Landscape ecology of Trypanosoma cruzi in the southern Yucatan Peninsula

Landscape interactions of Trypanosoma cruzi (Tc) with Triatoma dimidiata (Td) depend on the presence and relative abundance of mammal hosts. This study analyzed a landscape adjacent to the Calakmul Biosphere Reserve, composed of conserved areas, crop and farming areas, and the human community of Zoh Laguna with reported Chagas disease cases. Sylvatic mammals of the Chiroptera, Rodentia, and Marsupialia orders were captured, and livestock and pets were sampled along with T. dimidiata in all habitats. Infection by T. cruzi was analyzed using mtDNA markers, while lineage and DTU was analyzed using the mini-exon. 303 sylvatic specimens were collected, corresponding to 19 species during the rainy season and 114 specimens of 18 species during dry season. Five bats Artibeus jamaicensis, Artibeus lituratus, Sturnira lilium, Sturnira ludovici, Dermanura phaeotis (Dp) and one rodent Heteromys gaumeri were collected in the three habitats. All but Dp, and including Carollia brevicauda and Myotis keaysi, were infected with predominately TcI in the sylvatic habitat and TcII in the ecotone. Sigmodon hispidus was the rodent with the highest prevalence of infection by T. cruzi I and II in ecotone and domestic habitats. Didelphis viginiana was infected only with TcI in both domestic and sylvatic habitats; the only two genotyped human cases were TcII. Two main clades of T. cruzi, lineages I (DTU Ia) and II (DTU VI), were found to be sympatric (all habitats and seasons) in the Zoh-Laguna landscape, suggesting that no species-specific interactions occur between the parasite and any mammal host, in any habitat. We have also found mixed infections of the two principal T. cruzi clades in individuals across modified habitats, particularly in livestock and pets, and in both haplogroups of T. dimidiata.

Bibliographic Details

Main Authors:	López Cancino, Sury Antonio autor, Tun Ku, Ezequiel autor, De la Cruz Félix, Himmler Keynes autor, Ibarra Cerdeña, Carlos Napoleón autor 13200, Izeta Alberdi, Amaia Doctor autora 15602, Pech May, Angélica autora, Mazariegos Hidalgo, Carlos Jesús autor, Valdez Tah, Alba Rocío Doctora autora 12814, Ramsey Willoquet, Janine M. Doctora autor 14239
Format:	Texto biblioteca
Language:	eng
Subjects:	Trypanosoma cruzi, Triatoma dimidiata, Enfermedad de chagas, Huéspedes, Mamíferos, Ecología del paisaje, Artfrosur,
Online Access:	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actatropica.2015.07.021
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