A Continuous decline of global seasonal wind speed range over land since 1980
To investigate changes in global wind speed phenomena, we constructed homogenized monthly time series (1980-2018) for 4,722 meteorological stations. Through examining monthly-averaged wind speeds (MWS), we found that seasonal wind speed range (SWSR; calculated as the difference between maximum and minimum MWS) has declined significantly by 10% since 1980 (p < 0.001). This global SWSR reduction was primarily influenced by decreases in Europe (-19%), South America (-16%), Australia (-14%), and Asia (-13%), with corresponding rate reductions of -0.13, -0.08, -0.09 and -0.06 m s-1 decade-1, respectively (p < 0.01). In contrast, the SWSR in North America rose 3%. Important is that the decrease in SWSR occurred regardless of the stilling or reversal of annual wind speed. The shrinking SWSR in Australia and South America was characterized by continuous decreases in maximum MWS and increases in the minimum. For Europe and Asia, maximum and minimum MWS declined initially after 1980, followed by substantial increases in minimum MWS (about 2000 and 2012, respectively) that preserved the long-term reduction in the range. Most reanalysis products (ERA5, ERA-Interim, and MERRA-2) and climate model simulations (AMIP6 and CMIP6) fail to reproduce the observed trends. However, some ocean-atmosphere indices (seasonality characteristics) were correlated significantly with these trends, including West Hemisphere warm pool, East Atlantic Patten, Pacific Decadal Oscillation, and others. These findings are important for increasing the understanding of mechanisms behind wind speed variations that influence a multitude of other biogeophysical processes and the development of efficient wind energy generations, now and in the future.
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American Meteorological Society
2021-07-27
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dig-cide-es-10261-2661662022-05-04T01:43:44Z A Continuous decline of global seasonal wind speed range over land since 1980 Zhou, Lihong Zeng, Zhenzhong Azorín-Molina, César Liu, Yi Wu, Jie Wang, Dashan Li, Dan Ziegler, Alan D. Dong, Li National Natural Science Foundation of China Southern University of Science and Technology (China) Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España) Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España) To investigate changes in global wind speed phenomena, we constructed homogenized monthly time series (1980-2018) for 4,722 meteorological stations. Through examining monthly-averaged wind speeds (MWS), we found that seasonal wind speed range (SWSR; calculated as the difference between maximum and minimum MWS) has declined significantly by 10% since 1980 (p < 0.001). This global SWSR reduction was primarily influenced by decreases in Europe (-19%), South America (-16%), Australia (-14%), and Asia (-13%), with corresponding rate reductions of -0.13, -0.08, -0.09 and -0.06 m s-1 decade-1, respectively (p < 0.01). In contrast, the SWSR in North America rose 3%. Important is that the decrease in SWSR occurred regardless of the stilling or reversal of annual wind speed. The shrinking SWSR in Australia and South America was characterized by continuous decreases in maximum MWS and increases in the minimum. For Europe and Asia, maximum and minimum MWS declined initially after 1980, followed by substantial increases in minimum MWS (about 2000 and 2012, respectively) that preserved the long-term reduction in the range. Most reanalysis products (ERA5, ERA-Interim, and MERRA-2) and climate model simulations (AMIP6 and CMIP6) fail to reproduce the observed trends. However, some ocean-atmosphere indices (seasonality characteristics) were correlated significantly with these trends, including West Hemisphere warm pool, East Atlantic Patten, Pacific Decadal Oscillation, and others. These findings are important for increasing the understanding of mechanisms behind wind speed variations that influence a multitude of other biogeophysical processes and the development of efficient wind energy generations, now and in the future. This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grants no. 42071022), the start-up fund provided by Southern University of Science and Technology (no. 29/Y01296122) and Highlight Project on Water Security and Global Change of the Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech, Grant No. G02296302), as well as Ramon y Cajal fellowship (RYC-2017-22830) and the grants no. VR-2017-03780 and RTI2018-095749-A-I00 (MCIU/AEI/FEDER, UE). Peer reviewed 2022-04-04T10:20:02Z 2022-04-04T10:20:02Z 2021-07-27 2022-04-04T10:20:02Z artículo http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 Journal of Climate 34: 9443-9461 (2021) 0894-8755 http://hdl.handle.net/10261/266166 10.1175/JCLI-D-21-0112.1 1520-0442 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100011033 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001809 #PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE# #PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE# info:eu-repo/grantAgreement////RYC-2017-22830 info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020/RTI2018-095749-A-I00/ES/EVALUACION Y ATRIBUCION DE LA VARIABILIDAD DE LA VELOCIDAD MEDIA Y LAS RACHAS MAXIMAS DE VIENTO: CAUSAS DEL FENOMENO STILLING/ Postprint http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-21-0112.1 Sí open American Meteorological Society |
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To investigate changes in global wind speed phenomena, we constructed homogenized monthly time series (1980-2018) for 4,722 meteorological stations. Through examining monthly-averaged wind speeds (MWS), we found that seasonal wind speed range (SWSR; calculated as the difference between maximum and minimum MWS) has declined significantly by 10% since 1980 (p < 0.001). This global SWSR reduction was primarily influenced by decreases in Europe (-19%), South America (-16%), Australia (-14%), and Asia (-13%), with corresponding rate reductions of -0.13, -0.08, -0.09 and -0.06 m s-1 decade-1, respectively (p < 0.01). In contrast, the SWSR in North America rose 3%. Important is that the decrease in SWSR occurred regardless of the stilling or reversal of annual wind speed. The shrinking SWSR in Australia and South America was characterized by continuous decreases in maximum MWS and increases in the minimum. For Europe and Asia, maximum and minimum MWS declined initially after 1980, followed by substantial increases in minimum MWS (about 2000 and 2012, respectively) that preserved the long-term reduction in the range. Most reanalysis products (ERA5, ERA-Interim, and MERRA-2) and climate model simulations (AMIP6 and CMIP6) fail to reproduce the observed trends. However, some ocean-atmosphere indices (seasonality characteristics) were correlated significantly with these trends, including West Hemisphere warm pool, East Atlantic Patten, Pacific Decadal Oscillation, and others. These findings are important for increasing the understanding of mechanisms behind wind speed variations that influence a multitude of other biogeophysical processes and the development of efficient wind energy generations, now and in the future. |
author2 |
National Natural Science Foundation of China |
author_facet |
National Natural Science Foundation of China Zhou, Lihong Zeng, Zhenzhong Azorín-Molina, César Liu, Yi Wu, Jie Wang, Dashan Li, Dan Ziegler, Alan D. Dong, Li |
format |
artículo |
author |
Zhou, Lihong Zeng, Zhenzhong Azorín-Molina, César Liu, Yi Wu, Jie Wang, Dashan Li, Dan Ziegler, Alan D. Dong, Li |
spellingShingle |
Zhou, Lihong Zeng, Zhenzhong Azorín-Molina, César Liu, Yi Wu, Jie Wang, Dashan Li, Dan Ziegler, Alan D. Dong, Li A Continuous decline of global seasonal wind speed range over land since 1980 |
author_sort |
Zhou, Lihong |
title |
A Continuous decline of global seasonal wind speed range over land since 1980 |
title_short |
A Continuous decline of global seasonal wind speed range over land since 1980 |
title_full |
A Continuous decline of global seasonal wind speed range over land since 1980 |
title_fullStr |
A Continuous decline of global seasonal wind speed range over land since 1980 |
title_full_unstemmed |
A Continuous decline of global seasonal wind speed range over land since 1980 |
title_sort |
continuous decline of global seasonal wind speed range over land since 1980 |
publisher |
American Meteorological Society |
publishDate |
2021-07-27 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10261/266166 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100011033 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001809 |
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