Throughfall isotopic composition in relation to drop size at the intra-event scale in a Mediterranean Scots pine stand
The major fraction of water reaching the forest floor is throughfall, which consists of free throughfall, splash throughfall and canopy drip. Research has shown that forest canopies modify the isotopic composition of throughfall by means of evaporation, isotopic exchange, canopy selection and mixing of rainfall waters. However, the effects of these factors in relation to throughfall isotopic composition and the throughfall drop size reaching the soil surface are unclear. Based on research in a mountainous Scots pine stand in northeastern Spain, this study sought to fill this knowledge gap by examining the isotopic composition of throughfall in relation to throughfall drop size. In the experimental stand, throughfall consisted on average of 65 % canopy drip, 19 % free throughfall and 16 % splash throughfall. The dynamics of the isotopic composition of throughfall and rainfall showed complex behaviour throughout events. The isotopic shift showed no direct relationship with meteorological variables, number of drops, drop velocities, throughfall and rainfall amount, or raindrop kinetic energy. However, the experiment did reveal that the isotopic shift was higher at the beginning of an event, decreasing as cumulative rainfall increased, and that it also increased when the median volume drop size of throughfall (D50_TF) approached or was lower than the median volume drop size of rainfall (D50_RF). This finding indicates that the major contribution of splash throughfall at the initial phase of rain events matched the highest vapour pressure deficit (VPD) and, at the same time, corresponded to higher isotopic enrichment, which implies that splash droplet evaporation occurred. Future applications of our approach will improve understanding of how throughfall isotopic composition may vary with drop type and size during rainfall events across a range of forest types.
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European Geosciences Union
2020-09-28
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Subjects: | Mediterranean Scots pine stand, Water fraction, Forest floor, |
Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/10261/222937 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004837 |
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dig-idaea-es-10261-2229372020-11-17T02:23:14Z Throughfall isotopic composition in relation to drop size at the intra-event scale in a Mediterranean Scots pine stand Pinos, Juan Latron, Jérôme Nanko, Kazuki Levia, Delphis F. Llorens, Pilar Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España) Llorens, Pilar [0000-0003-4591-5303] Mediterranean Scots pine stand Water fraction Forest floor The major fraction of water reaching the forest floor is throughfall, which consists of free throughfall, splash throughfall and canopy drip. Research has shown that forest canopies modify the isotopic composition of throughfall by means of evaporation, isotopic exchange, canopy selection and mixing of rainfall waters. However, the effects of these factors in relation to throughfall isotopic composition and the throughfall drop size reaching the soil surface are unclear. Based on research in a mountainous Scots pine stand in northeastern Spain, this study sought to fill this knowledge gap by examining the isotopic composition of throughfall in relation to throughfall drop size. In the experimental stand, throughfall consisted on average of 65 % canopy drip, 19 % free throughfall and 16 % splash throughfall. The dynamics of the isotopic composition of throughfall and rainfall showed complex behaviour throughout events. The isotopic shift showed no direct relationship with meteorological variables, number of drops, drop velocities, throughfall and rainfall amount, or raindrop kinetic energy. However, the experiment did reveal that the isotopic shift was higher at the beginning of an event, decreasing as cumulative rainfall increased, and that it also increased when the median volume drop size of throughfall (D50_TF) approached or was lower than the median volume drop size of rainfall (D50_RF). This finding indicates that the major contribution of splash throughfall at the initial phase of rain events matched the highest vapour pressure deficit (VPD) and, at the same time, corresponded to higher isotopic enrichment, which implies that splash droplet evaporation occurred. Future applications of our approach will improve understanding of how throughfall isotopic composition may vary with drop type and size during rainfall events across a range of forest types. This research has been supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (grant nos. CGL2016- 75957-R AEI/FEDER UE, PID2019-106583RB-I00 and BES2017-082234) and the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (grant no. JP15H05626). The publication fee for this article was covered by the CSIC Open Access Publication Support Initiative through its Unit of Information Resources for Research (URICI). Peer reviewed 2020-11-16T10:02:25Z 2020-11-16T10:02:25Z 2020-09-28 artículo http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 24: 4675–4690 (2020) http://hdl.handle.net/10261/222937 10.5194/hess-24-4675-2020 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004837 en #PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE# #PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE# #PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE# info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020/CGL2016- 75957-R AEI/FEDER UE info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020/PID2019-106583RB-I00 info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020/BES2017-082234 Publisher's version https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-4675-2020 Sí open European Geosciences Union |
