Trophic functioning of integrated rice agriculture to fish aquaculture in Madagascar: Insights from stable isotopes (δ13C & δ15N)

Flooded rice fields are ecosystems favorable to growth and production of aquatic organisms. They can even play a major role in feeding and nutrition of local communities, as source of self-recruiting species or supporting production of farmed fish in association with rice. In Madagascar, integrated rice-fish culture has proven a yield net increase, without fertilizers or feed inputs, of more than 10% compared to traditional rice culture. Common carp (Cyprinus carpio), have been either demonstrated to improve rice production through fertilization of rice plots. Fertilization is indeed provided through bioturbation of sediments aside from any confirmed impact on pests and weeds. Although common carp can improve rice production, fish is often limited to small yields (av. 50kg/ha/cycle). Fish yields can however reach 500kg/ha/cycle (av. 100 days) through intensification with fertilizers and feeds. In that context, trophic characterization of rice-fish systems may improve knowledge on ecosystem functioning as well as fish and rice yields. Natural abundances of carbon and nitrogen stables isotopes ratio (δ13C and δ15N) are often used in ecological studies to characterize trophic functioning of aquatic ecosystems. The aim of the current study was therefore, to characterize feeding behavior of common carp in rice fish integrated agriculture to aquaculture system, through stable isotopes analysis of the compartments of this aquatic ecosystem. At the beginning of the experiment, carp larvae signature was -18.8±0.5‰ and 9.3±0.6‰, for δ13C and δ15N respectively. This signature suggest that larvae feeds were supplied by animal proteins (e.g. fish meal) and C4 carbohydrate (e.g. corn). However, following 100 days of extensive feeding in the riceplot, fish signature was depleted compared to larvae, down to -24.9±1.0 and 5.7±0.9‰, for δ13C and δ15N respectively. Stable isotopes signatures of produced fish were in the range of riceplot ecosystem, confirming that feeding was supplied by natural resources. Assuming a trophic enrichment factor of +1‰ for δ13C and +3‰ for δ15N between a prey and its predator, theoretical food source of common carp may have an average signature of -26 and 2.7‰, for δ13C and δ15N respectively. Such theoretical source was perfectly in between the signature of rice roots and sediments and suggests that these two sources were consumed, while zooplankton and rice leaves didn't contribute to the carp diet. This theoretical source may therefore confirm feeding behavior of common carp, which have been extensively described burrowing in sediments to find insects and larvae, while occasionally ingesting roots and sediments. In sediments however, only the signature of one individual of dysticidae larvae and one nepidae corresponded to that theoretical source, but for which any replicate was sampled. Further investigation is therefore needed to fully understand feeding behavior of common carp in rice fields including weeds signature.

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Main Authors: Mortillaro, Jean-Michel, Andria Mananjara, Diana E., Randriamihanta, Tiana H., Andriamaniraka, Harilala, Martel, Philippe, Andriamarolaza, Rija, Raliniaina, Modestine, Mikolasek, Olivier, Aubin, Joël
Format: conference_item biblioteca
Language:eng
Published: IRD
Subjects:M40 - Écologie aquatique, L50 - Physiologie et biochimie animales, L01 - Élevage - Considérations générales, aquaculture, isotope, riz aquatique, rizière, niveau trophique, rizipisciculture, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_550, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_11852, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_34362, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_34891, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7969, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_13936, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4510,
Online Access:http://agritrop.cirad.fr/593920/
http://agritrop.cirad.fr/593920/1/Abstract%20IMTA-Indone%CC%81sie_Mortillaro.docx
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id dig-cirad-fr-593920
record_format koha
institution CIRAD FR
collection DSpace
country Francia
countrycode FR
component Bibliográfico
access En linea
databasecode dig-cirad-fr
tag biblioteca
region Europa del Oeste
libraryname Biblioteca del CIRAD Francia
language eng
topic M40 - Écologie aquatique
L50 - Physiologie et biochimie animales
L01 - Élevage - Considérations générales
aquaculture
isotope
riz aquatique
rizière
niveau trophique
rizipisciculture
http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_550
http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_11852
http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_34362
http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_34891
http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7969
http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_13936
http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4510
M40 - Écologie aquatique
L50 - Physiologie et biochimie animales
L01 - Élevage - Considérations générales
aquaculture
isotope
riz aquatique
rizière
niveau trophique
rizipisciculture
http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_550
http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_11852
http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_34362
http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_34891
http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7969
http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_13936
http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4510
spellingShingle M40 - Écologie aquatique
L50 - Physiologie et biochimie animales
L01 - Élevage - Considérations générales
aquaculture
isotope
riz aquatique
rizière
niveau trophique
rizipisciculture
http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_550
http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_11852
http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_34362
http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_34891
http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7969
http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_13936
http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4510
M40 - Écologie aquatique
L50 - Physiologie et biochimie animales
L01 - Élevage - Considérations générales
aquaculture
isotope
riz aquatique
rizière
niveau trophique
rizipisciculture
http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_550
http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_11852
http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_34362
http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_34891
http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7969
http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_13936
http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4510
Mortillaro, Jean-Michel
Andria Mananjara, Diana E.
