Maize transformation: from plant material to the release of genetically modified and edited varieties.

Over the past decades, advances in plant biotechnology have allowed the development of genetically modified maize varieties that have significantly impacted agricultural management and improved the grain yield worldwide. To date, genetically modified varieties represent 30% of the world´s maize cultivated area and incorporate traits such as herbicide, insect and disease resistance, abiotic stress tolerance, high yield, and improved nutritional quality. Maize transformation, which is a prerequisite for genetically modified maize development, is no longer a major bottleneck. Protocols using morphogenic regulators have evolved significantly towards increasing transformation frequency and genotype independence. Emerging technologies using either stable or transient expression and tissue culture-independent methods, such as direct genome editing using RNA-guided endonuclease system as an in vivo desired-target mutator, simultaneous double haploid production and editing/haploid-inducer-mediated genome editing, and pollen transformation, are expected to lead significant progress in maize biotechnology. This review summarises the significant advances in maize transformation protocols, technologies, and applications and discusses the current status, including a pipeline for trait development and regulatory issues related to current and future genetically modified and genetically edited maize varieties.

Bibliographic Details

Main Authors:	YASSITEPE, J. E. de C. T., SILVA, V. C. H. da, HERNANDES-LOPES, J., DANTE, R. A., GERHARDT, I. R., FERNANDES, F. R., SILVA, P. A. da, VIEIRA, L. R., BONATTI, V., ARRUDA, P.
Other Authors:	JULIANA ERIKA DE C T YASSITEPE, CNPTIA; VIVIANE CRISTINA HEINZEN DA SILVA, UNICAMP; JOSÉ HERNANDES-LOPES, Colaborador CNPTIA, UNICAMP; RICARDO AUGUSTO DANTE, CNPTIA; ISABEL RODRIGUES GERHARDT, CNPTIA; FERNANDA RAUSCH FERNANDES, CNPTIA; PRISCILA ALVES DA SILVA, UNICAMP; LETICIA RIOS VIEIRA, UNICAMP; VANESSA BONATTI, UNICAMP; PAULO ARRUDA, UNICAMP.
Format:	Artigo de periódico biblioteca
Language:	Ingles English
Published:	2021-11-24
Subjects:	Transformação de planta, Modificação genética, Maize, Plant transformation, Gene editing, Plant biotechnology, Genetic modification, Morphogenic regulator-mediated transformation, Milho, Biotecnologia, Genética, Genética Vegetal, Biotechnology, Genetics, Plant genetics,
Online Access:	http://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/1136495 https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.766702
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