Adventitial Collagen Cross-Linking by Glutaraldehyde Reinforcing Human Saphenous Vein - Implication for Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting
ABSTRACT Introduction: A weak venous wall is one of the major reasons contributing to vein graft failure after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). We investigated whether adventitial collagen cross-linking by glutaraldehyde reinforces venous wall, preserving the endothelium of veins during high-pressure distention. Methods: Human saphenous veins (SVs) were collected from 40 patients undergoing CABG, and adventitia cross-linking was performed with 0.3% glutaraldehyde for five minutes. The cross-linked SVs were accessed by biodegradation assay, immunofluorescent staining, and tensile test. Native SVs and cross-linked SVs from another 20 patients received the 200 mmHg pressure distention for two minutes. Pressure-induced injury of SVs were accessed by immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy. Results: Time to digestion was 97±13 minutes for native SVs and 720±0 minutes for cross-linked SVs (P<0.05). After adventitial cross-linking, the collagen I fibres of the vein remarkably presented with compact and nonporous arrangement. In the high-stretch region (stretch ratio 1.4-1.8), the Young’s elastic modulus of stress-stretch ratio curve in cross-linked SVs was larger than that in native SVs (13.88 vs. 5.83, P<0.05). The cross-linked SVs had a lower extent of endothelial denudation without fibre fracture during high-pressure distension than native SVs. Comparing with the non-cross-linked SVs, the percentage of endothelial nitric oxide synthase staining length on the endothelium of cross-linked SVs was significantly preserved after high-pressure distension (85.2% vs. 64.7%, P<0.05). Conclusion: Adventitial collagen cross-linking by glutaraldehyde reinforced venous wall by increasing stiffness and decreasing extensibility of SVs and mitigated the endothelial damage under high-pressure distension.
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Sociedade Brasileira de Cirurgia Cardiovascular
2022
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oai:scielo:S0102-763820220004004392022-08-18Adventitial Collagen Cross-Linking by Glutaraldehyde Reinforcing Human Saphenous Vein - Implication for Coronary Artery Bypass GraftingLiu,ChangchengChen,DuanduanLi,ZhenfengXu,HuanmingGu,Chengxiong Saphenous Vein Cross-Linking Preservation Biological Elastic Modulus Staining and Labeling Collagen Endothelium Coronary Artery Bypass Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III. ABSTRACT Introduction: A weak venous wall is one of the major reasons contributing to vein graft failure after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). We investigated whether adventitial collagen cross-linking by glutaraldehyde reinforces venous wall, preserving the endothelium of veins during high-pressure distention. Methods: Human saphenous veins (SVs) were collected from 40 patients undergoing CABG, and adventitia cross-linking was performed with 0.3% glutaraldehyde for five minutes. The cross-linked SVs were accessed by biodegradation assay, immunofluorescent staining, and tensile test. Native SVs and cross-linked SVs from another 20 patients received the 200 mmHg pressure distention for two minutes. Pressure-induced injury of SVs were accessed by immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy. Results: Time to digestion was 97±13 minutes for native SVs and 720±0 minutes for cross-linked SVs (P<0.05). After adventitial cross-linking, the collagen I fibres of the vein remarkably presented with compact and nonporous arrangement. In the high-stretch region (stretch ratio 1.4-1.8), the Young’s elastic modulus of stress-stretch ratio curve in cross-linked SVs was larger than that in native SVs (13.88 vs. 5.83, P<0.05). The cross-linked SVs had a lower extent of endothelial denudation without fibre fracture during high-pressure distension than native SVs. Comparing with the non-cross-linked SVs, the percentage of endothelial nitric oxide synthase staining length on the endothelium of cross-linked SVs was significantly preserved after high-pressure distension (85.2% vs. 64.7%, P<0.05). Conclusion: Adventitial collagen cross-linking by glutaraldehyde reinforced venous wall by increasing stiffness and decreasing extensibility of SVs and mitigated the endothelial damage under high-pressure distension.info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessSociedade Brasileira de Cirurgia CardiovascularBrazilian Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery v.37 n.4 20222022-08-01info:eu-repo/semantics/articletext/htmlhttp://old.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-76382022000400439en10.21470/1678-9741-2020-0587 |
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Liu,Changcheng Chen,Duanduan Li,Zhenfeng Xu,Huanming Gu,Chengxiong |
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Liu,Changcheng Chen,Duanduan Li,Zhenfeng Xu,Huanming Gu,Chengxiong Adventitial Collagen Cross-Linking by Glutaraldehyde Reinforcing Human Saphenous Vein - Implication for Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting |
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Liu,Changcheng Chen,Duanduan Li,Zhenfeng Xu,Huanming Gu,Chengxiong |
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Liu,Changcheng |
title |
Adventitial Collagen Cross-Linking by Glutaraldehyde Reinforcing Human Saphenous Vein - Implication for Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting |
title_short |
Adventitial Collagen Cross-Linking by Glutaraldehyde Reinforcing Human Saphenous Vein - Implication for Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting |
title_full |
Adventitial Collagen Cross-Linking by Glutaraldehyde Reinforcing Human Saphenous Vein - Implication for Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting |
title_fullStr |
Adventitial Collagen Cross-Linking by Glutaraldehyde Reinforcing Human Saphenous Vein - Implication for Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting |
title_full_unstemmed |
Adventitial Collagen Cross-Linking by Glutaraldehyde Reinforcing Human Saphenous Vein - Implication for Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting |
title_sort |
adventitial collagen cross-linking by glutaraldehyde reinforcing human saphenous vein - implication for coronary artery bypass grafting |
description |
ABSTRACT Introduction: A weak venous wall is one of the major reasons contributing to vein graft failure after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). We investigated whether adventitial collagen cross-linking by glutaraldehyde reinforces venous wall, preserving the endothelium of veins during high-pressure distention. Methods: Human saphenous veins (SVs) were collected from 40 patients undergoing CABG, and adventitia cross-linking was performed with 0.3% glutaraldehyde for five minutes. The cross-linked SVs were accessed by biodegradation assay, immunofluorescent staining, and tensile test. Native SVs and cross-linked SVs from another 20 patients received the 200 mmHg pressure distention for two minutes. Pressure-induced injury of SVs were accessed by immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy. Results: Time to digestion was 97±13 minutes for native SVs and 720±0 minutes for cross-linked SVs (P<0.05). After adventitial cross-linking, the collagen I fibres of the vein remarkably presented with compact and nonporous arrangement. In the high-stretch region (stretch ratio 1.4-1.8), the Young’s elastic modulus of stress-stretch ratio curve in cross-linked SVs was larger than that in native SVs (13.88 vs. 5.83, P<0.05). The cross-linked SVs had a lower extent of endothelial denudation without fibre fracture during high-pressure distension than native SVs. Comparing with the non-cross-linked SVs, the percentage of endothelial nitric oxide synthase staining length on the endothelium of cross-linked SVs was significantly preserved after high-pressure distension (85.2% vs. 64.7%, P<0.05). Conclusion: Adventitial collagen cross-linking by glutaraldehyde reinforced venous wall by increasing stiffness and decreasing extensibility of SVs and mitigated the endothelial damage under high-pressure distension. |
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Sociedade Brasileira de Cirurgia Cardiovascular |
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2022 |
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http://old.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-76382022000400439 |
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