Romania - Functional Review : Higher Education Sector

This review provides a discussion of challenges faced by Romania as a results of reforms, policy changes, growth in enrollment, among others, and provides policy options on how to tackle them. The review focuses on the higher education sector as a whole and how it is managed as a system by the Ministry of Education, Research, Youth and Sport (MERYS). The team assessed how the system is structured, led and managed by MERYS and not how each and every university is structured, led and managed internally. Some internal issues that confront higher education institutions were, however, reviewed since they are common to so many institutions that, by reason of commonality, they deserve to be addressed so that the Ministry can develop appropriate responses. The report includes a large number of findings, conclusions and recommendations. Some of the findings and conclusions require no recommendations. They indicate that the review team is happy with what it found in specific areas and they are included in the report since the team was required to cover these areas and since the team wants to give credit where credit is due. There are other findings and conclusions, indicating areas where improvement is necessary and possible and the team is providing recommendations, but on their own, are not likely to bring about major improvement; then, there are findings and conclusions in areas where the team believes that the potential for the greatest impact lies.

Bibliographic Details

Main Author:	World Bank
Language:	English en_US
Published:	Washington, DC 2011-05-11
Subjects:	ACADEMIC AUTONOMY, ACADEMIC COMMUNITY, ACADEMIC LEARNING, ACADEMIC PARTNERSHIPS, ACADEMIC STAFF, ACADEMIC YEAR, ACCESS TO HIGHER EDUCATION, ACCREDITATION, ACTIVE PARTICIPATION, AGE COHORT, AGE GROUP, ASSESSMENT TOOLS, AUTONOMOUS UNIVERSITIES, BASIC SKILLS, BRAIN DRAIN, CAPITAL EXPENDITURES, CIVIL SOCIETY, COLLEGIATE LEARNING ASSESSMENT, COMPETENCIES, DEMAND FOR GRADUATES, DIPLOMAS, DISCIPLINES, DISTANCE LEARNING, DISTANCE LEARNING PROGRAMS, DISTANCE-LEARNING, DOCTORAL DEGREES, DOCTORAL STUDENTS, DROP OUT RATES, EDUCATION ATTAINMENT, EDUCATION SERVICES, EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT, ELEMENTS, EMPLOYMENT, EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES, EMPLOYMENT OUTCOMES, ENROLLMENT RATES, ENROLLMENT RATIO, EQUITABLE ACCESS, ETHICS, EXAM, EXAMS, EXPANDED ACCESS, EXPENDITURES, FEE-PAYING STUDENTS, FIELDS OF STUDY, FINANCIAL CONSTRAINTS, FINANCIAL RESOURCES, FOREIGN LANGUAGES, FOREIGN STUDENTS, FOREIGN STUDY, FORMAL EDUCATION, FULL ACCREDITATION, GRADUATION RATES, GROSS TERTIARY ENROLLMENT, GROWTH IN ENROLLMENT, HARD SCIENCES, HEALTH CARE, HIGH SCHOOL, HIGH SCHOOL GRADUATES, HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS, HIGHER EDUCATION, HIGHER EDUCATION ENROLLMENT, HIGHER EDUCATION FINANCE, HIGHER EDUCATION FUNDING, HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTION, HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS, HIGHER EDUCATION SECTOR, HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM, HUMAN DEVELOPMENT, HUMAN RESOURCES, INSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT, INSTRUCTION, INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS, JOB SATISFACTION, LABOR MARKET, LABOR MARKET NEEDS, LABOR MARKET PARTICIPATION, LEARNING, LEARNING OUTCOMES, LEARNING OUTCOMES ASSESSMENT, LEVEL OF EDUCATION, LEVELS OF EDUCATION, LOWER EDUCATIONAL LEVELS, LOWER LEVELS OF EDUCATION, LOWER SECONDARY, LOWER SECONDARY EDUCATION, MATHEMATICS, MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, NATIONAL QUALIFICATIONS FRAMEWORK, OCCUPATIONS, PAMPHLETS, PERFORMANCE INDICATORS, POLICY ANALYSIS, POOR PERFORMANCE, POTENTIAL BENEFITS, PRIVATE HIGHER EDUCATION, PRIVATE HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS, PRIVATE INSTITUTIONS, PRIVATE UNIVERSITIES, PROFICIENCY, PUBLIC FUNDS, QUALITY ASSURANCE, QUALITY EDUCATION, QUALITY OF EDUCATION, RATES OF RETURN, READING, RESEARCH GRANTS, RESEARCH INSTITUTES, RESEARCH LITERATURE, RESEARCH OUTPUT, RESEARCH UNIVERSITIES, RESEARCHERS, RURAL AREAS, RURAL STUDENTS, SCHOLARSHIP PROGRAM, SCHOLARSHIPS, SCHOOL LEAVERS, SCHOOLING, SCHOOLS, SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH, SCIENTISTS, SECONDARY EDUCATION, SECONDARY GRADUATES, SECONDARY SCHOOLS, SKILLED WORKFORCE, SOCIAL SCIENCE, SOCIAL SCIENCES, SPORTS, STANDARDIZED TESTS, STATE UNIVERSITIES, STUDENT LOAN, STUDENT LOAN AGENCY, STUDENT LOAN PROGRAM, STUDENT LOAN SCHEME, STUDENT LOANS, STUDENT MOBILITY, STUDENT PREPARATION, STUDY SKILLS, TEACHER, TEACHING, TEACHING SKILLS, TEACHING STAFF, TEACHING UNIVERSITIES, TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE, TECHNICAL EXPERTISE, TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT, TERTIARY EDUCATION, TERTIARY ENROLLMENT, TERTIARY GRADUATES, TERTIARY LEVEL, TERTIARY SECTOR, TUITION, TUITION FEES, UNDERGRADUATES, UNIVERSITIES, UNIVERSITY AUTONOMY, UNIVERSITY DEGREES, UNIVERSITY LEVEL, UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES, UNIVERSITY PROFESSORS, UNIVERSITY RECTORS, UPPER SECONDARY, UPPER SECONDARY EDUCATION, UPPER SECONDARY SCHOOLS, URBAN SCHOOLS, WORK EXPERIENCE, WORKERS, YOUTH,
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2011/05/17056917/romania-functional-review-higher-education-sector https://hdl.handle.net/10986/12295
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