Gendered Impacts of Climate Change
Climate change is one of the defining challenges of our time. While the impacts of climate change on people’s well-being can hardly be denied, it may not be as obvious that the impacts could differ by gender. However, as the COVID-19 pandemic has shown, a shock can impact men and women differently due to social norms and pre-existing gender differences. This paper reviews the economic literature linking weather shocks (such as floods, droughts, and extreme temperatures, among others) and a large range of outcomes (from endowments to economic opportunities and agency). Men and women indeed have specific vulnerabilities and exposures. Specific physiological vulnerabilities are relatively minor: boys are more vulnerable to shocks in utero and girls and women to heat. The biggest gendered impacts are due to existing gaps and social responses to shocks. In places with strong boy preferences, families facing scarcity due to disasters are more likely to give food and other resources to boys, take their daughters out of school or marry them young, or withdraw women from agricultural work so they focus on household chores. During or after weather shocks, boys can also be taken out of schools to be put at work and men working in agriculture are often forced to migrate to find alternative sources of income. Unless climate policy acknowledges and accounts for these differences, climate change will remain an amplifier of existing gender inequalities.
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Format: | Working Paper biblioteca |
Language: | English English |
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World Bank, Washington, DC
2023-05-16
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Subjects: | CLIMATE CHANGE, GENDER AND CLIMATE CHANGE, HEALTH EFFECTS OF WEATHER SHOCKS, GENDERED EDUCATIONAL IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE, GENDERED NORMS AND CLIMATE CHANGE, CLIMATE SHOCKS AND LIVELIHOODS, WOMEN'S AGENCY, GENDERED VULNERABILITY TO WEATHER SHOCK, |
Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/099342305102324997/IDU0ba259bd2039ca04fa20b87a0893bb487e014 https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/39813 |
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dig-okr-10986398132024-03-11T19:23:52Z Gendered Impacts of Climate Change Evidence from Weather Shocks Fruttero, Anna Halim, Daniel Broccolini, Chiara Coelho, Bernardo Gninafon, Horace Muller, Noël CLIMATE CHANGE GENDER AND CLIMATE CHANGE HEALTH EFFECTS OF WEATHER SHOCKS GENDERED EDUCATIONAL IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE GENDERED NORMS AND CLIMATE CHANGE CLIMATE SHOCKS AND LIVELIHOODS WOMEN'S AGENCY GENDERED VULNERABILITY TO WEATHER SHOCK Climate change is one of the defining challenges of our time. While the impacts of climate change on people’s well-being can hardly be denied, it may not be as obvious that the impacts could differ by gender. However, as the COVID-19 pandemic has shown, a shock can impact men and women differently due to social norms and pre-existing gender differences. This paper reviews the economic literature linking weather shocks (such as floods, droughts, and extreme temperatures, among others) and a large range of outcomes (from endowments to economic opportunities and agency). Men and women indeed have specific vulnerabilities and exposures. Specific physiological vulnerabilities are relatively minor: boys are more vulnerable to shocks in utero and girls and women to heat. The biggest gendered impacts are due to existing gaps and social responses to shocks. In places with strong boy preferences, families facing scarcity due to disasters are more likely to give food and other resources to boys, take their daughters out of school or marry them young, or withdraw women from agricultural work so they focus on household chores. During or after weather shocks, boys can also be taken out of schools to be put at work and men working in agriculture are often forced to migrate to find alternative sources of income. Unless climate policy acknowledges and accounts for these differences, climate change will remain an amplifier of existing gender inequalities. 2023-05-16T14:43:28Z 2023-05-16T14:43:28Z 2023-05-16 Working Paper http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/099342305102324997/IDU0ba259bd2039ca04fa20b87a0893bb487e014 https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/39813 English en Policy Research Working Papers; 10442 CC BY 3.0 IGO https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank application/pdf text/plain World Bank, Washington, DC |
