Climate Change Pressures Plant Hardiness Zones (Map Service)

Evaluating multiple signals of climate change across the conterminous United States during three 30-year periods (2010�2039, 2040�2069, 2070�2099) during this century to a baseline period (1980�2009) emphasizes potential changes for growing degree days (GDD), plant hardiness zones (PHZ), and heat zones. These indices were derived using the CCSM4 and GFDL CM3 models under the representative concentration pathways 4.5 and 8.5, respectively, and included in Matthews et al. (2018). Daily temperature was downscaled by Maurer et al. (https://doi.org/10.1029/2007EO470006) at a 1/8 degree grid scale and used to obtain growing degree days, plant hardiness zones, and heat zones. Each of these indices provides unique information about plant health related to changes in climatic conditions that influence establishment, growth, and survival. These data and the calculated changes are provided as 14 individual IMG files for each index to assist with management planning and decision making into the future. For each of the four indices the following are included: two baseline files (1980�2009), three files representing 30-year periods for the scenario CCSM4 under RCP 4.5 along with three files of changes, and three files representing 30-year periods for the scenario GFDL CM3 under RCP 8.5 along with three files of changes.�<div><br></div><div>Plant hardiness zones provide a general indication of the extent of overwinter stress experienced by plants. PHZ are based on the average annual extreme minimum temperatures and have been used by horticulturists to evaluate the cold hardiness of plants. Specifically, the value used here is the absolute minimum temperature achieved for each year and reported as the 30-year mean. Because they reflect cold tolerance for many plant species, including woody ones, hardiness zones are most likely to reflect plant range limits. The zonal variations caused by warming temperatures in the future will therefore be useful to approximately delineate niche constraints of many plant species and hence their future range potential. Plant hardiness zones and subzones were delineated according to the USDA definitions, which break the geography into zones by 10 �F (5.56 �C) increments from zone 1 (-55 to -45.6 �C) to zone 13 (15.7 to 22 �C) of annual extreme minimum temperature. To define the coldest day per year, daily minimum temperatures were identified within the period July 1 to June 30, with the nominal year assigned to the first 6 months of the 12-month period.�</div><div><br></div><div>Original data and associated metadata can be downloaded from this website:�<a href="https://www.fs.usda.gov/rds/archive/Product/RDS-2019-0001" rel="nofollow ugc noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">https://www.fs.usda.gov/rds/archive/Product/RDS-2019-0001</a></div><div><br>This record was taken from the USDA Enterprise Data Inventory that feeds into the <a href="https://data.gov">https://data.gov</a> catalog. Data for this record includes the following resources:</div><ul><li> <a href="https://www.arcgis.com/sharing/rest/content/items/774789d29220451883a567ad73b2f0f2/info/metadata/metadata.xml?format=iso19139 "> ISO-19139 metadata</a></li><li> <a href="https://data-usfs.hub.arcgis.com/documents/usfs::climate-change-pressures-plant-hardiness-zones-map-service "> ArcGIS Hub Dataset</a></li><li> <a href="https://usfs.maps.arcgis.com/home/item.html?id=d44b1d6a535342ef8b39feb8092a585c "> ArcGIS GeoService</a></li></ul><div> For complete information, please visit <a href="https://data.gov">https://data.gov</a>.</div>

Bibliographic Details

Main Author:	U.S. Forest Service (17476914)
Format:	Dataset biblioteca
Published:	2019
Subjects:	Environmental sciences, Climatology, CMIP5, gridded meteorological data, temperature indices, climatologyMeteorologyAtmosphere, conterminous United States, precipitation, maximum temperature, minimum temperature, drought, Climate change, extreme events, Ecology, Ecosystems, & Environment, monthly, environment, Forest & Plant Health, geoscientificInformation, plant hardiness zones, PHZ, Open Data,
Online Access:	https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/Climate_Change_Pressures_Plant_Hardiness_Zones_Map_Service_/25973164
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