Randriamihanta, Tiana H.
Andriamaniraka, Harilala
Martel, Philippe
Andriamarolaza, Rija
Raliniaina, Modestine
Mikolasek, Olivier
Aubin, Joël
Trophic functioning of integrated rice agriculture to fish aquaculture in Madagascar: Insights from stable isotopes (δ13C & δ15N)
description Flooded rice fields are ecosystems favorable to growth and production of aquatic organisms. They can even play a major role in feeding and nutrition of local communities, as source of self-recruiting species or supporting production of farmed fish in association with rice. In Madagascar, integrated rice-fish culture has proven a yield net increase, without fertilizers or feed inputs, of more than 10% compared to traditional rice culture. Common carp (Cyprinus carpio), have been either demonstrated to improve rice production through fertilization of rice plots. Fertilization is indeed provided through bioturbation of sediments aside from any confirmed impact on pests and weeds. Although common carp can improve rice production, fish is often limited to small yields (av. 50kg/ha/cycle). Fish yields can however reach 500kg/ha/cycle (av. 100 days) through intensification with fertilizers and feeds. In that context, trophic characterization of rice-fish systems may improve knowledge on ecosystem functioning as well as fish and rice yields. Natural abundances of carbon and nitrogen stables isotopes ratio (δ13C and δ15N) are often used in ecological studies to characterize trophic functioning of aquatic ecosystems. The aim of the current study was therefore, to characterize feeding behavior of common carp in rice fish integrated agriculture to aquaculture system, through stable isotopes analysis of the compartments of this aquatic ecosystem. At the beginning of the experiment, carp larvae signature was -18.8±0.5‰ and 9.3±0.6‰, for δ13C and δ15N respectively. This signature suggest that larvae feeds were supplied by animal proteins (e.g. fish meal) and C4 carbohydrate (e.g. corn). However, following 100 days of extensive feeding in the riceplot, fish signature was depleted compared to larvae, down to -24.9±1.0 and 5.7±0.9‰, for δ13C and δ15N respectively. Stable isotopes signatures of produced fish were in the range of riceplot ecosystem, confirming that feeding was supplied by natural resources. Assuming a trophic enrichment factor of +1‰ for δ13C and +3‰ for δ15N between a prey and its predator, theoretical food source of common carp may have an average signature of -26 and 2.7‰, for δ13C and δ15N respectively. Such theoretical source was perfectly in between the signature of rice roots and sediments and suggests that these two sources were consumed, while zooplankton and rice leaves didn't contribute to the carp diet. This theoretical source may therefore confirm feeding behavior of common carp, which have been extensively described burrowing in sediments to find insects and larvae, while occasionally ingesting roots and sediments. In sediments however, only the signature of one individual of dysticidae larvae and one nepidae corresponded to that theoretical source, but for which any replicate was sampled. Further investigation is therefore needed to fully understand feeding behavior of common carp in rice fields including weeds signature.
format conference_item
topic_facet M40 - Écologie aquatique
L50 - Physiologie et biochimie animales
L01 - Élevage - Considérations générales
aquaculture
isotope
riz aquatique
rizière
niveau trophique
rizipisciculture
http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_550
http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_11852
http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_34362
http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_34891
http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7969
http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_13936
http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4510
author Mortillaro, Jean-Michel
Andria Mananjara, Diana E.
Randriamihanta, Tiana H.
Andriamaniraka, Harilala
Martel, Philippe
Andriamarolaza, Rija
Raliniaina, Modestine
Mikolasek, Olivier
Aubin, Joël
author_facet Mortillaro, Jean-Michel
Andria Mananjara, Diana E.
Randriamihanta, Tiana H.
