Frost protection: fundamentals, practice, and economics
The book comes in two volumes. They describe the physics and biology of frost occurrence and damage, passive and active protection methods and how to assess the cost-effectiveness of active protection techniques. Nighttime energy balance is used to demonstrate how protection methods are used to reduce the likelihood of frost damage. Simple methods and programs are provided to help predict temperature trends and to help determine the timing for active methods. Plant physiology related to freeze damage and critical damage temperatures for a wide range of crops and ornamentals are presented. Finally, an economic analysis program with examples is included to assist users to evaluate cost-effectiveness of various active methods. Although the book contains considerable technical information, it was specifically written for growers rather than scientists as a practical guide for frost protection. The volume 2 reviews concepts of probability and risk of frost damage and uses that information to help readers make economic decisions about frost protection. Computer application programs are included in the CD-ROM to help simplify complex calculations. The application programs are written in Microsoft Excel and sample calculations are presented in the text.
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Texto biblioteca |
| Language: | eng |
| Published: |
Rome (Italy) FAO
2005
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| Subjects: | Frost protection, Plant protection, Frost damage, Weather forecasting, Temperature, Cost benefit analysis, Methods, Sprinklers, Heaters, Surface irrigation, Economic value, Computer applications, Méthode, Arroseur, Appareil de chauffage, Irrigation de surface, Valeur économique, Application des ordinateurs, Protection contre les gelées, Protection des plantes, Dégât dû au gel, Prévision météorologique, Température, Analyse coût avantage, Métodos, Aspersores, Calentadores, Riego de superficie, Valor económico, Aplicaciones del ordenador, Protección contra la helada, Protección de las plantas, Daños por la helada, Pronóstico del tiempo, Temperatura, Análisis de costos y beneficios, |
| Online Access: | http://www.fao.org/3/a-y7223e.pdf http://www.fao.org/3/a-y7231e.pdf |
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| Summary: | The book comes in two volumes. They describe the physics and biology of frost occurrence and damage, passive and active protection methods and how to assess the cost-effectiveness of active protection techniques. Nighttime energy balance is used to demonstrate how protection methods are used to reduce the likelihood of frost damage. Simple methods and programs are provided to help predict temperature trends and to help determine the timing for active methods. Plant physiology related to freeze damage and critical damage temperatures for a wide range of crops and ornamentals are presented. Finally, an economic analysis program with examples is included to assist users to evaluate cost-effectiveness of various active methods. Although the book contains considerable technical information, it was specifically written for growers rather than scientists as a practical guide for frost protection. The volume 2 reviews concepts of probability and risk of frost damage and uses that information to help readers make economic decisions about frost protection. Computer application programs are included in the CD-ROM to help simplify complex calculations. The application programs are written in Microsoft Excel and sample calculations are presented in the text. |
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