Niger : Investing for Prosperity - A Poverty Assessment

This report examines poverty trends and distribution of the poor in this larger context, paying particular attention to the most recent past. The report contributes to our understanding of the progress made in combating poverty in three ways. First, it updates our knowledge of poverty outcomes by examining the trends in poverty and vulnerability, as well as the profile and distribution of the poor and vulnerable across the country. Second it looks at the most common shocks, and their scale and influence on the welfare of the population. Third, it highlights the progress the country has made in improving opportunities for acquiring human capital and increasing incomes in rural areas. In this respect the report examines changes in access to education and health and improvements in productivity and income in small holder agriculture. It also explores the potential impact of public investments in agriculture. The report finds that, the biggest achievement in the last decade has been the substantive improvement in opportunities to acquire human capital.

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author: World Bank
Language:English
en_US
Published: Washington, DC 2012-10
Subjects:ACCESS TO EDUCATION, ACCESS TO HOUSEHOLD, AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT, AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION, AGRICULTURAL GROWTH, AGRICULTURAL INCOMES, AGRICULTURAL INPUTS, AGRICULTURAL LAND, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY, AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH, AGRICULTURAL SEASON, AGRICULTURAL SECTOR, AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGIES, ANNUAL GROWTH, ANNUAL GROWTH RATE, AVERAGE INCOME, BASIC EDUCATION, BENEFICIARIES, CALORIC INTAKE, CASH TRANSFERS, CHANGES IN POVERTY, CHILD NUTRITION, CHRONIC FOOD INSECURITY, CHRONIC POVERTY, CONSUMPTION AGGREGATE, CONSUMPTION BASKET, CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURES, CONSUMPTION PER CAPITA, COPING STRATEGIES, CORRELATES OF POVERTY, COVARIATE SHOCKS, CROP INCOME, CROP PRODUCTION, DATA SETS, DETERMINANTS OF POVERTY, DEVELOPMENT GOALS, DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS, DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY, DIMENSIONS OF POVERTY, DOMESTIC GRAIN PRODUCTION, DONOR SUPPORT, DROUGHT, DURABLE GOODS, ECONOMIC GROWTH, ECONOMIC INSECURITY, ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE, ECONOMIC SECURITY, EMERGENCY ASSISTANCE, EMERGENCY SITUATIONS, EMPLOYMENT STATUS, ESTIMATES OF POVERTY, ESTIMATION RESULTS, EXCHANGE RATE, EXPLANATORY VARIABLES, FARM ASSETS, FARM HOUSEHOLDS, FARM LABOR, FARM PRODUCTION, FARM WORK, FARMER, FARMERS, FINANCIAL CRISIS, FOOD AID, FOOD BASKET, FOOD CROPS, FOOD EXPENDITURES, FOOD INSECURITY, FOOD ITEMS, FOOD NEEDS, FOOD PRICE, FOOD PROGRAM, GEOGRAPHIC REGIONS, GINI INDEX, GROWTH RATES, HIGH POVERTY REGIONS, HOUSEHOLD BUDGET, HOUSEHOLD COMPOSITION, HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION, HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITY, HOUSEHOLD HEAD, HOUSEHOLD HEADS, HOUSEHOLD INCOME, HOUSEHOLD INCOME DIVERSIFICATION, HOUSEHOLD LEVEL, HOUSEHOLD POVERTY, HOUSEHOLD SURVEY, HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS, HOUSEHOLD WELFARE, HOUSING, HUMAN ASSETS, HUMAN CAPITAL, IMPACT OF SHOCKS, INCIDENCE OF POVERTY, INCOME, INCOME INEQUALITY, INCOME POVERTY, INCOME REDISTRIBUTION, INCOME SHOCK, INCOME SHORTFALL, INCOME SUPPORT, INCOME VOLATILITY, INCREASED INVESTMENT, INEQUALITY, INEQUALITY REDUCTION, INSURANCE, IRRIGATION, IRRIGATION EXPANSION, IRRIGATION INFRASTRUCTURE, LABOR FORCE, LAND MANAGEMENT, LAND SIZE, LEVELS OF VULNERABILITY, LIVESTOCK INCOME, LIVESTOCK PRODUCERS, LIVING CONDITIONS, LIVING STANDARDS, MALNUTRITION, MEASUREMENT OF POVERTY, MUTUAL INSURANCE, NATIONAL POVERTY, NATIONAL POVERTY HEADCOUNT, NEGATIVE IMPACT, NEGATIVE INCOME SHOCK, NUTRITION, NUTRITIONAL STATUS, PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION, PER CAPITA EXPENDITURE, PER CAPITA GROWTH, POLICY MAKERS, POLITICAL STABILITY, POOR, POOR AREAS, POOR GROUPS, POOR HOUSEHOLDS, POOR PEOPLE, POOR REGION, POST HARVEST, POST HARVEST LOSSES, POVERTY ASSESSMENT, POVERTY ESTIMATES, POVERTY GAP, POVERTY GAP INDEX, POVERTY HEAD, POVERTY INCIDENCE, POVERTY INDICATORS, POVERTY LEVELS, POVERTY LINE, POVERTY LINES, POVERTY MEASURES, POVERTY