How Equitable is Access to Finance in Turkey?

Access to finance is a key component of poverty reduction, as it enables individuals to make economic decisions that can improve their welfare. The equality of access among different groups in society is also crucial for correctly allocating the positive benefits of improved financial services. In Turkey, bank account, debit card, and credit card ownership, which can serve as the main indicators of access to finance, are at a remarkably high level. However, adjusting the coverage rate of these indicators by controlling for age, education, gender, an income reveals that gender is the main source of inequality in Turkey at the individual level. Despite the progress made in addressing the gender disparity in access to finance between 2011 and 2014, females in Turkey continue to be financially less included. Moreover, Turkey's low level of savings and high rate of informal borrowing compared with its peers diminish individuals' resilience to future shocks. Promisingly, Turkey has been able to improve its rate of savings significantly over the past few years, although it continues to be among the countries that save at a lower level.

Bibliographic Details

Main Authors:	Inan, Osman Kaan, Azevedo, Joao Pedro, Yang, Judy S.
Format:	Working Paper biblioteca
Language:	English en_US
Published:	World Bank, Washington, DC 2016-01
Subjects:	DEPOSIT, COUNTRY COMPARISONS, FINANCIAL SERVICES, INFORMAL BORROWING, BANK FEES, CREDIT CARDS, ECONOMIC GROWTH, DEPOSITS, PEOPLE, FINANCING, FORMAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS, PRINCIPAL, ACCOUNT OWNERSHIP, BANKING INDUSTRY, INCOME, INTEREST, INDUSTRY, EXCHANGE, BANKING SYSTEM, FINANCIAL RESOURCES, BANKING SERVICES, SERVICES, DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, BANK ACCOUNT, GENDER EQUITY, MORTGAGE, DEBIT_CARD, WORLD DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS, WELFARE, BANK_ACCESS, LOAN, DIRECT DEPOSIT, LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION, CREDIT CARD, PAYMENTS, SAVING, INTERNATIONAL BANK, LENDER, FORMAL BANKING, ACCESS TO BANKING, LABOR MARKET, VULNERABLE GROUP, LOAN PAYMENT, SAVINGS, ACCESS TO ACCOUNTS, FINANCIAL INSTITUTION, UNION, ECONOMIC DECISIONS, BANK_ACCOUNT, INTEREST RATES, SAVINGS_BANK, PAYMENT, CRITERIA, FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS, MARKETS, DEBT, LENDERS, COLLECTION SERVICES, SOCIAL PROTECTION, LOANS, LABOR, SIZES OF LOANS, EQUALIZATION, FINANCIAL SYSTEM, MONEY LENDER, DEBIT CARDS, FINANCE, BANKING SECTOR, BANKS, EQUITY, SAVINGS RATES, LOAN REPAYMENT, FORMAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTION, INDIVIDUALS WITH BANK ACCOUNTS, CAPITAL, WAGES, INSTALLMENT, FINANCIAL CRISIS, EDUCATION LEVELS, FAMILY, FUTURE, SAVINGS RATE, CREDIT_CARD, ACCESS TO FINANCE, VALUE, PENSIONS, GENDER, BANK, CREDIT, ACCESSIBILITY, UNIVERSAL ACCESS, HOUSEHOLD, REPAYMENT, EDUCATION LEVEL, INFORMAL SAVINGS, HEAD OF HOUSEHOLDS, DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS, ACCESS TO BANK ACCOUNTS, FINANCIAL ACCESS, TRANSACTION COSTS, PROPENSITY TO SAVE, FINANCIAL SERVICE, CREDIT UNION, BANK ACCOUNTS, CC, FORMAL SAVINGS, MICROFINANCE, DEMOGRAPHIC CHANGES, BANK CARD, EMPLOYER, FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT, SHARE, HOUSEHOLDS, COLLATERAL, EQUALITY, BANKING, ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY, FORMAL BORROWING, COOPERATIVES, HEAD OF HOUSEHOLD, EARNINGS, BORROWING, LENDING, INCENTIVE STRUCTURE, DEBIT CARD, ACCOUNT USAGE, FEES, DEMOGRAPHIC, WOMEN, REMITTANCES, LABOR MARKETS, GOVERNMENTS, INFORMAL FINANCING, ARREARS, INCOME GROUPS, INEQUALITY, MICROFINANCE INSTITUTION, EMPLOYEES,
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2016/01/25838801/equitable-access-finance-turkey-evidence-latest-global-findex https://hdl.handle.net/10986/23721
Tags:	Add Tag No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!