Tillage and rice straw management affect soil enzyme activities and chemical properties after three years of conservation agriculture based rice-wheat system in north-western India
Aims: To evaluate the effects of rice establishment, tillage and rice straw management on changes in soil enzyme activities and chemical properties in soil after three cycles of continuous rice-wheat system. Study Design: The experiment was laid in split plot design with three replications. Place and Duration of Study: PAU, Ludhiana, 2010-2013. Methodology: The experiment was started during kharif season of 2010. The design of an experiment was having 12 treatments with 3 replications. The main plot treatments in rice (zero till direct seeded rice, ZT-DSR; conventional till direct seeded rice, CT-DSR; zero till direct transplanted rice, ZT-DTR and puddled transplanted rice, PTR) and three sub-plot treatments in wheat (conventional till wheat without rice straw, CTW-R; ZT wheat without rice straw, ZTW-R, and ZT wheat with rice straw retained as surface mulch using Happy Seeder, ZTW+R). Results: Zero tillage with rice straw retention (ZTW) as surface mulch (+R) increased wheat yield by 9% and 15% compared with conventional tillage (CTW) and ZTW with no residue (-R). Significantly higher dehydrogenase, fluorescein diacetate, alkaline phosphatase, phytase and urease activities were recorded under ZTW+R compared with ZTW/CTW-R in 0-5 cm soil layer. Organic carbon, Olsen-P, available K and DTPA-extractable micronutrients (Zn, Fe, Mn and Cu) in the surface 0-5 cm soil layer were significantly higher in ZTW+R compared with ZTW/CTW-R. Soil enzyme activities were significantly and positively correlated with each other, soil organic carbon, Olsen-P and grain yield of wheat. Conclusion: We concluded that RCTs (ZTW and rice residue retention) improve soil enzyme activities and chemical properties in surface 0-5 cm soil layer and enhance productivity and sustainability of rice-wheat system.
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Subjects: | AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY, Rice Straw Surface Mulch, Enzyme Activities, Rice-Wheat Systems, CEREAL CROPS, CONSERVATION AGRICULTURE, RICE STRAW, MULCHES, TILLAGE, SOIL MICROORGANISMS, ENZYMES, |
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dig-cimmyt-10883-191682024-03-13T19:22:34Z Tillage and rice straw management affect soil enzyme activities and chemical properties after three years of conservation agriculture based rice-wheat system in north-western India Kumar Kharia, S. Thind, H.S. Sharma, S. Sidhu, H.S. Jat, M.L. Singh, Y. AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY Rice Straw Surface Mulch Enzyme Activities Rice-Wheat Systems CEREAL CROPS CONSERVATION AGRICULTURE RICE STRAW MULCHES TILLAGE SOIL MICROORGANISMS ENZYMES Aims: To evaluate the effects of rice establishment, tillage and rice straw management on changes in soil enzyme activities and chemical properties in soil after three cycles of continuous rice-wheat system. Study Design: The experiment was laid in split plot design with three replications. Place and Duration of Study: PAU, Ludhiana, 2010-2013. Methodology: The experiment was started during kharif season of 2010. The design of an experiment was having 12 treatments with 3 replications. The main plot treatments in rice (zero till direct seeded rice, ZT-DSR; conventional till direct seeded rice, CT-DSR; zero till direct transplanted rice, ZT-DTR and puddled transplanted rice, PTR) and three sub-plot treatments in wheat (conventional till wheat without rice straw, CTW-R; ZT wheat without rice straw, ZTW-R, and ZT wheat with rice straw retained as surface mulch using Happy Seeder, ZTW+R). Results: Zero tillage with rice straw retention (ZTW) as surface mulch (+R) increased wheat yield by 9% and 15% compared with conventional tillage (CTW) and ZTW with no residue (-R). Significantly higher dehydrogenase, fluorescein diacetate, alkaline phosphatase, phytase and urease activities were recorded under ZTW+R compared with ZTW/CTW-R in 0-5 cm soil layer. Organic carbon, Olsen-P, available K and DTPA-extractable micronutrients (Zn, Fe, Mn and Cu) in the surface 0-5 cm soil layer were significantly higher in ZTW+R compared with ZTW/CTW-R. Soil enzyme activities were significantly and positively correlated with each other, soil organic carbon, Olsen-P and grain yield of wheat. Conclusion: We concluded that RCTs (ZTW and rice residue retention) improve soil enzyme activities and chemical properties in surface 0-5 cm soil layer and enhance productivity and sustainability of rice-wheat system. 1-13 2018-01-23T18:37:05Z 2018-01-23T18:37:05Z 2017 Article 2320-7035 http://hdl.handle.net/10883/19168 10.9734/IJPSS/2017/33494 English Wheat CIMMYT manages Intellectual Assets as International Public Goods. The user is free to download, print, store and share this work. In case you want to translate or create any other derivative work and share or distribute such translation/derivative work, please contact CIMMYT-Knowledge-Center@cgiar.org indicating the work you want to use and the kind of use you intend; CIMMYT will contact you with the suitable license for that purpose. Open Access PDF India India USA SCIENCEDOMAIN international 6 15 International Journal of Plant & Soil Science |
