Limitations of insecticides in the management of the coffee berry borer Hypothenemus hampei Ferrari
The use of synthetic organic inseticides against Hypothenemus hampei was pioneered by Brasil in 1947 with aerial and mechanical spraying of BHC. The practice was adopted by Africa in 1949 where BHC dust was applied extensively. Since 1960, endosulfan has been the most widely used chemical against the pest. Field trials with 73 formulations of 55 different insecticides including 10 organochlorines (OC), 26 organophosphorus compounds (OP), 12 carbamates, 4 synthtetic pyrethroids (SP) and 3 mixtures have revealed that only OCs provide good control of the pest. Laboratory screening of 39 formulations of 25 insecticides desmonstrated high susceptibility of the pest to several OCs, OPs and SPs. Timing of first application of endosulfan in relation to crop phenology when the berries are about 7mm long and the bean is at "mung" stage of development, is critical in controlling the pest. Subsequent applications extend the protection but did not help its management for the next year. The need for undestanding the pest's biology and behaviour, developing more persistent formulations of some OPs and SPs, and for integrating chemical spraying with other methods of control is emphasized
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| Format: | biblioteca |
| Published: |
1991
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| Subjects: | COFFEA ARABICA, HYPOTHENEMUS HAMPEI, INSECTOS DEPREDADORES DE LOS FRUTOS, CONTROL DE INSECTOS, INSECTICIDAS, FORMULACIONES, RESISTENCIA QUIMICA, HABITOS ALIMENTARIOS, CICLO VITAL, COMPORTAMIENTO, FENOLOGIA, CONTROL BIOLOGICO, |
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| Summary: | The use of synthetic organic inseticides against Hypothenemus hampei was pioneered by Brasil in 1947 with aerial and mechanical spraying of BHC. The practice was adopted by Africa in 1949 where BHC dust was applied extensively. Since 1960, endosulfan has been the most widely used chemical against the pest. Field trials with 73 formulations of 55 different insecticides including 10 organochlorines (OC), 26 organophosphorus compounds (OP), 12 carbamates, 4 synthtetic pyrethroids (SP) and 3 mixtures have revealed that only OCs provide good control of the pest. Laboratory screening of 39 formulations of 25 insecticides desmonstrated high susceptibility of the pest to several OCs, OPs and SPs. Timing of first application of endosulfan in relation to crop phenology when the berries are about 7mm long and the bean is at "mung" stage of development, is critical in controlling the pest. Subsequent applications extend the protection but did not help its management for the next year. The need for undestanding the pest's biology and behaviour, developing more persistent formulations of some OPs and SPs, and for integrating chemical spraying with other methods of control is emphasized |
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