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CLIMATE CHANGE GENDER AND CLIMATE CHANGE HEALTH EFFECTS OF WEATHER SHOCKS GENDERED EDUCATIONAL IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE GENDERED NORMS AND CLIMATE CHANGE CLIMATE SHOCKS AND LIVELIHOODS WOMEN'S AGENCY GENDERED VULNERABILITY TO WEATHER SHOCK CLIMATE CHANGE GENDER AND CLIMATE CHANGE HEALTH EFFECTS OF WEATHER SHOCKS GENDERED EDUCATIONAL IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE GENDERED NORMS AND CLIMATE CHANGE CLIMATE SHOCKS AND LIVELIHOODS WOMEN'S AGENCY GENDERED VULNERABILITY TO WEATHER SHOCK |
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CLIMATE CHANGE GENDER AND CLIMATE CHANGE HEALTH EFFECTS OF WEATHER SHOCKS GENDERED EDUCATIONAL IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE GENDERED NORMS AND CLIMATE CHANGE CLIMATE SHOCKS AND LIVELIHOODS WOMEN'S AGENCY GENDERED VULNERABILITY TO WEATHER SHOCK CLIMATE CHANGE GENDER AND CLIMATE CHANGE HEALTH EFFECTS OF WEATHER SHOCKS GENDERED EDUCATIONAL IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE GENDERED NORMS AND CLIMATE CHANGE CLIMATE SHOCKS AND LIVELIHOODS WOMEN'S AGENCY GENDERED VULNERABILITY TO WEATHER SHOCK Fruttero, Anna Halim, Daniel Broccolini, Chiara Coelho, Bernardo Gninafon, Horace Muller, Noël Gendered Impacts of Climate Change |
description |
Climate change is one of the defining
challenges of our time. While the impacts of climate change
on people’s well-being can hardly be denied, it may not be
as obvious that the impacts could differ by gender. However,
as the COVID-19 pandemic has shown, a shock can impact men
and women differently due to social norms and pre-existing
gender differences. This paper reviews the economic
literature linking weather shocks (such as floods, droughts,
and extreme temperatures, among others) and a large range of
outcomes (from endowments to economic opportunities and
agency). Men and women indeed have specific vulnerabilities
and exposures. Specific physiological vulnerabilities are
relatively minor: boys are more vulnerable to shocks in
utero and girls and women to heat. The biggest gendered
impacts are due to existing gaps and social responses to
shocks. In places with strong boy preferences, families
facing scarcity due to disasters are more likely to give
food and other resources to boys, take their daughters out
of school or marry them young, or withdraw women from
agricultural work so they focus on household chores. During
or after weather shocks, boys can also be taken out of
schools to be put at work and men working in agriculture are
often forced to migrate to find alternative sources of
income. Unless climate policy acknowledges and accounts for
these differences, climate change will remain an amplifier
of existing gender inequalities. |
format |
Working Paper |
topic_facet |
CLIMATE CHANGE GENDER AND CLIMATE CHANGE HEALTH EFFECTS OF WEATHER SHOCKS GENDERED EDUCATIONAL IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE GENDERED NORMS AND CLIMATE CHANGE CLIMATE SHOCKS AND LIVELIHOODS WOMEN'S AGENCY GENDERED VULNERABILITY TO WEATHER SHOCK |
author |
Fruttero, Anna Halim, Daniel Broccolini, Chiara Coelho, Bernardo Gninafon, Horace Muller, Noël |
author_facet |
Fruttero, Anna Halim, Daniel Broccolini, Chiara Coelho, Bernardo Gninafon, Horace Muller, Noël |
author_sort |
Fruttero, Anna |
title |
Gendered Impacts of Climate Change |
title_short |
Gendered Impacts of Climate Change |
title_full |
Gendered Impacts of Climate Change |
title_fullStr |
Gendered Impacts of Climate Change |
title_full_unstemmed |
Gendered Impacts of Climate Change |
title_sort |
gendered impacts of climate change |
publisher |
World Bank, Washington, DC |
publishDate |
2023-05-16 |
url |
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/099342305102324997/IDU0ba259bd2039ca04fa20b87a0893bb487e014 https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/39813 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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_version_ |
1794797151550701568 |