OUTCOMES, POVERTY RATE, POVERTY RATES, POVERTY REDUCTION, POVERTY REGIONS, POVERTY STATUS, PRO POOR, PRO POOR GROWTH, PUBLIC SECTOR, PUBLIC SERVICES, PURCHASING POWER, RATIONS, REDUCTION IN POVERTY, REDUCTION OF POVERTY, REGIONAL CAPITALS, REGIONAL MARKET, REGIONAL POPULATION, REGIONAL POVERTY, REGIONAL SHARE, RURAL, RURAL AREAS, RURAL DEVELOPMENT, RURAL DIET, RURAL DIFFERENCES, RURAL FARM, RURAL HOUSEHOLD, RURAL HOUSEHOLDS, RURAL INCOME, RURAL INCOMES, RURAL POPULATION, RURAL POPULATIONS, RURAL POVERTY, RURAL PRODUCERS, RURAL REGION, RURAL RESIDENCE, SAFETY NET, SAFETY NET PROGRAMS, SAFETY NET SYSTEM, SCHOOL ATTENDANCE, SCHOOL FEEDING, SCHOOL QUALITY, SCHOOLING, SECOND ROUND EFFECTS, SECTORAL COMPOSITION, SEED CERTIFICATION, SERVICE PROVIDERS, SOCIAL NORMS, SOCIAL SERVICES, SPATIAL DIFFERENCES, SPATIAL DIMENSION, SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION, SQUARED POVERTY GAP, TARGETING, TRADE OFFS, TRANSACTION COSTS, TRANSFER PROGRAMS, URBAN AREAS, VEGETABLES, WATER SOURCES, WEATHER INSURANCE, WEATHER RISK, WELFARE INDICATOR, WELFARE MEASURE, WIDESPREAD CONSENSUS,
Online Access:http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2012/10/17081813/niger-investing-prosperity-poverty-assessment
https://hdl.handle.net/10986/12312
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record_format koha
institution Banco Mundial
collection DSpace
country Estados Unidos
countrycode US
component Bibliográfico
access En linea
databasecode dig-okr
tag biblioteca
region America del Norte
libraryname Biblioteca del Banco Mundial
language English
en_US
topic ACCESS TO EDUCATION
ACCESS TO HOUSEHOLD
AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT
AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION
AGRICULTURAL GROWTH
AGRICULTURAL INCOMES
AGRICULTURAL INPUTS
AGRICULTURAL LAND
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY
AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH
AGRICULTURAL SEASON
AGRICULTURAL SECTOR
AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGIES
ANNUAL GROWTH
ANNUAL GROWTH RATE
AVERAGE INCOME
BASIC EDUCATION
BENEFICIARIES
CALORIC INTAKE
CASH TRANSFERS
CHANGES IN POVERTY
CHILD NUTRITION
CHRONIC FOOD INSECURITY
CHRONIC POVERTY
CONSUMPTION AGGREGATE
CONSUMPTION BASKET
CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURES
CONSUMPTION PER CAPITA
COPING STRATEGIES
CORRELATES OF POVERTY
COVARIATE SHOCKS
CROP INCOME
CROP PRODUCTION
DATA SETS
DETERMINANTS OF POVERTY
DEVELOPMENT GOALS
DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS
DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY
DIMENSIONS OF POVERTY
DOMESTIC GRAIN PRODUCTION
DONOR SUPPORT
DROUGHT
DURABLE GOODS
ECONOMIC GROWTH
ECONOMIC INSECURITY
ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE
ECONOMIC SECURITY
EMERGENCY ASSISTANCE
EMERGENCY SITUATIONS
EMPLOYMENT STATUS
ESTIMATES OF POVERTY
ESTIMATION RESULTS
EXCHANGE RATE
EXPLANATORY VARIABLES
FARM ASSETS
FARM HOUSEHOLDS
FARM LABOR
FARM PRODUCTION
FARM WORK
FARMER
FARMERS
FINANCIAL CRISIS
FOOD AID
FOOD BASKET
FOOD CROPS
FOOD EXPENDITURES
FOOD INSECURITY
FOOD ITEMS
FOOD NEEDS
FOOD PRICE
FOOD PROGRAM
GEOGRAPHIC REGIONS
GINI INDEX
GROWTH RATES
HIGH POVERTY REGIONS
HOUSEHOLD BUDGET
HOUSEHOLD COMPOSITION
HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION
HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITY
HOUSEHOLD HEAD
HOUSEHOLD HEADS
HOUSEHOLD INCOME
HOUSEHOLD INCOME DIVERSIFICATION
HOUSEHOLD LEVEL
HOUSEHOLD POVERTY
HOUSEHOLD SURVEY
HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS
HOUSEHOLD WELFARE
HOUSING
HUMAN ASSETS
HUMAN CAPITAL
IMPACT OF SHOCKS
INCIDENCE OF POVERTY
INCOME
INCOME INEQUALITY
INCOME POVERTY
INCOME REDISTRIBUTION
INCOME SHOCK
INCOME SHORTFALL
INCOME SUPPORT
INCOME VOLATILITY
INCREASED INVESTMENT
INEQUALITY
INEQUALITY REDUCTION
INSURANCE
IRRIGATION
IRRIGATION EXPANSION
IRRIGATION INFRASTRUCTURE
LABOR FORCE
LAND MANAGEMENT
LAND SIZE
LEVELS OF VULNERABILITY
LIVESTOCK INCOME
LIVESTOCK PRODUCERS
LIVING CONDITIONS
LIVING STANDARDS
MALNUTRITION
MEASUREMENT OF POVERTY
MUTUAL INSURANCE
NATIONAL POVERTY
NATIONAL POVERTY HEADCOUNT
NEGATIVE IMPACT
NEGATIVE INCOME SHOCK
NUTRITION
NUTRITIONAL STATUS
PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION
PER CAPITA EXPENDITURE
PER CAPITA GROWTH
POLICY MAKERS
POLITICAL STABILITY
POOR
POOR AREAS
POOR GROUPS
POOR HOUSEHOLDS
POOR PEOPLE
POOR REGION
POST HARVEST
POST HARVEST LOSSES
