Multi-year inter-laboratory exercises for the analysis of illicit drugs and metabolites in wastewater: Development of a quality control system

Thirty-seven laboratories from 25 countries present the development of an inter-laboratory testing scheme for the analysis of seven illicit drug residues in standard solutions, tap- and wastewater. Almost 10 000 concentration values were evaluated: triplicates of up to five samples and 26 laboratories per year. The setup was substantially improved with experiences gained across the six repetitions (e.g. matrix type, sample conditions, spiking levels). From this, (pre-)analytical issues (e.g. pH adjustment, filtration) were revealed for specific analytes which resulted in formulation of best-practice protocols for inter-laboratory setup and analytical procedures. The results illustrate the effectiveness of the inter-laboratory setup to assess laboratory performance in the framework of wastewater-based epidemiology. The exercise proved that measurements of laboratories were of high quality (>80% satisfactory results for six out of seven analytes) and that analytical follow-up is important to assist laboratories in improving robustness of wastewater-based epidemiology results.

Bibliographic Details

Main Authors:	Nuijs, Alexander van, Yin Lai, Foon, Been, Frederic, Andrés-Costa, María Jesús, Barron, Leon P., Baz-Lomba, José Antonio, Berset, Jean-Daniel, Benaglia, Lisa, Bijlsma, Lubertus, Burgard, Dan, Castiglioni, S., Christophoridis, Christophoros, Covaci, Adrian, Voogt, Pim de, Emke, Erik, Fatta-Kassinos, Despo, Fick, Jerker, Hernández, Félix, Gerber, Cobus, González-Mariño, Iria, Grabic, Roman, Gunnar,Teemu, Kannan, Kurunthachalam, Karolak, Sara, Kasprzyk-Hordern, Barbara, Kokot, Zenon, Krizman‐Matasic, Ivona, Li, Angela, Li, Xiqing, Löve, Arndís S.C., López de Alda, Miren, McCall, Ann-Kathrin, Meyer, Markus R., Oberacher, Herbert, O'Brien, Jake, Quintana, Benito, Reid, Malcolm, Schneider, Serge, Sadler Simoes, Susana, Thomaidis, Nikolaos S., Thomas, Kevin V., Yargeau, Viviane, Ort, Christoph
Other Authors:	European Cooperation in Science and Technology
Format:	artículo biblioteca
Language:	English
Published:	Elsevier 2018-06
Subjects:	Illicit drugs, Wastewater, Inter-laboratory testing, Wastewater-based epidemiology, Quality assurance,
Online Access:	http://hdl.handle.net/10261/183540 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000921 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100003329 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100003130 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000038 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000780 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100003359 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100002809 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100010801
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