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AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY Rice Straw Surface Mulch Enzyme Activities Rice-Wheat Systems CEREAL CROPS CONSERVATION AGRICULTURE RICE STRAW MULCHES TILLAGE SOIL MICROORGANISMS ENZYMES AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY Rice Straw Surface Mulch Enzyme Activities Rice-Wheat Systems CEREAL CROPS CONSERVATION AGRICULTURE RICE STRAW MULCHES TILLAGE SOIL MICROORGANISMS ENZYMES |
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AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY Rice Straw Surface Mulch Enzyme Activities Rice-Wheat Systems CEREAL CROPS CONSERVATION AGRICULTURE RICE STRAW MULCHES TILLAGE SOIL MICROORGANISMS ENZYMES AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY Rice Straw Surface Mulch Enzyme Activities Rice-Wheat Systems CEREAL CROPS CONSERVATION AGRICULTURE RICE STRAW MULCHES TILLAGE SOIL MICROORGANISMS ENZYMES Kumar Kharia, S. Thind, H.S. Sharma, S. Sidhu, H.S. Jat, M.L. Singh, Y. Tillage and rice straw management affect soil enzyme activities and chemical properties after three years of conservation agriculture based rice-wheat system in north-western India |
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Aims: To evaluate the effects of rice establishment, tillage and rice straw management on changes in soil enzyme activities and chemical properties in soil after three cycles of continuous rice-wheat system. Study Design: The experiment was laid in split plot design with three replications. Place and Duration of Study: PAU, Ludhiana, 2010-2013. Methodology: The experiment was started during kharif season of 2010. The design of an experiment was having 12 treatments with 3 replications. The main plot treatments in rice (zero till direct seeded rice, ZT-DSR; conventional till direct seeded rice, CT-DSR; zero till direct transplanted rice, ZT-DTR and puddled transplanted rice, PTR) and three sub-plot treatments in wheat (conventional till wheat without rice straw, CTW-R; ZT wheat without rice straw, ZTW-R, and ZT wheat with rice straw retained as surface mulch using Happy Seeder, ZTW+R). Results: Zero tillage with rice straw retention (ZTW) as surface mulch (+R) increased wheat yield by 9% and 15% compared with conventional tillage (CTW) and ZTW with no residue (-R). Significantly higher dehydrogenase, fluorescein diacetate, alkaline phosphatase, phytase and urease activities were recorded under ZTW+R compared with ZTW/CTW-R in 0-5 cm soil layer. Organic carbon, Olsen-P, available K and DTPA-extractable micronutrients (Zn, Fe, Mn and Cu) in the surface 0-5 cm soil layer were significantly higher in ZTW+R compared with ZTW/CTW-R. Soil enzyme activities were significantly and positively correlated with each other, soil organic carbon, Olsen-P and grain yield of wheat. Conclusion: We concluded that RCTs (ZTW and rice residue retention) improve soil enzyme activities and chemical properties in surface 0-5 cm soil layer and enhance productivity and sustainability of rice-wheat system. |
format |
Article |
topic_facet |
AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY Rice Straw Surface Mulch Enzyme Activities Rice-Wheat Systems CEREAL CROPS CONSERVATION AGRICULTURE RICE STRAW MULCHES TILLAGE SOIL MICROORGANISMS ENZYMES |
author |
Kumar Kharia, S. Thind, H.S. Sharma, S. Sidhu, H.S. Jat, M.L. Singh, Y. |
author_facet |
Kumar Kharia, S. Thind, H.S. Sharma, S. Sidhu, H.S. Jat, M.L. Singh, Y. |
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Kumar Kharia, S. |
title |
Tillage and rice straw management affect soil enzyme activities and chemical properties after three years of conservation agriculture based rice-wheat system in north-western India |
title_short |
Tillage and rice straw management affect soil enzyme activities and chemical properties after three years of conservation agriculture based rice-wheat system in north-western India |
title_full |
Tillage and rice straw management affect soil enzyme activities and chemical properties after three years of conservation agriculture based rice-wheat system in north-western India |
title_fullStr |
Tillage and rice straw management affect soil enzyme activities and chemical properties after three years of conservation agriculture based rice-wheat system in north-western India |
title_full_unstemmed |
Tillage and rice straw management affect soil enzyme activities and chemical properties after three years of conservation agriculture based rice-wheat system in north-western India |
title_sort |
tillage and rice straw management affect soil enzyme activities and chemical properties after three years of conservation agriculture based rice-wheat system in north-western india |
publisher |
SCIENCEDOMAIN international |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10883/19168 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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