POVERTY ASSESSMENT
POVERTY ESTIMATES
POVERTY GAP
POVERTY GAP INDEX
POVERTY HEAD
POVERTY INCIDENCE
POVERTY INDICATORS
POVERTY LEVELS
POVERTY LINE
POVERTY LINES
POVERTY MEASURES
POVERTY OUTCOMES
POVERTY RATE
POVERTY RATES
POVERTY REDUCTION
POVERTY REGIONS
POVERTY STATUS
PRO POOR
PRO POOR GROWTH
PUBLIC SECTOR
PUBLIC SERVICES
PURCHASING POWER
RATIONS
REDUCTION IN POVERTY
REDUCTION OF POVERTY
REGIONAL CAPITALS
REGIONAL MARKET
REGIONAL POPULATION
REGIONAL POVERTY
REGIONAL SHARE
RURAL
RURAL AREAS
RURAL DEVELOPMENT
RURAL DIET
RURAL DIFFERENCES
RURAL FARM
RURAL HOUSEHOLD
RURAL HOUSEHOLDS
RURAL INCOME
RURAL INCOMES
RURAL POPULATION
RURAL POPULATIONS
RURAL POVERTY
RURAL PRODUCERS
RURAL REGION
RURAL RESIDENCE
SAFETY NET
SAFETY NET PROGRAMS
SAFETY NET SYSTEM
SCHOOL ATTENDANCE
SCHOOL FEEDING
SCHOOL QUALITY
SCHOOLING
SECOND ROUND EFFECTS
SECTORAL COMPOSITION
SEED CERTIFICATION
SERVICE PROVIDERS
SOCIAL NORMS
SOCIAL SERVICES
SPATIAL DIFFERENCES
SPATIAL DIMENSION
SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION
SQUARED POVERTY GAP
TARGETING
TRADE OFFS
TRANSACTION COSTS
TRANSFER PROGRAMS
URBAN AREAS
VEGETABLES
WATER SOURCES
WEATHER INSURANCE
WEATHER RISK
WELFARE INDICATOR
WELFARE MEASURE
WIDESPREAD CONSENSUS
ACCESS TO EDUCATION
ACCESS TO HOUSEHOLD
AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT
AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION
AGRICULTURAL GROWTH
AGRICULTURAL INCOMES
AGRICULTURAL INPUTS
AGRICULTURAL LAND
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY
AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH
AGRICULTURAL SEASON
AGRICULTURAL SECTOR
AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGIES
ANNUAL GROWTH
ANNUAL GROWTH RATE
AVERAGE INCOME
BASIC EDUCATION
BENEFICIARIES
CALORIC INTAKE
CASH TRANSFERS
CHANGES IN POVERTY
CHILD NUTRITION
CHRONIC FOOD INSECURITY
CHRONIC POVERTY
CONSUMPTION AGGREGATE
CONSUMPTION BASKET
CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURES
CONSUMPTION PER CAPITA
COPING STRATEGIES
CORRELATES OF POVERTY
COVARIATE SHOCKS
CROP INCOME
CROP PRODUCTION
DATA SETS
DETERMINANTS OF POVERTY
DEVELOPMENT GOALS
DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS
DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY
DIMENSIONS OF POVERTY
DOMESTIC GRAIN PRODUCTION
DONOR SUPPORT
DROUGHT
DURABLE GOODS
ECONOMIC GROWTH
ECONOMIC INSECURITY
ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE
ECONOMIC SECURITY
EMERGENCY ASSISTANCE
EMERGENCY SITUATIONS
EMPLOYMENT STATUS
ESTIMATES OF POVERTY
ESTIMATION RESULTS
EXCHANGE RATE
EXPLANATORY VARIABLES
FARM ASSETS
FARM HOUSEHOLDS
FARM LABOR
FARM PRODUCTION
FARM WORK
FARMER
FARMERS
FINANCIAL CRISIS
FOOD AID
FOOD BASKET
FOOD CROPS
FOOD EXPENDITURES
FOOD INSECURITY
FOOD ITEMS
FOOD NEEDS
FOOD PRICE
FOOD PROGRAM
GEOGRAPHIC REGIONS
GINI INDEX
GROWTH RATES
HIGH POVERTY REGIONS
HOUSEHOLD BUDGET
HOUSEHOLD COMPOSITION
HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION
HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITY
HOUSEHOLD HEAD
HOUSEHOLD HEADS
HOUSEHOLD INCOME
HOUSEHOLD INCOME DIVERSIFICATION
HOUSEHOLD LEVEL
HOUSEHOLD POVERTY
HOUSEHOLD SURVEY
HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS
HOUSEHOLD WELFARE
HOUSING
HUMAN ASSETS
HUMAN CAPITAL
IMPACT OF SHOCKS
INCIDENCE OF POVERTY
INCOME
INCOME INEQUALITY
INCOME POVERTY
INCOME REDISTRIBUTION
INCOME SHOCK
INCOME SHORTFALL
INCOME SUPPORT
INCOME VOLATILITY
INCREASED INVESTMENT
INEQUALITY
INEQUALITY REDUCTION
INSURANCE
IRRIGATION
IRRIGATION EXPANSION
IRRIGATION INFRASTRUCTURE
LABOR FORCE
LAND MANAGEMENT
LAND SIZE
LEVELS OF VULNERABILITY
LIVESTOCK INCOME
LIVESTOCK PRODUCERS
LIVING CONDITIONS
LIVING STANDARDS
MALNUTRITION
MEASUREMENT OF POVERTY
MUTUAL INSURANCE
NATIONAL POVERTY
NATIONAL POVERTY HEADCOUNT
NEGATIVE IMPACT
NEGATIVE INCOME SHOCK
NUTRITION
NUTRITIONAL STATUS
PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION
PER CAPITA EXPENDITURE
PER CAPITA GROWTH
POLICY MAKERS
POLITICAL STABILITY
POOR
POOR AREAS
POOR GROUPS
POOR HOUSEHOLDS
POOR PEOPLE
POOR REGION
POST HARVEST
POST HARVEST LOSSES
POVERTY ASSESSMENT
POVERTY ESTIMATES
POVERTY GAP
POVERTY GAP INDEX
POVERTY HEAD
POVERTY INCIDENCE
POVERTY INDICATORS
POVERTY LEVELS
POVERTY LINE
POVERTY LINES
POVERTY MEASURES
POVERTY OUTCOMES
POVERTY RATE
POVERTY RATES
POVERTY REDUCTION
POVERTY REGIONS
POVERTY STATUS
PRO POOR
PRO POOR GROWTH
PUBLIC SECTOR
PUBLIC SERVICES
PURCHASING POWER
RATIONS
REDUCTION IN POVERTY
