Economic Impacts of Inadequate Sanitation in Bangladesh

This study estimates the nonmonetary, financial, and economic costs of poor sanitation in the areas of health, drinking water, and domestic water, as well as user preference and welfare. Financial costs refer to the direct financial expense paid in monetary terms by someone, such as changes in household and government spending and real income losses for households. Nonmonetary costs consist of both longer-term financial impacts (such as less educated children, fewer children, and loss of working people due to premature death or relevant morbidity), and nonfinancial implications, such as the value of loss of life, time-use of adults and children, and intangible impacts. Bangladesh has made inadequate progress toward the sanitation-related millennium development goal (MDG) target. The country's financial commitment and political priority for sanitation also has shown inadequate progress (Water-Aid, 2008). Therefore, to mitigate the adverse effects of poor sanitation and hygiene practices, intervention is necessary. The aim of this study is to provide concrete evidence of the impact poor sanitation has on the population and the environment and, consequently, on the economy. This study provides estimates of the current and long-term effects of poor sanitation, which cover not only the negative impacts of poor sanitation but also the potential gains that different sanitation interventions could achieve. Policy makers and water and sanitation advocacy organizations are the target audience of this study.

Bibliographic Details

Main Authors:	DeFrancis, Marc P., DeFrancis, Marc
Language:	English en_US
Published:	World Bank, Washington, DC 2012-01
Subjects:	ACCESS TO LATRINES, ACCESS TO SAFE WATER, ACCESS TO SANITATION, ADEQUATE SANITATION FACILITIES, AGE DISTRIBUTION, AGE GROUPS, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION, AIR POLLUTION, ANIMAL EXCRETA, BASIC SANITATION, BEHAVIOR CHANGE, BENEFITS OF SANITATION, BULLETIN, CASES OF DIARRHEA, CAUSES OF DEATH, CHILD HEALTH, CHILD LABOR, CLINICS, COMMUNICATION CAMPAIGN, COMMUNITY LATRINES, COST OF WATER, DEATH RATES, DEFECATION, DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, DIARRHEA, DIARRHEA CASES, DIARRHEAL DISEASE, DIARRHEAL DISEASE PREVALENCE, DIARRHEAL DISEASES, DISEASE RESEARCH, DISEASE TRANSMISSION, DISEASE VECTOR, DISSEMINATION, DOMESTIC WATER, DRAIN, DRINKING WATER, ECONOMIC GROWTH, ECONOMIC IMPLICATIONS, EDUCATION STRATEGIES, ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH, ENVIRONMENTAL SANITATION, EXCRETA DISPOSAL, FAMILIES, FAMILY PLANNING, FAMILY WELFARE, FEMALES, FERTILITY, FEWER CHILDREN, FINANCIAL COMMITMENT, FOOD SAFETY, FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT, GLOBAL POPULATION, GOOD SANITATION, GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT, HANDWASHING, HAZARDS, HEALTH CARE, HEALTH EXPERTS, HEALTH FACILITIES, HEALTH IMPACT, HEALTH INTERVENTIONS, HEALTH PROBLEMS, HEALTH SERVICES, HELMINTHES, HOSPITAL, HOSPITALIZATION, HOSPITALS, HOUSEHOLD INCOME, HOUSEHOLD LATRINES, HOUSEHOLD REFUSE, HUMAN BEINGS, HUMAN CAPITAL, HUMAN DIGNITY, HUMAN ENVIRONMENT, HUMAN EXCRETA, HUMAN RIGHT, HUMAN RIGHTS, HYGIENE, HYGIENE BEHAVIOR, HYGIENE EDUCATION, HYGIENE PRACTICE, HYGIENE PRACTICES, HYGIENE PROMOTERS, ILLNESSES, IMPROPER SANITATION, INADEQUATE SANITATION, INDIGENOUS PEOPLE, INFANT, INFANT MORTALITY, INFANT MORTALITY RATE, INFECTIOUS DISEASE, INFORMATION CAMPAIGNS, INFORMED CHOICES, INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION, INTERVENTION, INTESTINAL WORMS, ISOLATION, LABOR FORCE, LARGE NUMBERS OF PEOPLE, LATRINE, LATRINE PIT, LIFE EXPECTANCY, LIVING CONDITIONS, LIVING STANDARDS, LOCAL GOVERNMENTS, LOW BIRTH WEIGHT, MALARIA, MALARIA CASES, MALNOURISHED CHILDREN, MALNUTRITION, MALNUTRITION AMONG CHILDREN, MASS MEDIA, MEASLES, MEDICAL FACILITIES, MEDICAL FACILITY, MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS, MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, MINISTRY OF HEALTH, MORBIDITY, MORTALITY, NATIONAL LEVEL, NATIONAL STRATEGY, NATURAL RESOURCES, NUMBER OF HOUSEHOLDS, NUMBER OF PERSONS, NUTRITION, NUTRITIONAL STATUS, ORT, PARASITES, PATHOGENS, PATIENT, PATIENTS, PERSONAL HYGIENE, PHARMACIES, PIT LATRINE, PIT LATRINES, PNEUMONIA, POLICY MAKERS, POLLUTION, POOR HEALTH, POOR HYGIENE, POPULATION CENSUS, POPULATION DATA, POPULATION RESEARCH, PREMATURE DEATH, PRIMARY SCHOOLS, PRODUCTIVE YEARS, PROGRESS, PROPER HYGIENE, PUBLIC HEALTH, PUBLIC HEALTH PROBLEMS, PUBLIC LATRINES, PURCHASING POWER, PURCHASING POWER PARITY, QUALITY OF EDUCATION, QUALITY OF LIFE, QUALITY WATER, RAINWATER COLLECTION, REGULATORY AGENCIES, RESEARCH PROGRAM, RESOURCE USE, RESPIRATORY DISEASE, RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS, RISK FACTORS, RISK OF DEATH, RISK OF ILLNESS, RURAL AREAS, SAFE DISPOSAL, SAFE DISPOSAL OF EXCRETA, SAFE DRINKING WATER, SAFE EXCRETA DISPOSAL, SAFE WATER, SANITARY LATRINES, SANITATION ACCESS, SANITATION COVERAGE, SANITATION FACILITIES, SANITATION FACILITY, SANITATION OPTIONS, SANITATION PROGRAM, SANITATION SECTOR, SANITATION SITUATION, SANITATION SOLUTIONS, SANITATION SYSTEMS, SCHISTOSOMIASIS, SCHOOL ATTENDANCE, SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS, SEPTIC TANK, SEWAGE TREATMENT, SEWERAGE, SEX, SKIN DISEASES, SOAP, SOCIAL ACTION, SOCIOECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT, SOLID WASTE, STATUS OF SANITATION, SURFACE WATER, SUSTAINABLE ACCESS, SYMPTOMS, TOILET, TOILETS, TRACHOMA, TYPHOID, UNEMPLOYMENT, URBAN AREAS, URBAN HOUSEHOLDS, URBAN POPULATIONS, URBAN SLUMS, USE OF WATER, VECTOR CONTROL, VIRUSES, WASH BOTH HANDS WITH SOAP, WASTE, WATER CONTAMINATION, WATER RESOURCES, WATER SANITATION, WATER SOURCES, WATER SUPPLY, WATER TREATMENT, WATERBORNE DISEASES, WORKERS, WORKFORCE, WORKPLACE, WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION, YOUNG CHILDREN, YOUNG PEOPLE,
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2012/01/16587727/economic-impacts-inadequate-sanitation-bangladesh https://hdl.handle.net/10986/17349
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