Education in Rwanda : Rebalancing Resources to Accelerate Post-Conflict Development and Poverty Reduction
Rwanda's recent history was marred by genocide in 1994, in which at least ten percent of the population lost their lives. Rebuilding the stock of human capital is an important part of the rehabilitation process, where the government has made efforts to broaden access to education, and enhance the quality of services. On the international stage, the education sector has also come into the limelight, specifically under the 2000 United Nations Millennium Declaration, and, the foregoing context presents clear challenges for education managers. The purpose of this report is to provide a factual basis for discussion. Noteworthy are the efforts to reduce grade repetition in primary education; and similarly, reforms in higher education finance have been launched to reduce the cost of government-sponsored overseas studies. The report is addressed to Rwanda's policymakers in the education sector, as well as to education practitioners, and should also be of interest to policymakers in other parts of the government, particularly those charged with managing the country's development strategy, and aligning public spending accordingly. The breadth of its coverage is limited to key economic aspects that are particularly relevant in the Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (PRSP) context: cost, finance, service delivery, and education outcomes. Most impressive is the rapid pace of enrollment increase in the aftermath of the genocide. As the system has expanded, it has done so in ways that has moved it toward a good balance between the public, and private sectors, which also compares favorably with that of other low-income countries in Africa, in terms of the socioeconomic disparities in educational access. Challenges ahead focus on managing student flow and graduate output, mobilizing and making effective use of resources for education, ensuring that public resources for education reach the front lines, balancing the accessibility of schools against considerations of scale economies, managing classroom conditions and processes to enhance student learning, and minimizing the barriers to education for orphans and other vulnerable groups. Nevertheless, the task ahead remains daunting as the recovery phase gives way to implementing the sector ' s long-term development. Concerns about efficiency, equity, and fiscal sustainability will be inevitably relevant, as the country seeks to advance educational progress in a resource-constrained environment.
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ADDITION ADDITIONAL RESOURCES ADMINISTRATIVE DATA BASIC EDUCATION BASIC SKILLS BIOLOGICAL PARENTS CALL CLASSROOMS COMPOSITION COUNTRY STUDIES DEVELOPMENT GOALS ECONOMIC GROWTH EDUCATION FINANCE EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS EDUCATION SECTOR EDUCATION SERVICES EDUCATION SYSTEM EDUCATIONAL DEVELOPMENT EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS EDUCATIONAL PARTICIPATION EMPLOYMENT ENROLLMENT ENROLLMENT RATE ENROLLMENT RATES EQUITABLE DISTRIBUTION FEMALE STUDENTS GENDER DIFFERENCES GER GROSS ENROLLMENT GROSS ENROLLMENT RATIO GROSS ENROLLMENT RATIOS HEALTH INDICATORS HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INSTRUCTION LABOR FORCE LABOR MARKET LEADERSHIP LEARNING LEARNING OUTCOMES LEVEL OF EDUCATION LIVING CONDITIONS MANAGERS NATIONAL CURRICULUM NET ENROLLMENT NET ENROLLMENT RATIOS ORPHANS PAPERS PARTICIPATION RATES PARTNERSHIP