REDUCTION OF POVERTY
REGIONAL CAPITALS
REGIONAL MARKET
REGIONAL POPULATION
REGIONAL POVERTY
REGIONAL SHARE
RURAL
RURAL AREAS
RURAL DEVELOPMENT
RURAL DIET
RURAL DIFFERENCES
RURAL FARM
RURAL HOUSEHOLD
RURAL HOUSEHOLDS
RURAL INCOME
RURAL INCOMES
RURAL POPULATION
RURAL POPULATIONS
RURAL POVERTY
RURAL PRODUCERS
RURAL REGION
RURAL RESIDENCE
SAFETY NET
SAFETY NET PROGRAMS
SAFETY NET SYSTEM
SCHOOL ATTENDANCE
SCHOOL FEEDING
SCHOOL QUALITY
SCHOOLING
SECOND ROUND EFFECTS
SECTORAL COMPOSITION
SEED CERTIFICATION
SERVICE PROVIDERS
SOCIAL NORMS
SOCIAL SERVICES
SPATIAL DIFFERENCES
SPATIAL DIMENSION
SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION
SQUARED POVERTY GAP
TARGETING
TRADE OFFS
TRANSACTION COSTS
TRANSFER PROGRAMS
URBAN AREAS
VEGETABLES
WATER SOURCES
WEATHER INSURANCE
WEATHER RISK
WELFARE INDICATOR
WELFARE MEASURE
WIDESPREAD CONSENSUS
spellingShingle ACCESS TO EDUCATION
ACCESS TO HOUSEHOLD
AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT
AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION
AGRICULTURAL GROWTH
AGRICULTURAL INCOMES
AGRICULTURAL INPUTS
AGRICULTURAL LAND
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY
AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH
AGRICULTURAL SEASON
AGRICULTURAL SECTOR
AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGIES
ANNUAL GROWTH
ANNUAL GROWTH RATE
AVERAGE INCOME
BASIC EDUCATION
BENEFICIARIES
CALORIC INTAKE
CASH TRANSFERS
CHANGES IN POVERTY
CHILD NUTRITION
CHRONIC FOOD INSECURITY
CHRONIC POVERTY
CONSUMPTION AGGREGATE
CONSUMPTION BASKET
CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURES
CONSUMPTION PER CAPITA
COPING STRATEGIES
CORRELATES OF POVERTY
COVARIATE SHOCKS
CROP INCOME
CROP PRODUCTION
DATA SETS
DETERMINANTS OF POVERTY
DEVELOPMENT GOALS
DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS
DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY
DIMENSIONS OF POVERTY
DOMESTIC GRAIN PRODUCTION
DONOR SUPPORT
DROUGHT
DURABLE GOODS
ECONOMIC GROWTH
ECONOMIC INSECURITY
ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE
ECONOMIC SECURITY
EMERGENCY ASSISTANCE
EMERGENCY SITUATIONS
EMPLOYMENT STATUS
ESTIMATES OF POVERTY
ESTIMATION RESULTS
EXCHANGE RATE
EXPLANATORY VARIABLES
FARM ASSETS
FARM HOUSEHOLDS
FARM LABOR
FARM PRODUCTION
FARM WORK
FARMER
FARMERS
FINANCIAL CRISIS
FOOD AID
FOOD BASKET
FOOD CROPS
FOOD EXPENDITURES
FOOD INSECURITY
FOOD ITEMS
FOOD NEEDS
FOOD PRICE
FOOD PROGRAM
GEOGRAPHIC REGIONS
GINI INDEX
GROWTH RATES
HIGH POVERTY REGIONS
HOUSEHOLD BUDGET
HOUSEHOLD COMPOSITION
HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION
HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITY
HOUSEHOLD HEAD
HOUSEHOLD HEADS
HOUSEHOLD INCOME
HOUSEHOLD INCOME DIVERSIFICATION
HOUSEHOLD LEVEL
HOUSEHOLD POVERTY
HOUSEHOLD SURVEY
HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS
HOUSEHOLD WELFARE
HOUSING
HUMAN ASSETS
HUMAN CAPITAL
IMPACT OF SHOCKS
INCIDENCE OF POVERTY
INCOME
INCOME INEQUALITY
INCOME POVERTY
INCOME REDISTRIBUTION
INCOME SHOCK
INCOME SHORTFALL
INCOME SUPPORT
INCOME VOLATILITY
INCREASED INVESTMENT
INEQUALITY
INEQUALITY REDUCTION
INSURANCE
IRRIGATION
IRRIGATION EXPANSION
IRRIGATION INFRASTRUCTURE
LABOR FORCE
LAND MANAGEMENT
LAND SIZE
LEVELS OF VULNERABILITY
LIVESTOCK INCOME
LIVESTOCK PRODUCERS
LIVING CONDITIONS
LIVING STANDARDS
MALNUTRITION
MEASUREMENT OF POVERTY
MUTUAL INSURANCE
NATIONAL POVERTY
NATIONAL POVERTY HEADCOUNT
NEGATIVE IMPACT
NEGATIVE INCOME SHOCK
NUTRITION
NUTRITIONAL STATUS
PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION
PER CAPITA EXPENDITURE
PER CAPITA GROWTH
POLICY MAKERS
POLITICAL STABILITY
POOR
POOR AREAS
POOR GROUPS
POOR HOUSEHOLDS
POOR PEOPLE
POOR REGION
POST HARVEST
POST HARVEST LOSSES
POVERTY ASSESSMENT
POVERTY ESTIMATES
POVERTY GAP
POVERTY GAP INDEX
POVERTY HEAD
POVERTY INCIDENCE
POVERTY INDICATORS
POVERTY LEVELS
POVERTY LINE
POVERTY LINES
POVERTY MEASURES
POVERTY OUTCOMES
POVERTY RATE
POVERTY RATES
POVERTY REDUCTION
POVERTY REGIONS
POVERTY STATUS
PRO POOR
PRO POOR GROWTH
PUBLIC SECTOR
PUBLIC SERVICES
PURCHASING POWER
RATIONS
REDUCTION IN POVERTY
REDUCTION OF POVERTY
REGIONAL CAPITALS
REGIONAL MARKET
REGIONAL POPULATION
REGIONAL POVERTY
REGIONAL SHARE
RURAL
RURAL AREAS
RURAL DEVELOPMENT
RURAL DIET
RURAL DIFFERENCES
RURAL FARM
RURAL HOUSEHOLD
RURAL HOUSEHOLDS
RURAL INCOME
RURAL INCOMES
RURAL POPULATION
RURAL POPULATIONS
RURAL POVERTY
RURAL PRODUCERS
RURAL REGION
RURAL RESIDENCE
SAFETY NET