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Mediterranean Scots pine stand Water fraction Forest floor Mediterranean Scots pine stand Water fraction Forest floor |
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Mediterranean Scots pine stand Water fraction Forest floor Mediterranean Scots pine stand Water fraction Forest floor Pinos, Juan Latron, Jérôme Nanko, Kazuki Levia, Delphis F. Llorens, Pilar Throughfall isotopic composition in relation to drop size at the intra-event scale in a Mediterranean Scots pine stand |
description |
The major fraction of water reaching the forest
floor is throughfall, which consists of free throughfall, splash
throughfall and canopy drip. Research has shown that forest canopies modify the isotopic composition of throughfall
by means of evaporation, isotopic exchange, canopy selection and mixing of rainfall waters. However, the effects of
these factors in relation to throughfall isotopic composition
and the throughfall drop size reaching the soil surface are unclear. Based on research in a mountainous Scots pine stand
in northeastern Spain, this study sought to fill this knowledge gap by examining the isotopic composition of throughfall in relation to throughfall drop size. In the experimental
stand, throughfall consisted on average of 65 % canopy drip,
19 % free throughfall and 16 % splash throughfall. The dynamics of the isotopic composition of throughfall and rainfall showed complex behaviour throughout events. The isotopic shift showed no direct relationship with meteorological variables, number of drops, drop velocities, throughfall
and rainfall amount, or raindrop kinetic energy. However, the
experiment did reveal that the isotopic shift was higher at
the beginning of an event, decreasing as cumulative rainfall
increased, and that it also increased when the median volume drop size of throughfall (D50_TF) approached or was
lower than the median volume drop size of rainfall (D50_RF).
This finding indicates that the major contribution of splash
throughfall at the initial phase of rain events matched the
highest vapour pressure deficit (VPD) and, at the same time,
corresponded to higher isotopic enrichment, which implies
that splash droplet evaporation occurred. Future applications of our approach will improve understanding of how throughfall isotopic composition may vary with drop type and size
during rainfall events across a range of forest types. |
author2 |
Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España) |
author_facet |
Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España) Pinos, Juan Latron, Jérôme Nanko, Kazuki Levia, Delphis F. Llorens, Pilar |
format |
artículo |
topic_facet |
Mediterranean Scots pine stand Water fraction Forest floor |
author |
Pinos, Juan Latron, Jérôme Nanko, Kazuki Levia, Delphis F. Llorens, Pilar |
author_sort |
Pinos, Juan |
title |
Throughfall isotopic composition in relation to drop size at the intra-event scale in a Mediterranean Scots pine stand |
title_short |
Throughfall isotopic composition in relation to drop size at the intra-event scale in a Mediterranean Scots pine stand |
title_full |
Throughfall isotopic composition in relation to drop size at the intra-event scale in a Mediterranean Scots pine stand |
title_fullStr |
Throughfall isotopic composition in relation to drop size at the intra-event scale in a Mediterranean Scots pine stand |
title_full_unstemmed |
Throughfall isotopic composition in relation to drop size at the intra-event scale in a Mediterranean Scots pine stand |
title_sort |
throughfall isotopic composition in relation to drop size at the intra-event scale in a mediterranean scots pine stand |
publisher |
European Geosciences Union |
publishDate |
2020-09-28 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10261/222937 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004837 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT pinosjuan throughfallisotopiccompositioninrelationtodropsizeattheintraeventscaleinamediterraneanscotspinestand AT latronjerome throughfallisotopiccompositioninrelationtodropsizeattheintraeventscaleinamediterraneanscotspinestand AT nankokazuki throughfallisotopiccompositioninrelationtodropsizeattheintraeventscaleinamediterraneanscotspinestand AT leviadelphisf throughfallisotopiccompositioninrelationtodropsizeattheintraeventscaleinamediterraneanscotspinestand AT llorenspilar throughfallisotopiccompositioninrelationtodropsizeattheintraeventscaleinamediterraneanscotspinestand |
_version_ |
1777669480065794048 |