Cereal cyst nematodes: a complex and destructive group of Heterodera species
Small grain cereals have served as the basis for staple foods, beverages, and animal feed for thousands of years. Wheat, barley, oats, rye, triticale, rice, and others are rich in calories, proteins, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals. These cereals supply 20% of the calories consumed by people worldwide and are therefore a primary source of energy for humans and play a vital role in global food and nutrition security. Global production of small grains increased linearly from 1960 to 2005, and then began to decline. Further decline in production is projected to continue through 2050 while global demand for these grains is projected to increase by 1% per annum. Currently, wheat, barley, and oat production exceeds consumption in developed countries, while in developing countries the consumption rate is higher than production. An increasing demand for meat and livestock products is likely to compound the demand for cereals in developing countries. Current production levels and trends will not be sufficient to fulfill the projected global demand generated by increased populations. For wheat, global production will need to be increased by 60% to fulfill the estimated demand in 2050. Until recently, global wheat production increased mostly in response to development of improved cultivars and farming practices and technologies. Production is now limited by biotic and abiotic constraints, including diseases, nematodes, insect pests, weeds, and climate. Among these constraints, plant-parasitic nematodes alone are estimated to reduce production of all world crops by 10%. Cereal cyst nematodes (CCNs) are among the most important nematode pests that limit production of small grain cereals. Heavily invaded young plants are stunted and their lower leaves are often chlorotic, forming pale green patches in the field. Mature plants are also stunted, have a reduced number of tillers, and the roots are shallow and have a “bushy-knotted” appearance. CCNs comprise a number of closely-related species and are found in most regions where cereals are produced.
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Format: | Article biblioteca |
Language: | English |
Published: |
American Phytopathological Society (APS)
2017
|
Subjects: | AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY, CEREALS, PLANT NEMATODES, HETERODERA, |
Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/10883/19171 |
Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
id |
dig-cimmyt-10883-19171 |
---|---|
record_format |
koha |
spelling |
dig-cimmyt-10883-191712021-08-09T16:17:19Z Cereal cyst nematodes: a complex and destructive group of Heterodera species Smiley, R.W. Dababat, A.A. Sadia, I. Jones, G.K. Tanha Maafi, Z. De-Liang Peng Subbotin, S.A. Waeyenberge, L. AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY CEREALS PLANT NEMATODES HETERODERA Small grain cereals have served as the basis for staple foods, beverages, and animal feed for thousands of years. Wheat, barley, oats, rye, triticale, rice, and others are rich in calories, proteins, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals. These cereals supply 20% of the calories consumed by people worldwide and are therefore a primary source of energy for humans and play a vital role in global food and nutrition security. Global production of small grains increased linearly from 1960 to 2005, and then began to decline. Further decline in production is projected to continue through 2050 while global demand for these grains is projected to increase by 1% per annum. Currently, wheat, barley, and oat production exceeds consumption in developed countries, while in developing countries the consumption rate is higher than production. An increasing demand for meat and livestock products is likely to compound the demand for cereals in developing countries. Current production levels and trends will not be sufficient to fulfill the projected global demand generated by increased populations. For wheat, global production will need to be increased by 60% to fulfill the estimated demand in 2050. Until recently, global wheat production increased mostly in response to development of improved cultivars and farming practices and technologies. Production is now limited by biotic and abiotic constraints, including diseases, nematodes, insect pests, weeds, and climate. Among these constraints, plant-parasitic nematodes alone are estimated to reduce production of all world crops by 10%. Cereal cyst nematodes (CCNs) are among the most important nematode pests that limit production of small grain cereals. Heavily invaded young plants are stunted and their lower leaves are often chlorotic, forming pale green patches in the field. Mature plants are also stunted, have a reduced number of tillers, and the roots are shallow and have a “bushy-knotted” appearance. CCNs comprise a number of closely-related species and are found in most regions where cereals are produced. 1692-1720 2018-01-23T19:48:04Z 2018-01-23T19:48:04Z 2017 Article 1943-7692 http://hdl.handle.net/10883/19171 10.1094/PDIS-03-17-0355-FE English CIMMYT manages Intellectual Assets as International Public Goods. The user is free to download, print, store and share this work. In case you want to translate or create any other derivative work and share or distribute such translation/derivative work, please contact CIMMYT-Knowledge-Center@cgiar.org indicating the work you want to use and the kind of use you intend; CIMMYT will contact you with the suitable license for that purpose. Open Access PDF St. Paul, MN (USA) American Phytopathological Society (APS) 10 101 Plant Disease |