SAFETY NET PROGRAMS
SAFETY NET SYSTEM
SCHOOL ATTENDANCE
SCHOOL FEEDING
SCHOOL QUALITY
SCHOOLING
SECOND ROUND EFFECTS
SECTORAL COMPOSITION
SEED CERTIFICATION
SERVICE PROVIDERS
SOCIAL NORMS
SOCIAL SERVICES
SPATIAL DIFFERENCES
SPATIAL DIMENSION
SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION
SQUARED POVERTY GAP
TARGETING
TRADE OFFS
TRANSACTION COSTS
TRANSFER PROGRAMS
URBAN AREAS
VEGETABLES
WATER SOURCES
WEATHER INSURANCE
WEATHER RISK
WELFARE INDICATOR
WELFARE MEASURE
WIDESPREAD CONSENSUS
ACCESS TO EDUCATION
ACCESS TO HOUSEHOLD
AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT
AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION
AGRICULTURAL GROWTH
AGRICULTURAL INCOMES
AGRICULTURAL INPUTS
AGRICULTURAL LAND
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY
AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH
AGRICULTURAL SEASON
AGRICULTURAL SECTOR
AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGIES
ANNUAL GROWTH
ANNUAL GROWTH RATE
AVERAGE INCOME
BASIC EDUCATION
BENEFICIARIES
CALORIC INTAKE
CASH TRANSFERS
CHANGES IN POVERTY
CHILD NUTRITION
CHRONIC FOOD INSECURITY
CHRONIC POVERTY
CONSUMPTION AGGREGATE
CONSUMPTION BASKET
CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURES
CONSUMPTION PER CAPITA
COPING STRATEGIES
CORRELATES OF POVERTY
COVARIATE SHOCKS
CROP INCOME
CROP PRODUCTION
DATA SETS
DETERMINANTS OF POVERTY
DEVELOPMENT GOALS
DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS
DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY
DIMENSIONS OF POVERTY
DOMESTIC GRAIN PRODUCTION
DONOR SUPPORT
DROUGHT
DURABLE GOODS
ECONOMIC GROWTH
ECONOMIC INSECURITY
ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE
ECONOMIC SECURITY
EMERGENCY ASSISTANCE
EMERGENCY SITUATIONS
EMPLOYMENT STATUS
ESTIMATES OF POVERTY
ESTIMATION RESULTS
EXCHANGE RATE
EXPLANATORY VARIABLES
FARM ASSETS
FARM HOUSEHOLDS
FARM LABOR
FARM PRODUCTION
FARM WORK
FARMER
FARMERS
FINANCIAL CRISIS
FOOD AID
FOOD BASKET
FOOD CROPS
FOOD EXPENDITURES
FOOD INSECURITY
FOOD ITEMS
FOOD NEEDS
FOOD PRICE
FOOD PROGRAM
GEOGRAPHIC REGIONS
GINI INDEX
GROWTH RATES
HIGH POVERTY REGIONS
HOUSEHOLD BUDGET
HOUSEHOLD COMPOSITION
HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION
HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITY
HOUSEHOLD HEAD
HOUSEHOLD HEADS
HOUSEHOLD INCOME
HOUSEHOLD INCOME DIVERSIFICATION
HOUSEHOLD LEVEL
HOUSEHOLD POVERTY
HOUSEHOLD SURVEY
HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS
HOUSEHOLD WELFARE
HOUSING
HUMAN ASSETS
HUMAN CAPITAL
IMPACT OF SHOCKS
INCIDENCE OF POVERTY
INCOME
INCOME INEQUALITY
INCOME POVERTY
INCOME REDISTRIBUTION
INCOME SHOCK
INCOME SHORTFALL
INCOME SUPPORT
INCOME VOLATILITY
INCREASED INVESTMENT
INEQUALITY
INEQUALITY REDUCTION
INSURANCE
IRRIGATION
IRRIGATION EXPANSION
IRRIGATION INFRASTRUCTURE
LABOR FORCE
LAND MANAGEMENT
LAND SIZE
LEVELS OF VULNERABILITY
LIVESTOCK INCOME
LIVESTOCK PRODUCERS
LIVING CONDITIONS
LIVING STANDARDS
MALNUTRITION
MEASUREMENT OF POVERTY
MUTUAL INSURANCE
NATIONAL POVERTY
NATIONAL POVERTY HEADCOUNT
NEGATIVE IMPACT
NEGATIVE INCOME SHOCK
NUTRITION
NUTRITIONAL STATUS
PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION
PER CAPITA EXPENDITURE
PER CAPITA GROWTH
POLICY MAKERS
POLITICAL STABILITY
POOR
POOR AREAS
POOR GROUPS
POOR HOUSEHOLDS
POOR PEOPLE
POOR REGION
POST HARVEST
POST HARVEST LOSSES
POVERTY ASSESSMENT
POVERTY ESTIMATES
POVERTY GAP
POVERTY GAP INDEX
POVERTY HEAD
POVERTY INCIDENCE
POVERTY INDICATORS
POVERTY LEVELS
POVERTY LINE
POVERTY LINES
POVERTY MEASURES
POVERTY OUTCOMES
POVERTY RATE
POVERTY RATES
POVERTY REDUCTION
POVERTY REGIONS
POVERTY STATUS
PRO POOR
PRO POOR GROWTH
PUBLIC SECTOR
PUBLIC SERVICES
PURCHASING POWER
RATIONS
REDUCTION IN POVERTY
REDUCTION OF POVERTY
REGIONAL CAPITALS
REGIONAL MARKET
REGIONAL POPULATION
REGIONAL POVERTY
REGIONAL SHARE
RURAL
RURAL AREAS
RURAL DEVELOPMENT
RURAL DIET
RURAL DIFFERENCES
RURAL FARM
RURAL HOUSEHOLD
RURAL HOUSEHOLDS
RURAL INCOME
RURAL INCOMES
RURAL POPULATION
RURAL POPULATIONS
RURAL POVERTY
RURAL PRODUCERS
RURAL REGION
RURAL RESIDENCE
SAFETY NET
SAFETY NET PROGRAMS
SAFETY NET SYSTEM
SCHOOL ATTENDANCE
SCHOOL FEEDING
SCHOOL QUALITY
SCHOOLING
SECOND ROUND EFFECTS
SECTORAL COMPOSITION
SEED CERTIFICATION
SERVICE PROVIDERS
SOCIAL NORMS
SOCIAL SERVICES
SPATIAL DIFFERENCES
SPATIAL DIMENSION
SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION
SQUARED POVERTY GAP
TARGETING
TRADE OFFS
TRANSACTION COSTS
TRANSFER PROGRAMS
