Introduction of serum proteins and immunoglobulin's in Oncorhynchus mykiss and Ctenopharyngodon idella

The concentration of serum immunoglobulin in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and(Ctenopharyngodon idella)was measured by Immunoelectrophoresis. Serum total protein, also called plasma total protein or total protein, is a biochemical test for measuring the total amount of protein in blood plasma or serum. Protein in the plasma is made up of albumin and globulin. The globulin in turn is made up of α1, α2, β, and γ globulins. These fractions can be quantities using protein electrophoresis, but the total protein test is a faster and cheaper test that estimates the total of all fractions together. The traditional method for measuring total protein uses the biuret reagent, but other chemical methods such as Kjeldahl method, dye-binding and Refractometer are now available. The measurement is usually performed on automated analyzer salong with other laboratory tests. The normal IgM concentration was 3.3 mg ml in a group of free-living trout. While the IgM concentration was low in sera from fish living under aquarium conations. In visual variations were very pronounced. The purity of reference preparations and the specificity of anti sera used were examined by crossed Immunoelectrophoresis. Fish respond to antigenic stimulation by the production of immunoglobulin. So far only one immunoglobulin class is known to occur in teleosts, the characteristics of the class being rather similar to those of mammalian IgM. The molecule is a tetramers consisting of a basic structure of 8 light chains and 8 heavy chains (same molecular weight as the p-chains of mammals) (Acton et al. 1971, Etuis 1982). The molecular weight of the whole molecule is about 700 000 Daltons (13 to 16 S). Most studies concerning the humoral immune response in teleosts have dealt with aracteristics of the immune response elicited by known antigens. Only in a few cases has the concentration of total immunoglobulin been measured. Estimates of total immunoglobulin have been made in serum from (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and (Ctenopharyngodon idella) carp and goldfish (Vilain et al. 1984), carp (Richter et al. 1973), brown trout (Ingram & Alexander 1979) and certain salt-water fish (Fidler et al. 1969, Acton et al. 1971, Legler et al. 1971). Estimates of total IgM in serum from rainbow trout Salmo gairdnen have not, to our knowledge, been published so far.Serum. Blood samples were obtained by puncture of the caudal vein of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and(Ctenopharyngodon idella)After clotting overnight at 4 "C the blood was centrifuged at 1000 g for 15 min to obtain serum. The sera were stored at -20 "C until examined. Total serum protein. Protein concentration in (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and(Ctenopharyngodon idella) sera was estimated by means of the Biuret method(Richtenich 1971). Antiserum to IgM : The monospecificity of the rabbit antiserum to rainbow trout IgM was indicated by the appearance of only one precipitation Line when the antiserum was reacted against normal trout serum in crossed Immunoelectrophoresis (Fig. 1). The purity of the IgM preparation which was used as reference IgM in connection with IgM quantification is illustrated in Fig. 2a. It appears that only one precipitation line developed when the preparation was reacted against antiserum to trout serum in crossed Immunoelectrophoresis. Fig. 2b illustrates the multi specificity of the rabbit antiserum to trout serum used.