A Review of Credit Guarantee Schemes in the Middle East and North Africa Region

Many countries in the MENA region have established partial credit guarantee schemes to facilitate SME access to finance. These schemes can play an important role, especially in a period where MENA governments are making efforts to improve the effectiveness of credit registries and bureaus and strengthen creditor rights. This paper reviews the design of partial credit guarantee schemes in MENA, and assesses their preliminary outcomes. The paper is based on a survey conducted in 10 MENA countries in early 2010. The authors find that the average size of guarantee schemes in MENA (measured by the total value of outstanding guarantees) is in line with the international average, although there are wide differences across countries, and some schemes seem too small to make any significant impact. Most importantly, the number of guarantees looks generally small while their average value looks large. This suggests that guarantee schemes are not yet reaching the smaller firms. Guarantee schemes in MENA look financially sound and most schemes have room to grow. However, this growth should be accompanied by an improvement of some key design and management features, as well as the introduction of systematic impact evaluation reviews.

Bibliographic Details

Main Authors:	Saadani, Youssef, Arvai, Zsofia, Rocha, Roberto
Language:	English
Published:	2011-03-01
Subjects:	ACCESS TO CREDIT, ACCESS TO FINANCE, ACCESS TO FINANCIAL SERVICES, ACCESS TO LOAN, ACCESS TO LOANS, ACCOUNTING, AGRICULTURAL LOANS, APPROVAL PROCESSES, AUCTION, AUCTIONS, AVAILABILITY OF BANK CREDIT, BALANCE SHEET, BANK CREDIT, BANK FINANCING, BANK GUARANTEE, BANK GUARANTEES, BANK LENDING, BANKING SECTOR, BANKING SYSTEMS, BANKS, BENEFICIARIES, BID, BORROWER, BUSINESS ACTIVITY, BUSINESS ASSISTANCE, BUSINESS LOANS, BUSINESS PLAN, BUSINESS PLANS, CAPACITY BUILDING, CENTRAL BANK, COLLATERAL, COLLATERAL REGIMES, COLLATERALS, COLLECTION PROCEDURES, COMMERCIAL BANK, CONTINGENT LIABILITIES, CORPORATE FINANCE, CREDIBILITY, CREDIT ACCESS, CREDIT ALLOCATION, CREDIT BUREAUS, CREDIT CONSTRAINTS, CREDIT EXTENSION, CREDIT GUARANTEE, CREDIT GUARANTEES, CREDIT INFORMATION, CREDIT MANAGEMENT, CREDIT MARKET, CREDIT OFFICER, CREDIT RATING, CREDIT RATINGS, CREDIT RATIONING, CREDIT REGISTRIES, CREDIT REGISTRY, CREDIT REPORTING, CREDIT REPORTING SYSTEMS, CREDIT RISK, CREDIT RISK MANAGEMENT, CREDIT SCORE, CREDIT SCORES, CREDIT SCORING, CREDIT SCORING MODELS, CREDITOR, CREDITOR RIGHTS, CREDITORS, CREDITS, CREDITWORTHY FIRMS, CUSTOMER SATISFACTION, DEBT, DEFAULT RATE, DEFAULT RATES, DEFAULTS, DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, DOMESTIC BANKS, DOWN PAYMENT, DOWN PAYMENTS, ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT, ECONOMIC GROWTH, EFFICIENT JUDICIAL SYSTEMS, ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA, ELIGIBLE LOANS, EMPLOYEE, EMPLOYER, ENABLING ENVIRONMENT, ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT, ENTREPRENEURS, EQUITY CAPITAL, EQUITY RATIO, ESCROW, ESCROW ACCOUNT, EXPORTERS, EXTERNAL FINANCING, FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE, FINANCIAL CRISIS, FINANCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE, FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS, FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE, FINANCIAL STRUCTURE, FINANCIAL SUPPORT, FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY, FIXED ASSETS, FOREIGN CURRENCIES, FUND MANAGERS, GOVERNMENT BANKS, GOVERNMENT INTERVENTIONS, GOVERNMENT POLICIES, GOVERNMENT SUPPORT, GROUP OF FIRMS, GUARANTEE FEES, GUARANTEE FUND, GUARANTEE FUNDS, GUARANTEE PRODUCT, GUARANTEE SCHEME, GUARANTEE SCHEMES, GUARANTOR, INDUSTRIAL LOAN, INFORMATIONAL ASYMMETRIES, INNOVATIVE LOANS, INSTALLMENTS, INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENT, INSTRUMENT, INSURANCE, INTANGIBLE, INTANGIBLE ASSETS, INTEREST RATE, INTERNATIONAL BANK, INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT, INTERNATIONAL FINANCE, INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS, INVESTMENT CLIMATE, INVESTMENT FUND, INVESTMENT PROJECTS, ISLAMIC LAW, JOB CREATION, JOB OPPORTUNITIES, JUDICIAL PROCEDURES, JUDICIAL PROCESS, JUDICIAL SYSTEM, JUDICIAL SYSTEMS, LACK OF COLLATERAL, LARGE FIRMS, LEGAL ACTIONS, LEGAL FRAMEWORK, LENDERS, LENDING DECISION, LEVELS OF COLLATERAL, LOAN, LOAN AMOUNT, LOAN AMOUNTS, LOAN APPLICATION, LOAN APPLICATIONS, LOAN BALANCE, LOAN GUARANTEE, LOAN GUARANTEE PROGRAM, LOAN GUARANTEES, LOAN MATURITY, LOAN PROGRAM, LOAN RECOVERY, LOAN SIZE, LONG-TERM FINANCE, MARKET DISTORTIONS, MATURITIES, MAXIMUM MATURITY, MICRO LOANS, MICRO-LOANS, MONETARY AUTHORITY, MONETARY FUND, MORAL HAZARD, NATIONAL CREDIT, NEW BUSINESSES, OPERATIONAL COSTS, OUTREACH, PARTIAL CREDIT, PARTNER BANKS, PAYMENT OF CLAIMS, PERSONAL GUARANTEES, PORTFOLIO, PORTFOLIOS, PRIVATE BANKS, PRIVATE CREDIT, PRIVATE CREDIT BUREAUS, PRIVATE FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS, PRODUCTION CAPACITY, PROVISION OF CREDIT, PRUDENTIAL STANDARDS, PUBLIC CREDIT, RESERVE, RESERVE REQUIREMENTS, RETURN, RISK EXPOSURE, RISK MANAGEMENT, RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS, RISK MANAGEMENT TOOLS, RISK MITIGATION, RISK OF DEFAULT, RISK PROFILE, RISK-BASED PRICING, RISKY BORROWERS, SHAREHOLDERS, SMALL BUSINESS, SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION, SMALL BUSINESS FINANCING, SMALL BUSINESSES, SMALL ENTERPRISE, SMALL ENTERPRISES, SMALL LOANS, SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT, SOLVENCY, START-UP, START-UPS, STATE BANKS, SUPERVISORY AUTHORITIES, TAX, TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE, TECHNICAL SUPPORT, TIME OF DEFAULT, TRADING, TRANSACTION, TRANSACTION COSTS, TURNOVER, UNION, VENTURE CAPITAL, WORKING CAPITAL,
Online Access:	http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000158349_20110324110732 https://hdl.handle.net/10986/3378
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