URBAN AREAS
VEGETABLES
WATER SOURCES
WEATHER INSURANCE
WEATHER RISK
WELFARE INDICATOR
WELFARE MEASURE
WIDESPREAD CONSENSUS
World Bank
Niger : Investing for Prosperity - A Poverty Assessment
description This report examines poverty trends and distribution of the poor in this larger context, paying particular attention to the most recent past. The report contributes to our understanding of the progress made in combating poverty in three ways. First, it updates our knowledge of poverty outcomes by examining the trends in poverty and vulnerability, as well as the profile and distribution of the poor and vulnerable across the country. Second it looks at the most common shocks, and their scale and influence on the welfare of the population. Third, it highlights the progress the country has made in improving opportunities for acquiring human capital and increasing incomes in rural areas. In this respect the report examines changes in access to education and health and improvements in productivity and income in small holder agriculture. It also explores the potential impact of public investments in agriculture. The report finds that, the biggest achievement in the last decade has been the substantive improvement in opportunities to acquire human capital.
topic_facet ACCESS TO EDUCATION
ACCESS TO HOUSEHOLD
AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT
AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION
AGRICULTURAL GROWTH
AGRICULTURAL INCOMES
AGRICULTURAL INPUTS
AGRICULTURAL LAND
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY
AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH
AGRICULTURAL SEASON
AGRICULTURAL SECTOR
AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGIES
ANNUAL GROWTH
ANNUAL GROWTH RATE
AVERAGE INCOME
BASIC EDUCATION
BENEFICIARIES
CALORIC INTAKE
CASH TRANSFERS
CHANGES IN POVERTY
CHILD NUTRITION
CHRONIC FOOD INSECURITY
CHRONIC POVERTY
CONSUMPTION AGGREGATE
CONSUMPTION BASKET
CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURES
CONSUMPTION PER CAPITA
COPING STRATEGIES
CORRELATES OF POVERTY
COVARIATE SHOCKS
CROP INCOME
CROP PRODUCTION
DATA SETS
DETERMINANTS OF POVERTY
DEVELOPMENT GOALS
DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS
DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY
DIMENSIONS OF POVERTY
DOMESTIC GRAIN PRODUCTION
DONOR SUPPORT
DROUGHT
DURABLE GOODS
ECONOMIC GROWTH
ECONOMIC INSECURITY
ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE
ECONOMIC SECURITY
EMERGENCY ASSISTANCE
EMERGENCY SITUATIONS
EMPLOYMENT STATUS
ESTIMATES OF POVERTY
ESTIMATION RESULTS
EXCHANGE RATE
EXPLANATORY VARIABLES
FARM ASSETS
FARM HOUSEHOLDS
FARM LABOR
FARM PRODUCTION
FARM WORK
FARMER
FARMERS
FINANCIAL CRISIS
FOOD AID
FOOD BASKET
FOOD CROPS
FOOD EXPENDITURES
FOOD INSECURITY
FOOD ITEMS
FOOD NEEDS
FOOD PRICE
FOOD PROGRAM
GEOGRAPHIC REGIONS
GINI INDEX
GROWTH RATES
HIGH POVERTY REGIONS
HOUSEHOLD BUDGET
HOUSEHOLD COMPOSITION
HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION
HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITY
HOUSEHOLD HEAD
HOUSEHOLD HEADS
HOUSEHOLD INCOME
HOUSEHOLD INCOME DIVERSIFICATION
HOUSEHOLD LEVEL
HOUSEHOLD POVERTY
HOUSEHOLD SURVEY
HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS
HOUSEHOLD WELFARE
HOUSING
HUMAN ASSETS
HUMAN CAPITAL
IMPACT OF SHOCKS
INCIDENCE OF POVERTY
INCOME
INCOME INEQUALITY
INCOME POVERTY
INCOME REDISTRIBUTION
INCOME SHOCK
INCOME SHORTFALL
INCOME SUPPORT
INCOME VOLATILITY
INCREASED INVESTMENT
INEQUALITY
INEQUALITY REDUCTION
INSURANCE
IRRIGATION
IRRIGATION EXPANSION
IRRIGATION INFRASTRUCTURE
LABOR FORCE
LAND MANAGEMENT
LAND SIZE
LEVELS OF VULNERABILITY
LIVESTOCK INCOME
LIVESTOCK PRODUCERS
LIVING CONDITIONS
LIVING STANDARDS
MALNUTRITION
MEASUREMENT OF POVERTY
MUTUAL INSURANCE
NATIONAL POVERTY
NATIONAL POVERTY HEADCOUNT
NEGATIVE IMPACT
NEGATIVE INCOME SHOCK
NUTRITION
NUTRITIONAL STATUS
PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION
PER CAPITA EXPENDITURE
PER CAPITA GROWTH
POLICY MAKERS
POLITICAL STABILITY
POOR
POOR AREAS
POOR GROUPS
POOR HOUSEHOLDS
POOR PEOPLE
POOR REGION
POST HARVEST
POST HARVEST LOSSES
POVERTY ASSESSMENT
POVERTY ESTIMATES
POVERTY GAP
POVERTY GAP INDEX
POVERTY HEAD
POVERTY INCIDENCE
POVERTY INDICATORS
POVERTY LEVELS
POVERTY LINE
POVERTY LINES
POVERTY MEASURES
POVERTY OUTCOMES
POVERTY RATE
POVERTY RATES
POVERTY REDUCTION
POVERTY REGIONS
POVERTY STATUS
PRO POOR
PRO POOR GROWTH
PUBLIC SECTOR
