Transcriptomic signature of fasting in human adipose tissue

Little is known about the impact of fasting on gene regulation in human adipose tissue. Accordingly, the objective of this study was to investigate the effects of fasting on adipose tissue gene expression in humans. To that end, subcutaneous adipose tissue biopsies were collected from volunteers 2h and 26h after consumption of a standardized meal. For comparison, epididymal adipose tissue was collected from C57Bl/6J mice after a 16h fast and in the ab-libitum fed state. Transcriptome analysis was carried out using Affymetrix microarrays. We found that, 1) fasting downregulated numerous metabolic pathways in human adipose tissue, including triglyceride and fatty acid synthesis, glycolysis and glycogen synthesis, TCA cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, mitochondrial translation, and insulin signaling; 2) fasting downregulated genes involved in proteasomal degradation in human adipose tissue; 3) fasting had much less pronounced effects on the adipose tissue transcriptome in humans than mi ce; 4) although major overlap in fasting-induced gene regulation was observed between human and mouse adipose tissue, many genes were differentially regulated in the two species, including genes involved in insulin signaling (PRKAG2, PFKFB3), PPAR signaling (PPARG, ACSL1, HMGCS2, SLC22A5, ACOT1), glycogen metabolism (PCK1, PYGB), and lipid droplets (PLIN1, PNPLA2, CIDEA, CIDEC). In conclusion, although numerous genes and pathways are regulated similarly by fasting in human and mouse adipose tissue, many genes show very distinct responses to fasting in humans and mice. Our data provide a useful resource to study adipose tissue function during fasting. Overall design: Microarray analysis was performed on subcutaneous adipose tissue biopsies from the periumbilical area under local anesthesia, two hours after consumption of a standard meal (fed state), and twenty-four hours later and thus 26 hours after consumption of the standard meal (fasted state): Twenty-four healthy volunteers aged 40-70 years with a BMI of 22-30 kg/m2 were included in the FASTING study. At the start of the study the volunteers consumed a standardized meal until full (ad libitum), consisting of 22 energy% protein, 24 energy% fat, 51 energy% carbohydrate and 476 kJ per 100 gram. After consumption of the standardized meal subjects were not allowed to eat but could drink water for the next 26 hours. Two hours after consumption of the meal, blood samples were taken and a subcutaneous adipose tissue biopsy was collected representing the fed state. Twenty-four hours later and thus 26 hours after consumption of the meal, a second blood sample and subcutaneous adipose tissue biopsy was collected, representing the fasting state. The subcutaneous adipose tissue samples were obtained by needle biopsy from the periumbilical area under local anesthesia.

Bibliographic Details

Main Authors:	Defour, Merel, Michielsen, Charlotte C.J.R., O'Donovan, Shauna, Afman, Lydia A., Kersten, Sander
Format:	Dataset biblioteca
Published:	Wageningen University & Research
Subjects:	Homo sapiens,
Online Access:	https://research.wur.nl/en/datasets/transcriptomic-signature-of-fasting-in-human-adipose-tissue
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