Milk production and reproductive performance of local and crossbreed dairy cows in selected districts of west Gojam Zone, Amhara Region, Ethiopia
The aim of the study was to evaluate milk production and reproductive performance of Indigenous and their crossbreed of different exotic blood level of dairy cows and factors affecting their performance in rural, peri-urban and urban production system of selected districts of West Gojjam Zone, Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia. A total of 180 small-scale dairy cow owners were purposively selected and interviewed with pre-tested struc-tured questionnaire to obtain information on the milk production and reproductive per-formance of cows. For monitoring study from 180 farmers, 60 dairy farmers who have lactating cows were involved. The cows with exotic blood level of (0%, 25%, 50% and 75%) were purposively selected. Monitoring study was also conducted to obtain milk pro-duction based on, lactation stages, production system, exotic blood level and parity of cows. The monitoring results showed that, the average daily milk yield for local and their crossbreed of different exotic blood level of 25%, 50% and 75% at Early, Mid, and Late lactation stages, for local cows with mean daily milk was 2.36±0.84 litres, 3.38±0.94, 2.82±1.01and 0.89±0.58 litres early, mid, and late lactation stages, respectively. For 25%, with mean daily milk yield was 4.49±1.50 litres and 5.76±1.67, 4.84±1.49, and 2.86±1.35 litres in early, mid and late lactation stage, respectively. For 50%, with mean daily milk yield was 7.34±2.99 litters and 9.86±3.71, 7.57±3.57 and 4.59±1.68 litres in early, mid and late lactation stage, respectively. For 75% with the mean daily milk yield was 8.78±2.16 litres11.37±2.74, 9.22±2.34 and 5.74±1.40litres in early, mid and late lactation stage, respectively. The milk production was significantly (P<0.05) decreased in 3rd lacta-tion stage than 2nd and 1st for both local and for all crossbreed. From the survey results, the overall average lactation length for Indigenous and their crossbreed of 25%, 50% and 75% was 8.31±2.21, 8.28±0.71, 8.42±0.57 and 10.03±1.59 month, respectively. The mean age at first service (months) for local and their crossbreed of 25%, 50% and 75% was 46.68±5.08, 34.56±6.64, 28.80± 5.48 and 25.20± 4.88, respectively. The mean AFS for crossbreed was 29.52±.3.96 month. Age at first calving (Months), for local and their crossbreed of 25%, 50% and 75% was 55.44±6.72, 46.56±5.92, 39.72±6.04 and 36.36±4.56, respectively. The mean AFC for all crossbreed was 40.88±5.51month. Days open till conception (days) for local and their crossbreed of 25%, 50% and 75% was 294.60±43.20, 112.80±42.00, 109.80±54.00, 103.50±36.00, respectively. The mean DO for all crossbreed was 108.70±11.00 day. Calving interval for local and their crossbreed of 25%, 50% and 75% were 22.15±4.22, 17.52±4.36, 16.30±2.59 and 15.70±3.21 month, respectively. The mean CI for all crossbreed was 16.51±.3.39 month. Number of services per conception for local and their crossbreed of 25%, 50% and 75% were 1.67±0.61, 1.71±0.40, 1.51±0.34 and 1.66±0.41, respectively. The mean NSC for all crossbreed was 1.63±.0.38. The present study showed that even if milk production and reproductive per-formance of crossbreed cows owned by rural, peri-urban and urban dairy producers in study area was comparatively good, conversely in order to get optimum output of cross-breed dairy cows, appropriate breeding strategy to assign (it more best assigning high exotic blood level (75%) to Urban production system, Medium exotic blood level (50-75%) to Peri-urban and lower exotic blood level (25% to 50%) to rural production system ac-cording to their management practice (feeding practices, health care and housing) and also supply of improved genotypes and dairy inputs like (feed, health care and artificial insemination), proper breeding management in the study area suggested.
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| Format: | Thesis biblioteca |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Bahir Dar University
2016-06-30
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| Subjects: | animal breeding, livestock, |
| Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/10568/77363 |
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