PER CAPITA INCOME POLICY DEVELOPMENT POOR COUNTRIES POVERTY REDUCTION PRIMARY EDUCATION PRIMARY SCHOOL PRIMARY SCHOOL ENROLLMENT PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS PRIMARY SCHOOLING PRIMARY SCHOOLS PRINTING PRIVATE PRIMARY SCHOOLS PRIVATE SECTOR PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS PUBLIC PRIMARY PUBLIC SCHOOLS PUBLIC SECTOR PUPILS QUALITY OF EDUCATION RATES OF RETURN REPETITION REPETITION RATE REPETITION RATES SCHOLARSHIPS SCHOOL ATTENDANCE SCHOOL EDUCATION SCHOOLING SCHOOLS SECONDARY EDUCATION SECONDARY SCHOOL TEACHERS SECONDARY SCHOOLS SECONDARY STUDENTS STRATEGIC PLANNING STUDENT COSTS STUDY ABROAD TEACHER TEACHER DEPLOYMENT TEACHER PAY TEACHER QUALIFICATIONS TEACHER RECRUITMENT TEACHER SALARIES TEACHERS TEACHING UNEMPLOYMENT UNIVERSITY STUDENTS WORKERS YOUNG PEOPLE EDUCATION AIMS & OBJECTIVES POST-CONFLICT RECONSTRUCTION HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT ACCESS TO EDUCATION QUALITY OF EDUCATION POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGIES DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES PUBLIC SPENDING ECONOMIC CONDITIONS COST OF EDUCATION EDUCATIONAL FINANCING SERVICE DELIVERY STUDENT ENROLLMENT PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS SOCIOECONOMIC CONSTRAINTS RESOURCE PLANNING VULNERABLE GROUPS EQUITY IN EDUCATION FISCAL SUSTAINABILITY ADDITION ADDITIONAL RESOURCES ADMINISTRATIVE DATA BASIC EDUCATION BASIC SKILLS BIOLOGICAL PARENTS CALL CLASSROOMS COMPOSITION COUNTRY STUDIES DEVELOPMENT GOALS ECONOMIC GROWTH EDUCATION FINANCE EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS EDUCATION SECTOR EDUCATION SERVICES EDUCATION SYSTEM EDUCATIONAL DEVELOPMENT EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS EDUCATIONAL PARTICIPATION EMPLOYMENT ENROLLMENT ENROLLMENT RATE ENROLLMENT RATES EQUITABLE DISTRIBUTION FEMALE STUDENTS GENDER DIFFERENCES GER GROSS ENROLLMENT GROSS ENROLLMENT RATIO GROSS ENROLLMENT RATIOS HEALTH INDICATORS HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INSTRUCTION LABOR FORCE LABOR MARKET LEADERSHIP LEARNING LEARNING OUTCOMES LEVEL OF EDUCATION LIVING CONDITIONS MANAGERS NATIONAL CURRICULUM NET ENROLLMENT NET ENROLLMENT RATIOS ORPHANS PAPERS PARTICIPATION RATES PARTNERSHIP PER CAPITA INCOME POLICY DEVELOPMENT POOR COUNTRIES POVERTY REDUCTION PRIMARY EDUCATION PRIMARY SCHOOL PRIMARY SCHOOL ENROLLMENT PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS PRIMARY SCHOOLING PRIMARY SCHOOLS PRINTING PRIVATE PRIMARY SCHOOLS PRIVATE SECTOR PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS PUBLIC PRIMARY PUBLIC SCHOOLS PUBLIC SECTOR PUPILS QUALITY OF EDUCATION RATES OF RETURN REPETITION REPETITION RATE REPETITION RATES SCHOLARSHIPS SCHOOL ATTENDANCE SCHOOL EDUCATION SCHOOLING SCHOOLS SECONDARY EDUCATION SECONDARY SCHOOL TEACHERS SECONDARY SCHOOLS SECONDARY STUDENTS STRATEGIC PLANNING STUDENT COSTS STUDY ABROAD TEACHER TEACHER DEPLOYMENT TEACHER PAY TEACHER QUALIFICATIONS TEACHER RECRUITMENT TEACHER SALARIES TEACHERS TEACHING UNEMPLOYMENT UNIVERSITY STUDENTS WORKERS YOUNG PEOPLE EDUCATION AIMS & OBJECTIVES POST-CONFLICT RECONSTRUCTION HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT ACCESS TO EDUCATION QUALITY OF EDUCATION POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGIES DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES PUBLIC SPENDING ECONOMIC CONDITIONS COST OF EDUCATION EDUCATIONAL FINANCING SERVICE DELIVERY STUDENT ENROLLMENT PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS SOCIOECONOMIC CONSTRAINTS RESOURCE PLANNING VULNERABLE GROUPS EQUITY IN EDUCATION FISCAL SUSTAINABILITY |
