRIENT AVAILABILITY AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY Carbon Fractions Carbon Stabilization Grain Yield Soil Aggregate Soil Available Nutrients Zero-till Direct Seeded Rice RICE ZERO TILLAGE DIRECT SOWING SOIL ORGANIC CARBON TOTAL CARBON SOIL STRUCTURAL UNITS SOIL FERTILITY NUTRIENT AVAILABILITY |
spellingShingle |
AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY Carbon Fractions Carbon Stabilization Grain Yield Soil Aggregate Soil Available Nutrients Zero-till Direct Seeded Rice RICE ZERO TILLAGE DIRECT SOWING SOIL ORGANIC CARBON TOTAL CARBON SOIL STRUCTURAL UNITS SOIL FERTILITY NUTRIENT AVAILABILITY AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY Carbon Fractions Carbon Stabilization Grain Yield Soil Aggregate Soil Available Nutrients Zero-till Direct Seeded Rice RICE ZERO TILLAGE DIRECT SOWING SOIL ORGANIC CARBON TOTAL CARBON SOIL STRUCTURAL UNITS SOIL FERTILITY NUTRIENT AVAILABILITY Rajiv Nandan Vikram Singh Sati Shankar Singh Kumar, V. Kali Krishna Hazra Chaitanya Prasad Nath Poonia, S.P. Malik, R. Bhattacharyya, R. McDonald, A. Impact of conservation tillage in rice–based cropping systems on soil aggregation, carbon pools and nutrients |
description |
Tillage intensive cropping practices have deteriorated soil physical quality and decreased soil organic carbon (SOC) levels in rice–growing areas of South Asia. Consequently, crop productivity has declined over the years demonstrating the need for sustainable alternatives. Given that, a field experiment was conducted for six years to assess the impact of four tillage based crop establishment treatments [puddled transplant rice followed by conventional tillage in wheat/maize (CTTPR–CT), non–puddled transplant rice followed by zero–tillage in wheat/maize (NPTPR–ZT), zero–till transplant rice followed by zero–tillage in wheat/maize (ZTTPR–ZT), zero–tillage direct seeded rice followed by zero–tillage in wheat/maize (ZTDSR–ZT)], two residue management treatments [residue removal, residue retention (~33%)], and two cropping systems [rice–wheat, rice–maize] on soil aggregation, carbon pools, nutrient availability, and crop productivity. After six years of rotation, in top 0.2 m soil depth, zero–till crop establishment treatments (ZTTPR–ZT and ZTDSR–ZT) had higher (p < 0.05) total organic carbon (TOC) over conventional tillage treatment (CTTPR–CT). Zero–till crop establishment treatments increased very–labile C faction (Cfrac1) by 21% followed by labile fraction (Cfrac2) (16%), non–labile fraction (Cfrac4) (13%) and less–labile fraction (Cfrac3) (7%). Notably, higher passive C–pool in conservation tillage practices over CTTPR–CT suggests that conservation tillage could stabilize the recalcitrant form of carbon that persists longer in the soil. Meantime, zero–till crop establishment treatments had higher (p < 0.05) water stable macro–aggregates, macro–aggregates: micro–aggregates ratio and aggregate carbon content over CTTPR–CT. The treatment NPTPR–ZT significantly increased soil quality parameters over CTTPR–CT. However, the effect was not as prominent as that of ZTTPR–ZT and ZTDSR–ZT. Retention of crop residue increased (p < 0.05) TOC (12%) and soil available nutrients mainly available–P (16%), followed by available–K (12%), DTPA–extractable Zn (11%), and available–S (6%) over residue removal treatment. The constructive changes in soil properties following conservation tillage and crop residue retention led to increased crop productivity over conventional CTTPR–CT. Therefore, conservation tillage (particularly ZTTPR–ZT and ZTDSR–ZT) and crop residue retention could be recommended in tropical rice–based cropping systems for improving soil quality and production sustainability. |
format |
Article |
topic_facet |
AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY Carbon Fractions Carbon Stabilization Grain Yield Soil Aggregate Soil Available Nutrients Zero-till Direct Seeded Rice RICE ZERO TILLAGE DIRECT SOWING SOIL ORGANIC CARBON TOTAL CARBON SOIL STRUCTURAL UNITS SOIL FERTILITY NUTRIENT AVAILABILITY |
author |
Rajiv Nandan Vikram Singh Sati Shankar Singh Kumar, V. Kali Krishna Hazra Chaitanya Prasad Nath Poonia, S.P. Malik, R. Bhattacharyya, R. McDonald, A. |
author_facet |
Rajiv Nandan Vikram Singh Sati Shankar Singh Kumar, V. Kali Krishna Hazra Chaitanya Prasad Nath Poonia, S.P. Malik, R. Bhattacharyya, R. McDonald, A. |
author_sort |
Rajiv Nandan |
title |
Impact of conservation tillage in rice–based cropping systems on soil aggregation, carbon pools and nutrients |
title_short |
Impact of conservation tillage in rice–based cropping systems on soil aggregation, carbon pools and nutrients |
title_full |
Impact of conservation tillage in rice–based cropping systems on soil aggregation, carbon pools and nutrients |
title_fullStr |
Impact of conservation tillage in rice–based cropping systems on soil aggregation, carbon pools and nutrients |
title_full_unstemmed |
Impact of conservation tillage in rice–based cropping systems on soil aggregation, carbon pools and nutrients |
title_sort |
impact of conservation tillage in rice–based cropping systems on soil aggregation, carbon pools and nutrients |
publisher |
Elsevier |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/10883/20084 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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