institution |
CIMMYT |
collection |
DSpace |
country |
México |
countrycode |
MX |
component |
Bibliográfico |
access |
En linea |
databasecode |
dig-cimmyt |
tag |
biblioteca |
region |
America del Norte |
libraryname |
CIMMYT Library |
language |
English |
topic |
AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY CEREALS PLANT NEMATODES HETERODERA AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY CEREALS PLANT NEMATODES HETERODERA |
spellingShingle |
AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY CEREALS PLANT NEMATODES HETERODERA AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY CEREALS PLANT NEMATODES HETERODERA Smiley, R.W. Dababat, A.A. Sadia, I. Jones, G.K. Tanha Maafi, Z. De-Liang Peng Subbotin, S.A. Waeyenberge, L. Cereal cyst nematodes: a complex and destructive group of Heterodera species |
description |
Small grain cereals have served as the basis for staple foods, beverages, and animal feed for thousands of years. Wheat, barley, oats, rye, triticale, rice, and others are rich in calories, proteins, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals. These cereals supply 20% of the calories consumed by people worldwide and are therefore a primary source of energy for humans and play a vital role in global food and nutrition security. Global production of small grains increased linearly from 1960 to 2005, and then began to decline. Further decline in production is projected to continue through 2050 while global demand for these grains is projected to increase by 1% per annum. Currently, wheat, barley, and oat production exceeds consumption in developed countries, while in developing countries the consumption rate is higher than production. An increasing demand for meat and livestock products is likely to compound the demand for cereals in developing countries. Current production levels and trends will not be sufficient to fulfill the projected global demand generated by increased populations. For wheat, global production will need to be increased by 60% to fulfill the estimated demand in 2050. Until recently, global wheat production increased mostly in response to development of improved cultivars and farming practices and technologies. Production is now limited by biotic and abiotic constraints, including diseases, nematodes, insect pests, weeds, and climate. Among these constraints, plant-parasitic nematodes alone are estimated to reduce production of all world crops by 10%. Cereal cyst nematodes (CCNs) are among the most important nematode pests that limit production of small grain cereals. Heavily invaded young plants are stunted and their lower leaves are often chlorotic, forming pale green patches in the field. Mature plants are also stunted, have a reduced number of tillers, and the roots are shallow and have a “bushy-knotted” appearance. CCNs comprise a number of closely-related species and are found in most regions where cereals are produced. |
format |
Article |
topic_facet |
AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY CEREALS PLANT NEMATODES HETERODERA |
author |
Smiley, R.W. Dababat, A.A. Sadia, I. Jones, G.K. Tanha Maafi, Z. De-Liang Peng Subbotin, S.A. Waeyenberge, L. |
author_facet |
Smiley, R.W. Dababat, A.A. Sadia, I. Jones, G.K. Tanha Maafi, Z. De-Liang Peng Subbotin, S.A. Waeyenberge, L. |
author_sort |
Smiley, R.W. |
title |
Cereal cyst nematodes: a complex and destructive group of Heterodera species |
title_short |
Cereal cyst nematodes: a complex and destructive group of Heterodera species |
title_full |
Cereal cyst nematodes: a complex and destructive group of Heterodera species |
title_fullStr |
Cereal cyst nematodes: a complex and destructive group of Heterodera species |
title_full_unstemmed |
Cereal cyst nematodes: a complex and destructive group of Heterodera species |
title_sort |
cereal cyst nematodes: a complex and destructive group of heterodera species |
publisher |
American Phytopathological Society (APS) |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10883/19171 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT smileyrw cerealcystnematodesacomplexanddestructivegroupofheteroderaspecies AT dababataa cerealcystnematodesacomplexanddestructivegroupofheteroderaspecies AT sadiai cerealcystnematodesacomplexanddestructivegroupofheteroderaspecies AT jonesgk cerealcystnematodesacomplexanddestructivegroupofheteroderaspecies AT tanhamaafiz cerealcystnematodesacomplexanddestructivegroupofheteroderaspecies AT deliangpeng cerealcystnematodesacomplexanddestructivegroupofheteroderaspecies AT subbotinsa cerealcystnematodesacomplexanddestructivegroupofheteroderaspecies AT waeyenbergel cerealcystnematodesacomplexanddestructivegroupofheteroderaspecies |
_version_ |
1756086700835078144 |