Artificial insemination with frozen equine semen: inflammatory reaction, sperm transport and insemination technique
This manuscript presents a brief historical review of investigations related to equine artificial insemination with frozen semen. The sperm-uterine interaction can be modified by the type of the insemination: concentration, total sperm numbers, motility/viability of sperm, volume, frequency and timing of AI. The frozen semen AI is widely used in the equine industry. The minimum recommended dose of spermatozoa has been established in 250 x 106 progressive motile sperm for uterine body insemination. However, the minimum dose required for maintaining the highest fertility for each stallion may differ greatly and therefore is determined by individual variation of intrinsic stallion fertility as well as with the insemination site. Deep intra-uterine insemination is commonly accepted as a routine procedure for AI with low doses. The number of AIs per cycles does not seem to be a factor affecting the final outcome of pregnancy as long as the last AI is performed within 12 h before and 12 h after the ovulation. Contrary to the common belief, the mare’s oocyte remains viable and fully capable of fertilization for 12-15 h, and the embryo loss rate after post-ovulatory insemination does not begin to increase until 12 h post-ovulation. Therefore, in a postovulatory insemination regime, examination of mares at intervals of any less than 12 h does not improve pregnancy or embryo loss rates.
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Sociedad de Medicina Veterinaria del Uruguay (SMVU)
2020
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Cazales Penino, Nicolás Estradé, María José Costa Matos, Rodrigo |
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Cazales Penino, Nicolás Estradé, María José Costa Matos, Rodrigo Artificial insemination with frozen equine semen: inflammatory reaction, sperm transport and insemination technique |
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Cazales Penino, Nicolás Estradé, María José Costa Matos, Rodrigo |
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Cazales Penino, Nicolás |
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Artificial insemination with frozen equine semen: inflammatory reaction, sperm transport and insemination technique |
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Artificial insemination with frozen equine semen: inflammatory reaction, sperm transport and insemination technique |
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Artificial insemination with frozen equine semen: inflammatory reaction, sperm transport and insemination technique |
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Artificial insemination with frozen equine semen: inflammatory reaction, sperm transport and insemination technique |
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Artificial insemination with frozen equine semen: inflammatory reaction, sperm transport and insemination technique |
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artificial insemination with frozen equine semen: inflammatory reaction, sperm transport and insemination technique |
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This manuscript presents a brief historical review of investigations related to equine artificial insemination with frozen semen. The sperm-uterine interaction can be modified by the type of the insemination: concentration, total sperm numbers, motility/viability of sperm, volume, frequency and timing of AI. The frozen semen AI is widely used in the equine industry. The minimum recommended dose of spermatozoa has been established in 250 x 106 progressive motile sperm for uterine body insemination. However, the minimum dose required for maintaining the highest fertility for each stallion may differ greatly and therefore is determined by individual variation of intrinsic stallion fertility as well as with the insemination site. Deep intra-uterine insemination is commonly accepted as a routine procedure for AI with low doses. The number of AIs per cycles does not seem to be a factor affecting the final outcome of pregnancy as long as the last AI is performed within 12 h before and 12 h after the ovulation. Contrary to the common belief, the mare’s oocyte remains viable and fully capable of fertilization for 12-15 h, and the embryo loss rate after post-ovulatory insemination does not begin to increase until 12 h post-ovulation. Therefore, in a postovulatory insemination regime, examination of mares at intervals of any less than 12 h does not improve pregnancy or embryo loss rates. |
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Sociedad de Medicina Veterinaria del Uruguay (SMVU) |
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2020 |
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https://www.revistasmvu.com.uy/index.php/smvu/article/view/268 |
