Standardisation of eddy-covariance flux measurements of methane and nitrous oxide
Commercially available fast-response analysers for methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) have recently become more sensitive, more robust and easier to operate. This has made their application for long-term flux measurements with the eddy-covariance method more feasible. Unlike for carbon dioxide (CO2) and water vapour (H2O), there have so far been no guidelines on how to optimise and standardise the measurements. This paper reviews the state-of-the-art of the various steps of the measurements and discusses aspects such as instrument selection, setup and maintenance, data processing as well as the additional measurements needed to aid interpretation and gap-filling. It presents the methodological protocol for eddy covariance measurements of CH4 and N2O fluxes as agreed for the ecosystem station network of the pan-European Research Infrastructure Integrated Carbon Observation System and provides a first international standard that is suggested to be adopted more widely. Fluxes can be episodic and the processes controlling the fluxes are complex, preventing simple mechanistic gap-filling strategies. Fluxes are often near or below the detection limit, requiring additional care during data processing. The protocol sets out the best practice for these conditions to avoid biasing the results and long-term budgets. It summarises the current approach to gap-filling.
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Walter de Gruyter GmbH
2018-12-01
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Subjects: | greenhouse gases, soil, |
Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/10568/99052 https://doi.org/10.1515/intag-2017-0042 |
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dig-cgspace-10568-990522023-10-02T10:00:51Z Standardisation of eddy-covariance flux measurements of methane and nitrous oxide Nemitz, E. Mammarella, I. Ibrom, A. Aurela, M. Burba, G.G. Dengel, S. Gielen, B. Grelle, A. Heinesch, B. Herbst, M. Hörtnagl, L. Klemedtsson, L. Lindroth, A. Lohila, A. McDermitt, D.K. Meier, P. Merbold, Lutz greenhouse gases soil Commercially available fast-response analysers for methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) have recently become more sensitive, more robust and easier to operate. This has made their application for long-term flux measurements with the eddy-covariance method more feasible. Unlike for carbon dioxide (CO2) and water vapour (H2O), there have so far been no guidelines on how to optimise and standardise the measurements. This paper reviews the state-of-the-art of the various steps of the measurements and discusses aspects such as instrument selection, setup and maintenance, data processing as well as the additional measurements needed to aid interpretation and gap-filling. It presents the methodological protocol for eddy covariance measurements of CH4 and N2O fluxes as agreed for the ecosystem station network of the pan-European Research Infrastructure Integrated Carbon Observation System and provides a first international standard that is suggested to be adopted more widely. Fluxes can be episodic and the processes controlling the fluxes are complex, preventing simple mechanistic gap-filling strategies. Fluxes are often near or below the detection limit, requiring additional care during data processing. The protocol sets out the best practice for these conditions to avoid biasing the results and long-term budgets. It summarises the current approach to gap-filling. 2018-12-01 2019-01-11T09:12:52Z 2019-01-11T09:12:52Z Journal Article Nemitz, E., Mammarella, I., Ibrom, A., Aurela, M., Burba, G. G., Dengel, S., Gielen, B., Grelle, A., Heinesch, B., Herbst, M., Hörtnagl, L., Klemedtsson, L., Lindroth, A., Lohila, A., McDermitt, D. K., Meier, P., Merbold, L., Nelson, D., Nicolini, G., Nilsson, M. B., Peltola, O., Rinne, J., and Zahniser, M. 2018. Standardisation of eddy-covariance flux measurements of methane and nitrous oxide, International Agrophysics 32(4):517-549. 2300-8725 https://hdl.handle.net/10568/99052 https://doi.org/10.1515/intag-2017-0042 en CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0 Open Access p. 517-549 Walter de Gruyter GmbH International Agrophysics |
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greenhouse gases soil greenhouse gases soil Nemitz, E. Mammarella, I. Ibrom, A. Aurela, M. Burba, G.G. Dengel, S. Gielen, B. Grelle, A. Heinesch, B. Herbst, M. Hörtnagl, L. Klemedtsson, L. Lindroth, A. Lohila, A. McDermitt, D.K. Meier, P. Merbold, Lutz Standardisation of eddy-covariance flux measurements of methane and nitrous oxide |
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Commercially available fast-response analysers for methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) have recently become more sensitive, more robust and easier to operate. This has made their application for long-term flux measurements with the eddy-covariance method more feasible. Unlike for carbon dioxide (CO2) and water vapour (H2O), there have so far been no guidelines on how to optimise and standardise the measurements. This paper reviews the state-of-the-art of the various steps of the measurements and discusses aspects such as instrument selection, setup and maintenance, data processing as well as the additional measurements needed to aid interpretation and gap-filling. It presents the methodological protocol for eddy covariance measurements of CH4 and N2O fluxes as agreed for the ecosystem station network of the pan-European Research Infrastructure Integrated Carbon Observation System and provides a first international standard that is suggested to be adopted more widely. Fluxes can be episodic and the processes controlling the fluxes are complex, preventing simple mechanistic gap-filling strategies. Fluxes are often near or below the detection limit, requiring additional care during data processing. The protocol sets out the best practice for these conditions to avoid biasing the results and long-term budgets. It summarises the current approach to gap-filling. |
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Journal Article |
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greenhouse gases soil |
author |
Nemitz, E. Mammarella, I. Ibrom, A. Aurela, M. Burba, G.G. Dengel, S. Gielen, B. Grelle, A. Heinesch, B. Herbst, M. Hörtnagl, L. Klemedtsson, L. Lindroth, A. Lohila, A. McDermitt, D.K. Meier, P. Merbold, Lutz |
author_facet |
Nemitz, E. Mammarella, I. Ibrom, A. Aurela, M. Burba, G.G. Dengel, S. Gielen, B. Grelle, A. Heinesch, B. Herbst, M. Hörtnagl, L. Klemedtsson, L. Lindroth, A. Lohila, A. McDermitt, D.K. Meier, P. Merbold, Lutz |
author_sort |
Nemitz, E. |
title |
Standardisation of eddy-covariance flux measurements of methane and nitrous oxide |
title_short |
Standardisation of eddy-covariance flux measurements of methane and nitrous oxide |
title_full |
Standardisation of eddy-covariance flux measurements of methane and nitrous oxide |
title_fullStr |
Standardisation of eddy-covariance flux measurements of methane and nitrous oxide |
title_full_unstemmed |
Standardisation of eddy-covariance flux measurements of methane and nitrous oxide |
title_sort |
standardisation of eddy-covariance flux measurements of methane and nitrous oxide |
publisher |
Walter de Gruyter GmbH |
publishDate |
2018-12-01 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/10568/99052 https://doi.org/10.1515/intag-2017-0042 |
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