Testing the island effect on phenotypic diversification: insights from the Hemidactylus geckos of the Socotra Archipelago
Island colonization is often assumed to trigger extreme levels of phenotypic diversification. Yet, empirical evidence suggests that it does not always so. In this study we test this hypothesis using a completely sampled mainland-island system, the arid clade of Hemidactylus, a group of geckos mainly distributed across Africa, Arabia and the Socotra Archipelago. To such purpose, we generated a new molecular phylogeny of the group on which we mapped body size and head proportions. We then explored whether island and continental taxa shared the same morphospace and differed in their disparities and tempos of evolution. Insular species produced the most extreme sizes of the radiation, involving accelerated rates of evolution and higher disparities compared with most (but not all) of the continental groups. In contrast, head proportions exhibited constant evolutionary rates across the radiation and similar disparities in islands compared with the continent. These results, although generally consistent with the notion that islands promote high morphological disparity, reveal at the same time a complex scenario in which different traits may experience different evolutionary patterns in the same mainland-island system and continental groups do not always present low levels of morphological diversification compared to insular groups.
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2016-04-13
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dig-ibe-es-10261-1527502021-12-27T16:54:09Z Testing the island effect on phenotypic diversification: insights from the Hemidactylus geckos of the Socotra Archipelago García Porta, Joan Šmíd, Jiří Sol, Daniel Fasola, Mauro Carranza, Salvador Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España) European Commission Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España) Ministry of Culture (Czech Republic) National Museum (Czech Republic) Island colonization is often assumed to trigger extreme levels of phenotypic diversification. Yet, empirical evidence suggests that it does not always so. In this study we test this hypothesis using a completely sampled mainland-island system, the arid clade of Hemidactylus, a group of geckos mainly distributed across Africa, Arabia and the Socotra Archipelago. To such purpose, we generated a new molecular phylogeny of the group on which we mapped body size and head proportions. We then explored whether island and continental taxa shared the same morphospace and differed in their disparities and tempos of evolution. Insular species produced the most extreme sizes of the radiation, involving accelerated rates of evolution and higher disparities compared with most (but not all) of the continental groups. In contrast, head proportions exhibited constant evolutionary rates across the radiation and similar disparities in islands compared with the continent. These results, although generally consistent with the notion that islands promote high morphological disparity, reveal at the same time a complex scenario in which different traits may experience different evolutionary patterns in the same mainland-island system and continental groups do not always present low levels of morphological diversification compared to insular groups. This work was funded by CGL2012-36970 from the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, Spain (co-funded by FEDER). The JGP was also supported by the JAE-predoc grant of the CSIC and JS was supported by the Ministry of Culture of the Czech Republic under grant DKRVO 2016/15, National Museum, 00023272. Peer reviewed 2017-07-14T07:28:16Z 2017-07-14T07:28:16Z 2016-04-13 artículo http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 Scientific Reports 6: 23729 (2016) 2045-2322 http://hdl.handle.net/10261/152750 10.1038/srep23729 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100003329 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000780 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100003339 27071837 en Publisher's version http://doi.org/10.1038/srep23729 Sí open Nature Publishing Group |
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Island colonization is often assumed to trigger extreme levels of phenotypic diversification. Yet, empirical evidence suggests that it does not always so. In this study we test this hypothesis using a completely sampled mainland-island system, the arid clade of Hemidactylus, a group of geckos mainly distributed across Africa, Arabia and the Socotra Archipelago. To such purpose, we generated a new molecular phylogeny of the group on which we mapped body size and head proportions. We then explored whether island and continental taxa shared the same morphospace and differed in their disparities and tempos of evolution. Insular species produced the most extreme sizes of the radiation, involving accelerated rates of evolution and higher disparities compared with most (but not all) of the continental groups. In contrast, head proportions exhibited constant evolutionary rates across the radiation and similar disparities in islands compared with the continent. These results, although generally consistent with the notion that islands promote high morphological disparity, reveal at the same time a complex scenario in which different traits may experience different evolutionary patterns in the same mainland-island system and continental groups do not always present low levels of morphological diversification compared to insular groups. |
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Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España) |
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Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España) García Porta, Joan Šmíd, Jiří Sol, Daniel Fasola, Mauro Carranza, Salvador |
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García Porta, Joan Šmíd, Jiří Sol, Daniel Fasola, Mauro Carranza, Salvador |
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García Porta, Joan Šmíd, Jiří Sol, Daniel Fasola, Mauro Carranza, Salvador Testing the island effect on phenotypic diversification: insights from the Hemidactylus geckos of the Socotra Archipelago |
author_sort |
García Porta, Joan |
title |
Testing the island effect on phenotypic diversification: insights from the Hemidactylus geckos of the Socotra Archipelago |
title_short |
Testing the island effect on phenotypic diversification: insights from the Hemidactylus geckos of the Socotra Archipelago |
title_full |
Testing the island effect on phenotypic diversification: insights from the Hemidactylus geckos of the Socotra Archipelago |
title_fullStr |
Testing the island effect on phenotypic diversification: insights from the Hemidactylus geckos of the Socotra Archipelago |
title_full_unstemmed |
Testing the island effect on phenotypic diversification: insights from the Hemidactylus geckos of the Socotra Archipelago |
title_sort |
testing the island effect on phenotypic diversification: insights from the hemidactylus geckos of the socotra archipelago |
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Nature Publishing Group |
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2016-04-13 |
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http://hdl.handle.net/10261/152750 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100003329 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000780 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100003339 |
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