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AT cazalespeninonicolas artificialinseminationwithfrozenequinesemeninflammatoryreactionspermtransportandinseminationtechnique AT estrademariajose artificialinseminationwithfrozenequinesemeninflammatoryreactionspermtransportandinseminationtechnique AT costamatosrodrigo artificialinseminationwithfrozenequinesemeninflammatoryreactionspermtransportandinseminationtechnique AT cazalespeninonicolas inseminacionartificialconsemencongeladoequinoreaccioninflamatoriatransporteespermaticoytecnicadeinseminacion AT estrademariajose inseminacionartificialconsemencongeladoequinoreaccioninflamatoriatransporteespermaticoytecnicadeinseminacion AT costamatosrodrigo inseminacionartificialconsemencongeladoequinoreaccioninflamatoriatransporteespermaticoytecnicadeinseminacion |
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rev-smvu-uy-article-2682021-04-07T13:39:03Z Artificial insemination with frozen equine semen: inflammatory reaction, sperm transport and insemination technique Inseminación artificial con semen congelado equino: reacción inflamatoria, transporte espermático y técnica de inseminación Cazales Penino, Nicolás Estradé, María José Costa Matos, Rodrigo Dosis bajas Inseminacion profunda Semen congelado PMNs Estrato compacto Estrato esponjoso Low dose insemination Deep-horn insemination Frozen semen PMNs Stratum compactum Stratum spongiosum This manuscript presents a brief historical review of investigations related to equine artificial insemination with frozen semen. The sperm-uterine interaction can be modified by the type of the insemination: concentration, total sperm numbers, motility/viability of sperm, volume, frequency and timing of AI. The frozen semen AI is widely used in the equine industry. The minimum recommended dose of spermatozoa has been established in 250 x 106 progressive motile sperm for uterine body insemination. However, the minimum dose required for maintaining the highest fertility for each stallion may differ greatly and therefore is determined by individual variation of intrinsic stallion fertility as well as with the insemination site. Deep intra-uterine insemination is commonly accepted as a routine procedure for AI with low doses. The number of AIs per cycles does not seem to be a factor affecting the final outcome of pregnancy as long as the last AI is performed within 12 h before and 12 h after the ovulation. Contrary to the common belief, the mare’s oocyte remains viable and fully capable of fertilization for 12-15 h, and the embryo loss rate after post-ovulatory insemination does not begin to increase until 12 h post-ovulation. Therefore, in a postovulatory insemination regime, examination of mares at intervals of any less than 12 h does not improve pregnancy or embryo loss rates. Este manuscrito presenta una breve revisión histórica de investigaciones relacionadas a la inseminación artificial (IA) con semen congelado equino. La interacción entre los espermatozoides y el útero puede ser modificada por el tipo de IA: concentración espermática, número total de espermatozoides, motilidad/viabilidad espermática, volumen, frecuencia y momento de inseminación. La IA con semen congelado ha ganado popularidad entre los propietarios y veterinarios que trabajan con equinos. La dosis mínima recomendada para la IA convencional en el cuerpo del útero con semen congelado ha sido establecida en 250 x 106 de espermatozoides con motilidad progresiva. Sin embargo, la dosis mínima requerida para mantener buenos índices de preñez parece depender de la fertilidad intrínseca de cada padrillo, así como del sitio de inseminación. La inseminación profunda en la punta del cuerno es un procedimiento de rutina entre los veterinarios de campo cuando se utiliza dosis de inseminación baja. Por otro lado, el número de inseminaciones por ciclo parecería no afectar los índices de preñez siempre y cuando la última inseminación sea realizada en la ventana de tiempo entre 12 h antes o 12 h después de la ovulación. Contrario a lo que se creía, el ovocito permanece viable y con plena capacidad de ser fertilizado por 12 a 15 h pos- ovulación, no habiendo un aumento en las tasas de perdidas embrionarias hasta pasadas las 12 horas pos-ovulación. Por lo que en inseminaciones pos-ovulatorias no habría ninguna ventaja en revisar las yeguas en intervalos menores a 12 horas, ya que no parecería mejorar los índices de preñez ni de pérdida embrionaria. Sociedad de Medicina Veterinaria del Uruguay (SMVU) 2020-08-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Submitted by the author(s) or by invitation of the Editorial Board. Enviados por el/los autores o por invitación del Consejo Editor. Submetido pelo(s) autor(es) ou a convite do Conselho Editorial. application/pdf https://www.revistasmvu.com.uy/index.php/smvu/article/view/268 10.29155/VET.56.214.2 Veterinaria (Montevideo); Vol. 56 No. 214 (2020): July - December 2020; e20205621402 Veterinaria (Montevideo); Vol. 56 Núm. 214 (2020): Julio - Diciembre 2020; e20205621402 Veterinaria (Montevideo); v. 56 n. 214 (2020): Julho - Dezembro 2020; e20205621402 1688-4809 0376-4362 spa https://www.revistasmvu.com.uy/index.php/smvu/article/view/268/360 Derechos de autor 2020 Sociedad de Medicina Veterinaria del Uruguay |