Integration of Health Systems and Priority Health, Nutrition, and Population Interventions : A Framework for Analysis and Policy Choices

A longstanding debate on health system organization relates to the benefits of integrating programs that emphasize specific interventions into mainstream health systems to increase access and improve health outcomes. This debate has long been characterized by polarization of views and ideologies, with protagonists for and against integration arguing relative merits of each approach. Recently, the debate has been rekindled due to substantial rises in externally funded programs for priority health, nutrition, and population (HNP) interventions and an increase in international efforts aimed at health system strengthening. In this paper the author present a conceptual framework and an analytical approach to define and assess the nature and extent of integration in relation to critical health system functions. The framework can also be used to systematically compare and contrast programs in different settings to generate meaningful evidence to inform policy. In this framework, the author defines integration as the extent, pattern, and rate of adoption and eventual assimilation of priority health interventions into each of the critical functions of a health system, which include, inter alia: (i) governance, (ii) financing, (iii) planning, (iv) service delivery, (v) monitoring and evaluation, and (vi) demand generation. The framework and the analytical approach are intended for evaluative and formative studies of policies, systems, and programs.

Bibliographic Details

Main Authors:	Atun, Rifat, Ohiri, Kelechi, Adeyi, Olusoji
Language:	English en_US
Published:	World Bank, Washington, DC 2008-08
Subjects:	BEHAVIOUR CHANGE, BLINDNESS, BULLETIN, CENTER FOR HEALTH, CHILD HEALTH, CLINICAL PRACTICE, COMMERCIAL SEX, COMMERCIAL SEX WORKERS, COMMUNICABLE DISEASES, DECISION MAKING, DELIVERY SYSTEMS, DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, DISEASE CONTROL, DISSEMINATION, DOCTORS, DRUG USERS, DRUGS, ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS, EPIDEMIOLOGY, FAMILY PLANNING, FINANCIAL INCENTIVES, FINANCIAL RESOURCES, GENERAL HEALTH SYSTEM, GLOBAL HEALTH, HARM REDUCTION, HEALTH AFFAIRS, HEALTH CARE MANAGEMENT, HEALTH CARE ORGANIZATIONS, HEALTH CARE PROFESSIONALS, HEALTH CARE REFORMS, HEALTH CARE SYSTEM, HEALTH CONTROL, HEALTH EDUCATION, HEALTH EXPENDITURE, HEALTH EXPENDITURES, HEALTH INSURANCE, HEALTH INTERVENTIONS, HEALTH MANAGEMENT, HEALTH ORGANIZATION, HEALTH OUTCOMES, HEALTH POLICY, HEALTH PROFESSIONALS, HEALTH REFORM, HEALTH SECTOR, HEALTH SERVICE, HEALTH SERVICES, HEALTH SPECIALIST, HEALTH SYSTEM, HEALTH SYSTEM STRENGTHENING, HEALTH SYSTEMS, HEALTH WORKERS, HIV, HIV/AIDS, HOSPITAL, HOSPITALS, HUMAN DEVELOPMENT, HUMAN RIGHTS, ILLNESSES, IMMUNIZATION, INCOME, INCOME COUNTRIES, INJECTING DRUG USERS, INSTITUTIONALIZATION, INTEGRATION, INTERNATIONAL EFFORTS, INTERVENTION, IRON, JA, LOCAL COMMUNITIES, LOCAL GOVERNMENTS, LOW-INCOME COUNTRY, MASS TREATMENT, MEDICAL INNOVATIONS, MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS, NATIONAL HEALTH, NATIONAL HEALTH SERVICE, NATIONAL LEVELS, NEEDS ASSESSMENT, NURSES, NUTRITION, NUTRITION PROGRAMS, OPINION LEADERS, OUTREACH WORKERS, PATIENT, PATIENTS, PHYSICIANS, POLICY ANALYSIS, POLICY MAKERS, POPULATION DISCUSSION, PRIMARY CARE, PRIMARY HEALTH CARE, PROFESSIONAL ASSOCIATIONS, PROGRESS, PROVIDER PAYMENT, PUBLIC HEALTH, PUBLIC HEALTH PROGRAMS, QUALITY IMPROVEMENT, REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH, REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH INTERVENTIONS, RESOURCE ALLOCATION, SERVICE DELIVERY, SEX WORKERS, SOCIAL CONSEQUENCES, SOCIAL NETWORKS, SOCIAL SCIENCE, SOCIAL WORKERS, TUBERCULOSIS, TUBERCULOSIS CONTROL, VACCINATION, VACCINES, WORKERS, WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION,
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2008/08/9930197/integration-health-systems-priority-health-nutrition-population-interventions-framework-analysis-policy-choices https://hdl.handle.net/10986/13713
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