Las rizobacterias y enmiendas orgánicas en la inducción de resistencia a geminivirus en el cultivo del tomate

Five rhizobacterias and two organic amendments were evaluated for growth promotion and induced resistance agains geminivirus with two cultivars of tomato. The tomato cultivars were Hayslip, geminivirus susceptible and 8429, of moderate resistance. It was established with twelve treatments and five repetitions in a completely random design. All treatments were inoculated with geminivirus, except for the absolute control (T12); these last grown under greenhouse conditions. All other treatments were field evaluated weekly. Four adult virulent whiteflies were maintained in microcages on the plants for four days, used for the geminivirus transmission. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) was used to detect the presence of geminivirus on inoculated tomato plants. The treatments consisted of the application of two different rhizobacteria strains from the MIP-CATIE collection: Bacillus cereus (Frankland and Frankland) and Pseudomonas cepacia (Palleroni and Holmes) and three other rhizobacteria isolated from the roots of tomato plants collected from the field: Bacillus sp., Pseudomonas fluorescens y Pseudomonas sp. Two organic amendments were used: Compost and Bocashi, and the rhizobacterias were seed inoculated. Plant height, biomas production and the disease severity of plants were evaluated. These treatments, with organic amendments and/or the application of the organic amendment plus the five rhizobacterias, promoted growth in both cultivates of tomatoes. The systemic resistance induction of Hayslip cultivars was achieved with the organic amendments and with the treatment that the compost had plus the five rhizobacterias. For the 8429 cultivars of moderate resistance the systemic induction was achieved through the treatments that the organic amendment had plus the five rhizobacterias, in addition to the treatments: Bacillus cereus, Pseudomonas cepacia and the mixture of the five rhizobacterias.