Sequential determination of fat- and water-soluble vitamins in green leafy vegetables during storage

The simultaneous analysis of fat- and water-soluble vitamins from foods is a difficult task considering the wide range of chemical structures involved. In this work, a new procedure based on a sequential extraction and analysis of both types of vitamins is presented. The procedure couples several simple extraction steps to LC–MS/MS and LC–DAD in order to quantify the free vitamins contents in fresh-cut vegetables before and after a 10-days storage period. The developed method allows the correct quantification of vitamins C, B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B9, E and provitamin A in ready-to-eat green leafy vegetable products including green lettuce, ruby red lettuce, watercress, swiss chard, lamb's lettuce, spearmint, spinach, wild rocket, pea leaves, mizuna, garden cress and red mustard. Using this optimized methodology, low LOQs were attained for the analyzed vitamins in less than 100 min, including extraction and vitamin analysis using 2 optimized procedures; good repeatability and linearity was achieved for all vitamins studied, while recoveries ranged from 83% to 105%. The most abundant free vitamins found in leafy vegetable products were vitamin C, provitamin A and vitamin E. The richest sample on vitamin C and provitamin A was pea leaves (154 mg/g fresh weight and 14.4 mg/100 g fresh weight, respectively), whereas lamb's lettuce was the vegetable with the highest content on vitamin E (3.1 mg/100 g fresh weight). Generally, some losses of vitamins were detected after storage, although the behavior of each vitamin varied strongly among samples.

Bibliographic Details

Main Authors:	Santos, Joana, Mendiola, J. A., Oliveira, M. B. P. P., Ibáñez, Elena, Herrero, Miguel
Other Authors:	Comunidad de Madrid
Format:	artículo biblioteca
Language:	English
Published:	Elsevier 2012-05-03
Subjects:	Fresh-cut vegetables, Fat-soluble vitamins, Water-soluble vitamins, LC-MS/MS, Green leafy vegetables, HPLC-DAD,
Online Access:	http://hdl.handle.net/10261/50214 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004837 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001871 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100006111 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100003329 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100012818
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