| spellingShingle |
ADDITION ADDITIONAL RESOURCES ADMINISTRATIVE DATA BASIC EDUCATION BASIC SKILLS BIOLOGICAL PARENTS CALL CLASSROOMS COMPOSITION COUNTRY STUDIES DEVELOPMENT GOALS ECONOMIC GROWTH EDUCATION FINANCE EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS EDUCATION SECTOR EDUCATION SERVICES EDUCATION SYSTEM EDUCATIONAL DEVELOPMENT EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS EDUCATIONAL PARTICIPATION EMPLOYMENT ENROLLMENT ENROLLMENT RATE ENROLLMENT RATES EQUITABLE DISTRIBUTION FEMALE STUDENTS GENDER DIFFERENCES GER GROSS ENROLLMENT GROSS ENROLLMENT RATIO GROSS ENROLLMENT RATIOS HEALTH INDICATORS HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INSTRUCTION LABOR FORCE LABOR MARKET LEADERSHIP LEARNING LEARNING OUTCOMES LEVEL OF EDUCATION LIVING CONDITIONS MANAGERS NATIONAL CURRICULUM NET ENROLLMENT NET ENROLLMENT RATIOS ORPHANS PAPERS PARTICIPATION RATES PARTNERSHIP PER CAPITA INCOME POLICY DEVELOPMENT POOR COUNTRIES POVERTY REDUCTION PRIMARY EDUCATION PRIMARY SCHOOL PRIMARY SCHOOL ENROLLMENT PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS PRIMARY SCHOOLING PRIMARY SCHOOLS PRINTING PRIVATE PRIMARY SCHOOLS PRIVATE SECTOR PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS PUBLIC PRIMARY PUBLIC SCHOOLS PUBLIC SECTOR PUPILS QUALITY OF EDUCATION RATES OF RETURN REPETITION REPETITION RATE REPETITION RATES SCHOLARSHIPS SCHOOL ATTENDANCE SCHOOL EDUCATION SCHOOLING SCHOOLS SECONDARY EDUCATION SECONDARY SCHOOL TEACHERS SECONDARY SCHOOLS SECONDARY STUDENTS STRATEGIC PLANNING STUDENT COSTS STUDY ABROAD TEACHER TEACHER DEPLOYMENT TEACHER PAY TEACHER QUALIFICATIONS TEACHER RECRUITMENT TEACHER SALARIES TEACHERS TEACHING UNEMPLOYMENT UNIVERSITY STUDENTS WORKERS YOUNG PEOPLE EDUCATION AIMS & OBJECTIVES POST-CONFLICT RECONSTRUCTION HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT ACCESS TO EDUCATION QUALITY OF EDUCATION POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGIES DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES PUBLIC SPENDING ECONOMIC CONDITIONS COST OF EDUCATION EDUCATIONAL FINANCING SERVICE DELIVERY STUDENT ENROLLMENT PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS SOCIOECONOMIC CONSTRAINTS RESOURCE PLANNING VULNERABLE GROUPS EQUITY IN EDUCATION FISCAL SUSTAINABILITY ADDITION ADDITIONAL RESOURCES ADMINISTRATIVE DATA BASIC EDUCATION BASIC SKILLS BIOLOGICAL PARENTS CALL CLASSROOMS COMPOSITION COUNTRY STUDIES DEVELOPMENT GOALS ECONOMIC GROWTH EDUCATION FINANCE EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS EDUCATION SECTOR EDUCATION SERVICES EDUCATION SYSTEM EDUCATIONAL DEVELOPMENT EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS EDUCATIONAL PARTICIPATION EMPLOYMENT ENROLLMENT ENROLLMENT RATE ENROLLMENT RATES EQUITABLE DISTRIBUTION FEMALE STUDENTS GENDER DIFFERENCES GER GROSS ENROLLMENT GROSS ENROLLMENT RATIO GROSS ENROLLMENT RATIOS HEALTH INDICATORS HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INSTRUCTION LABOR FORCE LABOR MARKET LEADERSHIP LEARNING LEARNING OUTCOMES LEVEL OF EDUCATION LIVING CONDITIONS MANAGERS NATIONAL CURRICULUM NET ENROLLMENT NET ENROLLMENT RATIOS ORPHANS PAPERS PARTICIPATION RATES PARTNERSHIP PER CAPITA INCOME POLICY DEVELOPMENT POOR COUNTRIES POVERTY REDUCTION PRIMARY EDUCATION PRIMARY SCHOOL PRIMARY SCHOOL ENROLLMENT PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS PRIMARY SCHOOLING PRIMARY SCHOOLS PRINTING PRIVATE PRIMARY SCHOOLS PRIVATE SECTOR PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS PUBLIC PRIMARY PUBLIC SCHOOLS PUBLIC SECTOR PUPILS QUALITY OF EDUCATION RATES OF RETURN REPETITION REPETITION RATE REPETITION RATES SCHOLARSHIPS SCHOOL ATTENDANCE SCHOOL EDUCATION SCHOOLING SCHOOLS SECONDARY EDUCATION SECONDARY SCHOOL TEACHERS SECONDARY SCHOOLS SECONDARY STUDENTS STRATEGIC PLANNING STUDENT COSTS STUDY ABROAD TEACHER TEACHER DEPLOYMENT TEACHER PAY TEACHER QUALIFICATIONS TEACHER RECRUITMENT TEACHER SALARIES TEACHERS TEACHING UNEMPLOYMENT UNIVERSITY STUDENTS WORKERS YOUNG PEOPLE EDUCATION AIMS & OBJECTIVES POST-CONFLICT RECONSTRUCTION HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT ACCESS TO EDUCATION QUALITY OF EDUCATION POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGIES DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES PUBLIC SPENDING ECONOMIC CONDITIONS COST OF EDUCATION EDUCATIONAL FINANCING SERVICE DELIVERY STUDENT ENROLLMENT PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS SOCIOECONOMIC CONSTRAINTS RESOURCE PLANNING VULNERABLE GROUPS EQUITY IN EDUCATION FISCAL SUSTAINABILITY World Bank Education in Rwanda : Rebalancing Resources to Accelerate Post-Conflict Development and Poverty Reduction |
| description |
Rwanda's recent history was marred
by genocide in 1994, in which at least ten percent of the
population lost their lives. Rebuilding the stock of human
capital is an important part of the rehabilitation process,
where the government has made efforts to broaden access to
education, and enhance the quality of services. On the
international stage, the education sector has also come into
the limelight, specifically under the 2000 United Nations
Millennium Declaration, and, the foregoing context presents
clear challenges for education managers. The purpose of this
report is to provide a factual basis for discussion.
Noteworthy are the efforts to reduce grade repetition in
primary education; and similarly, reforms in higher
education finance have been launched to reduce the cost of
government-sponsored overseas studies. The report is
addressed to Rwanda's policymakers in the education
sector, as well as to education practitioners, and should
also be of interest to policymakers in other parts of the
government, particularly those charged with managing the
country's development strategy, and aligning public
spending accordingly. The breadth of its coverage is limited
to key economic aspects that are particularly relevant in
the Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (PRSP) context: cost,
finance, service delivery, and education outcomes. Most
impressive is the rapid pace of enrollment increase in the
aftermath of the genocide. As the system has expanded, it
has done so in ways that has moved it toward a good balance
between the public, and private sectors, which also compares
favorably with that of other low-income countries in Africa,
in terms of the socioeconomic disparities in educational
access. Challenges ahead focus on managing student flow and
graduate output, mobilizing and making effective use of
resources for education, ensuring that public resources for
education reach the front lines, balancing the accessibility
of schools against considerations of scale economies,
managing classroom conditions and processes to enhance
student learning, and minimizing the barriers to education
for orphans and other vulnerable groups. Nevertheless, the
task ahead remains daunting as the recovery phase gives way
to implementing the sector ' s long-term development.
