Spider community shift in response to farming practices in a sub-humid agroecosystem of southern Africa
Most spiders are generalist predators and important biological control agents of various insect pests of agricultural crops. A study was conducted to determine the impact of cultural practices on the abundnace and diversity of soil surface-dwelling spiders (Araneae). Two experiments were conducted at the Chinhoyi University of Technology experimental farm, Zimbabwe, over the 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 cropping seasons. The two experiments were conducted using a split-split-plot design arranged in randomized complete blocks using tillage, mulching, fertilizer and weeding management as factors, with spider diversity being a response variable. Tillage and mulching had strong effects on spider composition. In the first experiment that involved tillage system as the main plot factor, conventional tillage had a negative effect on ground dwelling taxa as evidenced by high negative taxon weights of Lycosidae, Gnaphosidae and Salticidae. In the second experiment, mulching had strong positive effects on ground dwelling spiders with the strongest being Lycosidae followed Gnaphosidae and Thomisidae. The no-tillage option increased richness by 14.5% compared to conventional tillage. The effective number of species was higher in the no-tillage option (exp^H? = 2.2) than in conventional tillage (exp^H? = 1.8). Our results suggest that no-tillage and retention of plant residue on the soil surface facilitate the abundance of ground and plant wandering spiders. More research is required to assess the specific benefits associated with this increased abundance, such as biological pest control.
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Elsevier
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Subjects: | AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY, No-Tillage, Predator Relationships, Spider Diversity, Weeding Effects, BIOLOGICAL PEST CONTROL, FERTILIZATION, ZERO TILLAGE, PREDATORS, ARANEAE, BIODIVERSITY, WEEDS, |
Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/10883/19687 |
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dig-cimmyt-10883-196872023-09-05T19:16:40Z Spider community shift in response to farming practices in a sub-humid agroecosystem of southern Africa Mashavakure, N. Mashingaidze, A.B. Musundire, R. Nhamo, N. Gandiwa, E. Thierfelder, C. Muposhi, V.K. AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY No-Tillage Predator Relationships Spider Diversity Weeding Effects BIOLOGICAL PEST CONTROL FERTILIZATION ZERO TILLAGE PREDATORS ARANEAE BIODIVERSITY WEEDS Most spiders are generalist predators and important biological control agents of various insect pests of agricultural crops. A study was conducted to determine the impact of cultural practices on the abundnace and diversity of soil surface-dwelling spiders (Araneae). Two experiments were conducted at the Chinhoyi University of Technology experimental farm, Zimbabwe, over the 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 cropping seasons. The two experiments were conducted using a split-split-plot design arranged in randomized complete blocks using tillage, mulching, fertilizer and weeding management as factors, with spider diversity being a response variable. Tillage and mulching had strong effects on spider composition. In the first experiment that involved tillage system as the main plot factor, conventional tillage had a negative effect on ground dwelling taxa as evidenced by high negative taxon weights of Lycosidae, Gnaphosidae and Salticidae. In the second experiment, mulching had strong positive effects on ground dwelling spiders with the strongest being Lycosidae followed Gnaphosidae and Thomisidae. The no-tillage option increased richness by 14.5% compared to conventional tillage. The effective number of species was higher in the no-tillage option (exp^H? = 2.2) than in conventional tillage (exp^H? = 1.8). Our results suggest that no-tillage and retention of plant residue on the soil surface facilitate the abundance of ground and plant wandering spiders. More research is required to assess the specific benefits associated with this increased abundance, such as biological pest control. 237-245 2018-12-17T19:55:19Z 2018-12-17T19:55:19Z 2019 Article Published Version 0167-8809 https://hdl.handle.net/10883/19687 10.1016/j.agee.2018.11.020 English CIMMYT manages Intellectual Assets as International Public Goods. The user is free to download, print, store and share this work. In case you want to translate or create any other derivative work and share or distribute such translation/derivative work, please contact CIMMYT-Knowledge-Center@cgiar.org indicating the work you want to use and the kind of use you intend; CIMMYT will contact you with the sutable license for that purpose. Open Access PDF Amsterdam, Netherlands Elsevier 272 Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment |
