Comparative ecological risks of pesticides used in plantation production of papaya application of the SYNOPS indicator
Pesticides are used intensively for crop protection in tropical fruit plantations. Assessments of the relative risks posed by pesticides are needed to assist in the development of management plans that minimize ecological impacts. In this study, the risk indicator SYNOPS_2 was used to compare risks to aquatic ecosystems by pesticides commonly used in papaya plantations. Plant interception and spray drift were measured during six applications of three pesticides (chlorothalonil, chloropyrifos, and malathion) using a turbo fan driven sprayer. Plant interception was estimated to be higher (42.6 ± 12.7%; p = 0.04) in late (8-14 months old) than in early (4 months old) trees (20.1 ± 25.3%). Chlorothalonil concentrations of up to 11.0 μg L− 1 were found in water from an adjacent ditch after field application. Concentrations of this pesticide (7.4 ± 4.1 μg L− 1) in runoff water were also significantly (p < 0.01) higher than those of malathion (2.4 ± 1.9 μg L− 1) and chlorpyrifos (0.8 ± 0.5 μg L− 1). Good correlation between measured and predicted values (r2 = 0.56-0.85, p < 0.01) showed that SYNOPS_2 is able to describe trends in runoff pollution in papaya plantations.
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Texto biblioteca |
| Language: | eng |
| Subjects: | Papayas, Plaguicidas, Monitoreo ambiental, Contaminantes (Polución), Evaluación de riesgos, Contaminación del agua, Artfrosur, |
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