PUBLIC SERVICES
PURCHASING POWER
RATIONS
REDUCTION IN POVERTY
REDUCTION OF POVERTY
REGIONAL CAPITALS
REGIONAL MARKET
REGIONAL POPULATION
REGIONAL POVERTY
REGIONAL SHARE
RURAL
RURAL AREAS
RURAL DEVELOPMENT
RURAL DIET
RURAL DIFFERENCES
RURAL FARM
RURAL HOUSEHOLD
RURAL HOUSEHOLDS
RURAL INCOME
RURAL INCOMES
RURAL POPULATION
RURAL POPULATIONS
RURAL POVERTY
RURAL PRODUCERS
RURAL REGION
RURAL RESIDENCE
SAFETY NET
SAFETY NET PROGRAMS
SAFETY NET SYSTEM
SCHOOL ATTENDANCE
SCHOOL FEEDING
SCHOOL QUALITY
SCHOOLING
SECOND ROUND EFFECTS
SECTORAL COMPOSITION
SEED CERTIFICATION
SERVICE PROVIDERS
SOCIAL NORMS
SOCIAL SERVICES
SPATIAL DIFFERENCES
SPATIAL DIMENSION
SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION
SQUARED POVERTY GAP
TARGETING
TRADE OFFS
TRANSACTION COSTS
TRANSFER PROGRAMS
URBAN AREAS
VEGETABLES
WATER SOURCES
WEATHER INSURANCE
WEATHER RISK
WELFARE INDICATOR
WELFARE MEASURE
WIDESPREAD CONSENSUS
author World Bank
author_facet World Bank
author_sort World Bank
title Niger : Investing for Prosperity - A Poverty Assessment
title_short Niger : Investing for Prosperity - A Poverty Assessment
title_full Niger : Investing for Prosperity - A Poverty Assessment
title_fullStr Niger : Investing for Prosperity - A Poverty Assessment
title_full_unstemmed Niger : Investing for Prosperity - A Poverty Assessment
title_sort niger : investing for prosperity - a poverty assessment
publisher Washington, DC
publishDate 2012-10
url http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2012/10/17081813/niger-investing-prosperity-poverty-assessment
https://hdl.handle.net/10986/12312
work_keys_str_mv AT worldbank nigerinvestingforprosperityapovertyassessment
AT worldbank nigerinvestirpourlaprosperiteevaluationdelapauvreteauniger
_version_ 1807159029005287424
spelling dig-okr-10986123122024-08-08T14:48:58Z Niger : Investing for Prosperity - A Poverty Assessment NIGER: Investir pour la prospérité - Evaluation de la pauvreté au Niger World Bank ACCESS TO EDUCATION ACCESS TO HOUSEHOLD AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION AGRICULTURAL GROWTH AGRICULTURAL INCOMES AGRICULTURAL INPUTS AGRICULTURAL LAND AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH AGRICULTURAL SEASON AGRICULTURAL SECTOR AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGIES ANNUAL GROWTH ANNUAL GROWTH RATE AVERAGE INCOME BASIC EDUCATION BENEFICIARIES CALORIC INTAKE CASH TRANSFERS CHANGES IN POVERTY CHILD NUTRITION CHRONIC FOOD INSECURITY CHRONIC POVERTY CONSUMPTION AGGREGATE CONSUMPTION BASKET CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURES CONSUMPTION PER CAPITA COPING STRATEGIES CORRELATES OF POVERTY COVARIATE SHOCKS CROP INCOME CROP PRODUCTION DATA SETS DETERMINANTS OF POVERTY DEVELOPMENT GOALS DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY DIMENSIONS OF POVERTY DOMESTIC GRAIN PRODUCTION DONOR SUPPORT DROUGHT DURABLE GOODS ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC INSECURITY ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE ECONOMIC SECURITY EMERGENCY ASSISTANCE EMERGENCY SITUATIONS EMPLOYMENT STATUS ESTIMATES OF POVERTY ESTIMATION RESULTS EXCHANGE RATE EXPLANATORY VARIABLES FARM ASSETS FARM HOUSEHOLDS FARM LABOR FARM PRODUCTION FARM WORK FARMER FARMERS FINANCIAL CRISIS FOOD AID FOOD BASKET FOOD CROPS FOOD EXPENDITURES FOOD INSECURITY FOOD ITEMS FOOD NEEDS FOOD PRICE FOOD PROGRAM GEOGRAPHIC REGIONS GINI INDEX GROWTH RATES HIGH POVERTY REGIONS HOUSEHOLD BUDGET HOUSEHOLD COMPOSITION HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITY HOUSEHOLD HEAD HOUSEHOLD HEADS HOUSEHOLD INCOME HOUSEHOLD INCOME DIVERSIFICATION HOUSEHOLD LEVEL HOUSEHOLD POVERTY HOUSEHOLD SURVEY HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS HOUSEHOLD WELFARE HOUSING HUMAN ASSETS HUMAN CAPITAL IMPACT OF SHOCKS INCIDENCE OF POVERTY INCOME INCOME INEQUALITY INCOME POVERTY INCOME REDISTRIBUTION INCOME SHOCK INCOME SHORTFALL INCOME SUPPORT INCOME VOLATILITY INCREASED INVESTMENT INEQUALITY INEQUALITY REDUCTION INSURANCE IRRIGATION IRRIGATION EXPANSION IRRIGATION INFRASTRUCTURE LABOR FORCE LAND MANAGEMENT LAND SIZE LEVELS OF VULNERABILITY LIVESTOCK INCOME LIVESTOCK PRODUCERS LIVING CONDITIONS LIVING STANDARDS MALNUTRITION MEASUREMENT OF POVERTY MUTUAL INSURANCE NATIONAL POVERTY NATIONAL POVERTY HEADCOUNT NEGATIVE IMPACT NEGATIVE INCOME SHOCK NUTRITION NUTRITIONAL STATUS PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION PER CAPITA