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AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY No-Tillage Predator Relationships Spider Diversity Weeding Effects BIOLOGICAL PEST CONTROL FERTILIZATION ZERO TILLAGE PREDATORS ARANEAE BIODIVERSITY WEEDS AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY No-Tillage Predator Relationships Spider Diversity Weeding Effects BIOLOGICAL PEST CONTROL FERTILIZATION ZERO TILLAGE PREDATORS ARANEAE BIODIVERSITY WEEDS |
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AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY No-Tillage Predator Relationships Spider Diversity Weeding Effects BIOLOGICAL PEST CONTROL FERTILIZATION ZERO TILLAGE PREDATORS ARANEAE BIODIVERSITY WEEDS AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY No-Tillage Predator Relationships Spider Diversity Weeding Effects BIOLOGICAL PEST CONTROL FERTILIZATION ZERO TILLAGE PREDATORS ARANEAE BIODIVERSITY WEEDS Mashavakure, N. Mashingaidze, A.B. Musundire, R. Nhamo, N. Gandiwa, E. Thierfelder, C. Muposhi, V.K. Spider community shift in response to farming practices in a sub-humid agroecosystem of southern Africa |
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Most spiders are generalist predators and important biological control agents of various insect pests of agricultural crops. A study was conducted to determine the impact of cultural practices on the abundnace and diversity of soil surface-dwelling spiders (Araneae). Two experiments were conducted at the Chinhoyi University of Technology experimental farm, Zimbabwe, over the 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 cropping seasons. The two experiments were conducted using a split-split-plot design arranged in randomized complete blocks using tillage, mulching, fertilizer and weeding management as factors, with spider diversity being a response variable. Tillage and mulching had strong effects on spider composition. In the first experiment that involved tillage system as the main plot factor, conventional tillage had a negative effect on ground dwelling taxa as evidenced by high negative taxon weights of Lycosidae, Gnaphosidae and Salticidae. In the second experiment, mulching had strong positive effects on ground dwelling spiders with the strongest being Lycosidae followed Gnaphosidae and Thomisidae. The no-tillage option increased richness by 14.5% compared to conventional tillage. The effective number of species was higher in the no-tillage option (exp^H? = 2.2) than in conventional tillage (exp^H? = 1.8). Our results suggest that no-tillage and retention of plant residue on the soil surface facilitate the abundance of ground and plant wandering spiders. More research is required to assess the specific benefits associated with this increased abundance, such as biological pest control. |
format |
Article |
topic_facet |
AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY No-Tillage Predator Relationships Spider Diversity Weeding Effects BIOLOGICAL PEST CONTROL FERTILIZATION ZERO TILLAGE PREDATORS ARANEAE BIODIVERSITY WEEDS |
author |
Mashavakure, N. Mashingaidze, A.B. Musundire, R. Nhamo, N. Gandiwa, E. Thierfelder, C. Muposhi, V.K. |
author_facet |
Mashavakure, N. Mashingaidze, A.B. Musundire, R. Nhamo, N. Gandiwa, E. Thierfelder, C. Muposhi, V.K. |
author_sort |
Mashavakure, N. |
title |
Spider community shift in response to farming practices in a sub-humid agroecosystem of southern Africa |
title_short |
Spider community shift in response to farming practices in a sub-humid agroecosystem of southern Africa |
title_full |
Spider community shift in response to farming practices in a sub-humid agroecosystem of southern Africa |
title_fullStr |
Spider community shift in response to farming practices in a sub-humid agroecosystem of southern Africa |
title_full_unstemmed |
Spider community shift in response to farming practices in a sub-humid agroecosystem of southern Africa |
title_sort |
spider community shift in response to farming practices in a sub-humid agroecosystem of southern africa |
publisher |
Elsevier |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/10883/19687 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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1777674047953305600 |