Andriamaniraka, Harilala
Martel, Philippe
Andriamarolaza, Rija
Raliniaina, Modestine
Mikolasek, Olivier
Aubin, Joël
author_sort Mortillaro, Jean-Michel
title Trophic functioning of integrated rice agriculture to fish aquaculture in Madagascar: Insights from stable isotopes (δ13C & δ15N)
title_short Trophic functioning of integrated rice agriculture to fish aquaculture in Madagascar: Insights from stable isotopes (δ13C & δ15N)
title_full Trophic functioning of integrated rice agriculture to fish aquaculture in Madagascar: Insights from stable isotopes (δ13C & δ15N)
title_fullStr Trophic functioning of integrated rice agriculture to fish aquaculture in Madagascar: Insights from stable isotopes (δ13C & δ15N)
title_full_unstemmed Trophic functioning of integrated rice agriculture to fish aquaculture in Madagascar: Insights from stable isotopes (δ13C & δ15N)
title_sort trophic functioning of integrated rice agriculture to fish aquaculture in madagascar: insights from stable isotopes (δ13c & δ15n)
publisher IRD
url http://agritrop.cirad.fr/593920/
http://agritrop.cirad.fr/593920/1/Abstract%20IMTA-Indone%CC%81sie_Mortillaro.docx
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spelling dig-cirad-fr-5939202024-01-29T02:23:10Z http://agritrop.cirad.fr/593920/ http://agritrop.cirad.fr/593920/ Trophic functioning of integrated rice agriculture to fish aquaculture in Madagascar: Insights from stable isotopes (δ13C & δ15N). Mortillaro Jean-Michel, Andria Mananjara Diana E., Randriamihanta Tiana H., Andriamaniraka Harilala, Martel Philippe, Andriamarolaza Rija, Raliniaina Modestine, Mikolasek Olivier, Aubin Joël. 2019. . IRD, RIFAFE. Bogor : IRD-Indonesian national Research Institute for Freshwater Aquaculture and Fisheries Extension (RIFAFE), 1 p. Ecological intensification: A new paragon for sustainable aquaculture Conference, Bogor, Indonésie, 28 Octobre 2019/30 Octobre 2019. Trophic functioning of integrated rice agriculture to fish aquaculture in Madagascar: Insights from stable isotopes (δ13C & δ15N) Mortillaro, Jean-Michel Andria Mananjara, Diana E. Randriamihanta, Tiana H. Andriamaniraka, Harilala Martel, Philippe Andriamarolaza, Rija Raliniaina, Modestine Mikolasek, Olivier Aubin, Joël eng 2019 IRD M40 - Écologie aquatique L50 - Physiologie et biochimie animales L01 - Élevage - Considérations générales aquaculture isotope riz aquatique rizière niveau trophique rizipisciculture http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_550 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_11852 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_34362 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_34891 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7969 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_13936 Madagascar http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4510 Flooded rice fields are ecosystems favorable to growth and production of aquatic organisms. They can even play a major role in feeding and nutrition of local communities, as source of self-recruiting species or supporting production of farmed fish in association with rice. In Madagascar, integrated rice-fish culture has proven a yield net increase, without fertilizers or feed inputs, of more than 10% compared to traditional rice culture. Common carp (Cyprinus carpio), have been either demonstrated to improve rice production through fertilization of rice plots. Fertilization is indeed provided through bioturbation of sediments aside from any confirmed impact on pests and weeds. Although common carp can improve rice production, fish is often limited to small yields (av. 50kg/ha/cycle). Fish yields can however reach 500kg/ha/cycle (av. 100 days) through intensification with fertilizers and feeds. In that context, trophic characterization of rice-fish systems may improve knowledge on ecosystem functioning as well as fish and rice yields. Natural abundances of carbon and nitrogen stables isotopes ratio (δ13C and δ15N) are often used in ecological studies to characterize trophic functioning of aquatic ecosystems. The aim of the current study was therefore, to characterize feeding behavior of common carp in rice fish integrated agriculture to aquaculture system, through stable isotopes analysis of the compartments of this aquatic ecosystem. At the beginning of the experiment, carp larvae signature was -18.8±0.5‰ and 9.3±0.6‰, for δ13C and δ15N respectively. This signature suggest that larvae feeds were supplied by animal proteins (e.g. fish meal) and C4 carbohydrate (e.g. corn). However, following 100 days of extensive feeding in the riceplot, fish signature was depleted compared to larvae, down to -24.9±1.0 and 5.7±0.9‰, for δ13C and δ15N respectively. Stable isotopes signatures of produced fish were in the range of riceplot ecosystem, confirming that feeding was supplied by natural resources. Assuming a trophic enrichment factor of +1‰ for δ13C and +3‰ for δ15N between a prey and its predator, theoretical food source of common carp may have an average signature of -26 and 2.7‰, for δ13C and δ15N respectively. Such theoretical source was perfectly in between the signature of rice roots and sediments and suggests that these two sources were consumed, while zooplankton and rice leaves didn't contribute to the carp diet. This theoretical source may therefore confirm feeding behavior of common carp, which have been extensively described burrowing in sediments to find insects and larvae, while occasionally ingesting roots and sediments. In sediments however, only the signature of one individual of dysticidae larvae and one nepidae corresponded to that theoretical source, but for which any replicate was sampled. Further investigation is therefore needed to fully understand feeding behavior of common carp in rice fields including weeds signature. conference_item info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject Conference info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion http://agritrop.cirad.fr/593920/1/Abstract%20IMTA-Indone%CC%81sie_Mortillaro.docx text cc_0 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/