EXPENDITURE PER CAPITA GROWTH POLICY MAKERS POLITICAL STABILITY POOR POOR AREAS POOR GROUPS POOR HOUSEHOLDS POOR PEOPLE POOR REGION POST HARVEST POST HARVEST LOSSES POVERTY ASSESSMENT POVERTY ESTIMATES POVERTY GAP POVERTY GAP INDEX POVERTY HEAD POVERTY INCIDENCE POVERTY INDICATORS POVERTY LEVELS POVERTY LINE POVERTY LINES POVERTY MEASURES POVERTY OUTCOMES POVERTY RATE POVERTY RATES POVERTY REDUCTION POVERTY REGIONS POVERTY STATUS PRO POOR PRO POOR GROWTH PUBLIC SECTOR PUBLIC SERVICES PURCHASING POWER RATIONS REDUCTION IN POVERTY REDUCTION OF POVERTY REGIONAL CAPITALS REGIONAL MARKET REGIONAL POPULATION REGIONAL POVERTY REGIONAL SHARE RURAL RURAL AREAS RURAL DEVELOPMENT RURAL DIET RURAL DIFFERENCES RURAL FARM RURAL HOUSEHOLD RURAL HOUSEHOLDS RURAL INCOME RURAL INCOMES RURAL POPULATION RURAL POPULATIONS RURAL POVERTY RURAL PRODUCERS RURAL REGION RURAL RESIDENCE SAFETY NET SAFETY NET PROGRAMS SAFETY NET SYSTEM SCHOOL ATTENDANCE SCHOOL FEEDING SCHOOL QUALITY SCHOOLING SECOND ROUND EFFECTS SECTORAL COMPOSITION SEED CERTIFICATION SERVICE PROVIDERS SOCIAL NORMS SOCIAL SERVICES SPATIAL DIFFERENCES SPATIAL DIMENSION SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION SQUARED POVERTY GAP TARGETING TRADE OFFS TRANSACTION COSTS TRANSFER PROGRAMS URBAN AREAS VEGETABLES WATER SOURCES WEATHER INSURANCE WEATHER RISK WELFARE INDICATOR WELFARE MEASURE WIDESPREAD CONSENSUS This report examines poverty trends and distribution of the poor in this larger context, paying particular attention to the most recent past. The report contributes to our understanding of the progress made in combating poverty in three ways. First, it updates our knowledge of poverty outcomes by examining the trends in poverty and vulnerability, as well as the profile and distribution of the poor and vulnerable across the country. Second it looks at the most common shocks, and their scale and influence on the welfare of the population. Third, it highlights the progress the country has made in improving opportunities for acquiring human capital and increasing incomes in rural areas. In this respect the report examines changes in access to education and health and improvements in productivity and income in small holder agriculture. It also explores the potential impact of public investments in agriculture. The report finds that, the biggest achievement in the last decade has been the substantive improvement in opportunities to acquire human capital. Le revenu par tête n'a pas évolué depuis près d'une décennie au Niger. Pris sur les 30 dernières années, le revenu par tête a en réalité décliné de sorte qu'en 2009, il était environ 30 % inférieur au niveau de 1980 (Figure 1). Ceci a de profondes répercussions sur le bien-être de la population. Ce rapport apporte un éclairage sur l'évolution de la pauvreté et la répartition des pauvres dans ce contexte élargi, en accordant une attention particulière à ces toutes dernières années. Il contribue à mieux nous faire cerner les progrès accomplis dans la lutte contre la pauvreté, et ce, à trois égards. En premier lieu, il met à jour nos connaissances en matière de résultats obtenus sur le front de la pauvreté en décrivant l'évolution de la pauvreté et de la vulnérabilité, ainsi que le profil et la répartition des couches pauvres et vulnérables de la population dans le pays. Ensuite il se penche sur les crises les plus courantes, leur ampleur et leurs répercussions sur le bien-être de la population. Troisièmement, il fait état des progrès accomplis par le pays pour améliorer ses chances de se constituer un capital humain et d'accroître les revenus en milieu rural. A cet égard, le rapport se penche sur les évolutions en matière d'accès à l'éducation et à la santé ainsi que sur les améliorations de la productivité et des revenus des petits exploitants agricoles. Il examine également l'impact potentiel des investissements publics dans le secteur de l'agriculture. A partir de ses conclusions, il formule de modestes recommandations sur la façon de consolider les acquis obtenus en matière de bien-être. 2013-02-11T22:51:17Z 2013-02-11T22:51:17Z 2012-10 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2012/10/17081813/niger-investing-prosperity-poverty-assessment https://hdl.handle.net/10986/12312 English en_US CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank application/pdf text/plain application/pdf text/plain Washington, DC