Concerns about efficiency, equity, and fiscal sustainability
will be inevitably relevant, as the country seeks to advance
educational progress in a resource-constrained environment. |
| topic_facet |
ADDITION ADDITIONAL RESOURCES ADMINISTRATIVE DATA BASIC EDUCATION BASIC SKILLS BIOLOGICAL PARENTS CALL CLASSROOMS COMPOSITION COUNTRY STUDIES DEVELOPMENT GOALS ECONOMIC GROWTH EDUCATION FINANCE EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS EDUCATION SECTOR EDUCATION SERVICES EDUCATION SYSTEM EDUCATIONAL DEVELOPMENT EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS EDUCATIONAL PARTICIPATION EMPLOYMENT ENROLLMENT ENROLLMENT RATE ENROLLMENT RATES EQUITABLE DISTRIBUTION FEMALE STUDENTS GENDER DIFFERENCES GER GROSS ENROLLMENT GROSS ENROLLMENT RATIO GROSS ENROLLMENT RATIOS HEALTH INDICATORS HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INSTRUCTION LABOR FORCE LABOR MARKET LEADERSHIP LEARNING LEARNING OUTCOMES LEVEL OF EDUCATION LIVING CONDITIONS MANAGERS NATIONAL CURRICULUM NET ENROLLMENT NET ENROLLMENT RATIOS ORPHANS PAPERS PARTICIPATION RATES PARTNERSHIP PER CAPITA INCOME POLICY DEVELOPMENT POOR COUNTRIES POVERTY REDUCTION PRIMARY EDUCATION PRIMARY SCHOOL PRIMARY SCHOOL ENROLLMENT PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS PRIMARY SCHOOLING PRIMARY SCHOOLS PRINTING PRIVATE PRIMARY SCHOOLS PRIVATE SECTOR PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS PUBLIC PRIMARY PUBLIC SCHOOLS PUBLIC SECTOR PUPILS QUALITY OF EDUCATION RATES OF RETURN REPETITION REPETITION RATE REPETITION RATES SCHOLARSHIPS SCHOOL ATTENDANCE SCHOOL EDUCATION SCHOOLING SCHOOLS SECONDARY EDUCATION SECONDARY SCHOOL TEACHERS SECONDARY SCHOOLS SECONDARY STUDENTS STRATEGIC PLANNING STUDENT COSTS STUDY ABROAD TEACHER TEACHER DEPLOYMENT TEACHER PAY TEACHER QUALIFICATIONS TEACHER RECRUITMENT TEACHER SALARIES TEACHERS TEACHING UNEMPLOYMENT UNIVERSITY STUDENTS WORKERS YOUNG PEOPLE EDUCATION AIMS & OBJECTIVES POST-CONFLICT RECONSTRUCTION HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT ACCESS TO EDUCATION QUALITY OF EDUCATION POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGIES DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES PUBLIC SPENDING ECONOMIC CONDITIONS COST OF EDUCATION EDUCATIONAL FINANCING SERVICE DELIVERY STUDENT ENROLLMENT PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS SOCIOECONOMIC CONSTRAINTS RESOURCE PLANNING VULNERABLE GROUPS EQUITY IN EDUCATION FISCAL SUSTAINABILITY |
| author |
World Bank |
| author_facet |
World Bank |
| author_sort |
World Bank |
| title |
Education in Rwanda : Rebalancing Resources to Accelerate Post-Conflict Development and Poverty Reduction |
| title_short |
Education in Rwanda : Rebalancing Resources to Accelerate Post-Conflict Development and Poverty Reduction |
| title_full |
Education in Rwanda : Rebalancing Resources to Accelerate Post-Conflict Development and Poverty Reduction |
| title_fullStr |
Education in Rwanda : Rebalancing Resources to Accelerate Post-Conflict Development and Poverty Reduction |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Education in Rwanda : Rebalancing Resources to Accelerate Post-Conflict Development and Poverty Reduction |
| title_sort |
education in rwanda : rebalancing resources to accelerate post-conflict development and poverty reduction |
| publisher |
Washington, DC |
| publishDate |
2004 |
| url |
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2004/01/3050045/rwanda-education-rwanda-rebalancing-resources-accelerate-post-conflict-development-poverty-reduction https://hdl.handle.net/10986/15034 |
| work_keys_str_mv |
AT worldbank educationinrwandarebalancingresourcestoacceleratepostconflictdevelopmentandpovertyreduction |
| _version_ |
1809105194695262208 |
| spelling |
dig-okr-10986150342024-08-08T17:37:22Z Education in Rwanda : Rebalancing Resources to Accelerate Post-Conflict Development and Poverty Reduction World Bank ADDITION ADDITIONAL RESOURCES ADMINISTRATIVE DATA BASIC EDUCATION BASIC SKILLS BIOLOGICAL PARENTS CALL CLASSROOMS COMPOSITION COUNTRY STUDIES DEVELOPMENT GOALS ECONOMIC GROWTH EDUCATION FINANCE EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS EDUCATION SECTOR EDUCATION SERVICES EDUCATION SYSTEM EDUCATIONAL DEVELOPMENT EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS EDUCATIONAL PARTICIPATION EMPLOYMENT ENROLLMENT ENROLLMENT RATE ENROLLMENT RATES EQUITABLE DISTRIBUTION FEMALE STUDENTS GENDER DIFFERENCES GER GROSS ENROLLMENT GROSS ENROLLMENT RATIO GROSS ENROLLMENT RATIOS HEALTH INDICATORS HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INSTRUCTION LABOR FORCE LABOR MARKET LEADERSHIP LEARNING LEARNING OUTCOMES LEVEL OF EDUCATION LIVING CONDITIONS MANAGERS NATIONAL CURRICULUM NET ENROLLMENT NET ENROLLMENT RATIOS ORPHANS PAPERS PARTICIPATION RATES PARTNERSHIP PER CAPITA INCOME POLICY DEVELOPMENT POOR COUNTRIES POVERTY REDUCTION PRIMARY EDUCATION PRIMARY SCHOOL PRIMARY SCHOOL ENROLLMENT PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS PRIMARY SCHOOLING PRIMARY SCHOOLS PRINTING PRIVATE PRIMARY SCHOOLS PRIVATE SECTOR PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS PUBLIC PRIMARY PUBLIC SCHOOLS PUBLIC SECTOR PUPILS QUALITY OF EDUCATION RATES OF RETURN REPETITION REPETITION RATE REPETITION RATES SCHOLARSHIPS SCHOOL ATTENDANCE SCHOOL EDUCATION SCHOOLING SCHOOLS SECONDARY EDUCATION SECONDARY SCHOOL TEACHERS SECONDARY SCHOOLS SECONDARY STUDENTS STRATEGIC PLANNING STUDENT COSTS STUDY ABROAD TEACHER TEACHER DEPLOYMENT TEACHER PAY TEACHER QUALIFICATIONS TEACHER RECRUITMENT TEACHER SALARIES TEACHERS TEACHING UNEMPLOYMENT UNIVERSITY STUDENTS WORKERS YOUNG PEOPLE EDUCATION AIMS & OBJECTIVES POST-CONFLICT RECONSTRUCTION HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT ACCESS TO EDUCATION QUALITY OF EDUCATION POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGIES DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES PUBLIC SPENDING ECONOMIC CONDITIONS COST OF EDUCATION EDUCATIONAL FINANCING SERVICE DELIVERY STUDENT ENROLLMENT PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS SOCIOECONOMIC CONSTRAINTS RESOURCE PLANNING VULNERABLE GROUPS EQUITY IN EDUCATION FISCAL SUSTAINABILITY Rwanda's recent history was marred by genocide in 1994, in which at least ten percent of the population lost their lives. Rebuilding the stock of human capital is an important part of the rehabilitation process, where the government has made efforts to broaden access to education, and enhance the quality of services. On the international stage, the education sector has also come into the limelight, specifically under the 2000 United Nations Millennium Declaration, and, the foregoing context presents clear challenges for education managers. The purpose of this report is to provide a factual basis for discussion. Noteworthy are the efforts to reduce grade repetition in primary education; and similarly, reforms in higher education finance have been launched to reduce the cost of government-sponsored overseas studies. The report is addressed to Rwanda's policymakers in the education sector, as well as to education practitioners, and should also be of interest to policymakers in other parts of the government, particularly those charged with managing the country's development strategy, and aligning public spending accordingly. The breadth of its coverage is limited to key economic aspects that are particularly relevant in the Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (PRSP) context: cost, finance, service delivery, and education outcomes. Most impressive is the rapid pace of enrollment increase in the aftermath of the genocide. As the system has expanded, it has done so in ways that has moved it toward a good balance between the public, and private sectors, which also compares favorably with that of other low-income countries in Africa, in terms of the socioeconomic disparities in educational access. Challenges ahead focus on managing student flow and graduate output, mobilizing and making effective use of resources for education, ensuring that public resources for education reach the front lines, balancing the accessibility of schools against considerations of scale economies, managing classroom conditions and processes to enhance student learning, and minimizing the barriers to education for orphans and other vulnerable groups. Nevertheless, the task ahead remains daunting as the recovery phase gives way to implementing the sector ' s long-term development. Concerns about efficiency, equity, and fiscal sustainability will be inevitably relevant, as the country seeks to advance educational progress in a resource-constrained environment. 2013-08-12T20:48:22Z 2013-08-12T20:48:22Z 2004 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2004/01/3050045/rwanda-education-rwanda-rebalancing-resources-accelerate-post-conflict-development-poverty-reduction 0-8213-5610-0 https://hdl.handle.net/10986/15034 English en_US World Bank Country Study; CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo World Bank application/pdf text/plain Washington, DC |