Linking crop structure, throughfall, soil surface conditions, runoff and soil detachment: 10 land uses analyzed in Northern Laos
In Montane Southeast Asia, deforestation and unsuitable combinations of crops and agricultural practices degrade soils at an unprecedented rate. Typically, smallholder farmers gain income from “available” land by replacing fallow or secondary forest by perennial crops. We aimed to understand how these practices increase or reduce soil erosion. Ten land uses were monitored in Northern Laos during the 2015 monsoon, using local farmers' fields. Experiments included plots of the conventional system (food crops and fallow), and land uses corresponding to new market opportunities (e.g. commercial tree plantations). Land uses were characterized by measuring plant cover and plant mean height per vegetation layer. Recorded meteorological variables included rainfall intensity, throughfall amount, throughfall kinetic energy (TKE), and raindrop size. Runoff coefficient, soil loss, and the percentage areas of soil surface types (free aggregates and gravel; crusts; macro-faunal, vegetal and pedestal features; plant litter) were derived from observations and measurements in 1-m2 micro-plots. Relationships between these variables were explored with multiple regression analyses. Our results indicate that TKE induces soil crusting and soil loss. By reducing rainfall infiltration, crusted area enhances runoff, which removes and transports soil particles detached by splash over non-crusted areas. TKE is lower under land uses reducing the velocity of raindrops and/or preventing an increase in their size. Optimal vegetation structures combine minimum height of the lowest layer (to reduce drop velocity at ground level) and maximum coverage (to intercept the largest amount of rainfall), as exemplified by broom grass (Thysanolaena latifolia). In contrast, high canopies with large leaves will increase TKE by enlarging raindrops, as exemplified by teak trees (Tectona grandis), unless a protective understorey exists under the trees. Policies that ban the burning of multi-layered vegetation structure under tree plantations should be enforced. Shade-tolerant shrubs and grasses with potential economic return could be promoted as understorey.
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Subjects: | P36 - Érosion, conservation et récupération des sols, E11 - Économie et politique foncières, F08 - Systèmes et modes de culture, conservation des sols, utilisation des terres, ruissellement, couverture du sol, couverture végétale, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7165, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4182, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_35388, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_37897, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_25409, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_12076, |
Online Access: | http://agritrop.cirad.fr/593605/ http://agritrop.cirad.fr/593605/1/Linking%20crop%20structure%20-%20Lacombe%20et%20al%20-%202018%20-%20STOTEN.pdf |
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P36 - Érosion, conservation et récupération des sols E11 - Économie et politique foncières F08 - Systèmes et modes de culture conservation des sols utilisation des terres ruissellement couverture du sol couverture végétale http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7165 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4182 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_35388 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_37897 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_25409 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_12076 P36 - Érosion, conservation et récupération des sols E11 - Économie et politique foncières F08 - Systèmes et modes de culture conservation des sols utilisation des terres ruissellement couverture du sol couverture végétale http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7165 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4182 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_35388 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_37897 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_25409 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_12076 |
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P36 - Érosion, conservation et récupération des sols E11 - Économie et politique foncières F08 - Systèmes et modes de culture conservation des sols utilisation des terres ruissellement couverture du sol couverture végétale http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7165 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4182 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_35388 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_37897 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_25409 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_12076 P36 - Érosion, conservation et récupération des sols E11 - Économie et politique foncières F08 - Systèmes et modes de culture conservation des sols utilisation des terres ruissellement couverture du sol couverture végétale http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7165 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4182 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_35388 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_37897 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_25409 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_12076 Lacombe, Guillaume Valentin, Christian Sounyafong, Phabvilay De Rouw, Anneke Soulileuth, Bounsamai Silvera, Norbert Pierret, Alain Sengtaheuanghoung, Oloth Ribolzi, Olivier Linking crop structure, throughfall, soil surface conditions, runoff and soil detachment: 10 land uses analyzed in Northern Laos |
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In Montane Southeast Asia, deforestation and unsuitable combinations of crops and agricultural practices degrade soils at an unprecedented rate. Typically, smallholder farmers gain income from “available” land by replacing fallow or secondary forest by perennial crops. We aimed to understand how these practices increase or reduce soil erosion. Ten land uses were monitored in Northern Laos during the 2015 monsoon, using local farmers' fields. Experiments included plots of the conventional system (food crops and fallow), and land uses corresponding to new market opportunities (e.g. commercial tree plantations). Land uses were characterized by measuring plant cover and plant mean height per vegetation layer. Recorded meteorological variables included rainfall intensity, throughfall amount, throughfall kinetic energy (TKE), and raindrop size. Runoff coefficient, soil loss, and the percentage areas of soil surface types (free aggregates and gravel; crusts; macro-faunal, vegetal and pedestal features; plant litter) were derived from observations and measurements in 1-m2 micro-plots. Relationships between these variables were explored with multiple regression analyses. Our results indicate that TKE induces soil crusting and soil loss. By reducing rainfall infiltration, crusted area enhances runoff, which removes and transports soil particles detached by splash over non-crusted areas. TKE is lower under land uses reducing the velocity of raindrops and/or preventing an increase in their size. Optimal vegetation structures combine minimum height of the lowest layer (to reduce drop velocity at ground level) and maximum coverage (to intercept the largest amount of rainfall), as exemplified by broom grass (Thysanolaena latifolia). In contrast, high canopies with large leaves will increase TKE by enlarging raindrops, as exemplified by teak trees (Tectona grandis), unless a protective understorey exists under the trees. Policies that ban the burning of multi-layered vegetation structure under tree plantations should be enforced. Shade-tolerant shrubs and grasses with potential economic return could be promoted as understorey. |
format |
article |
topic_facet |
P36 - Érosion, conservation et récupération des sols E11 - Économie et politique foncières F08 - Systèmes et modes de culture conservation des sols utilisation des terres ruissellement couverture du sol couverture végétale http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7165 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4182 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_35388 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_37897 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_25409 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_12076 |
author |
Lacombe, Guillaume Valentin, Christian Sounyafong, Phabvilay De Rouw, Anneke Soulileuth, Bounsamai Silvera, Norbert Pierret, Alain Sengtaheuanghoung, Oloth Ribolzi, Olivier |
author_facet |
Lacombe, Guillaume Valentin, Christian Sounyafong, Phabvilay De Rouw, Anneke Soulileuth, Bounsamai Silvera, Norbert Pierret, Alain Sengtaheuanghoung, Oloth Ribolzi, Olivier |
author_sort |
Lacombe, Guillaume |
title |
Linking crop structure, throughfall, soil surface conditions, runoff and soil detachment: 10 land uses analyzed in Northern Laos |
title_short |
Linking crop structure, throughfall, soil surface conditions, runoff and soil detachment: 10 land uses analyzed in Northern Laos |
title_full |
Linking crop structure, throughfall, soil surface conditions, runoff and soil detachment: 10 land uses analyzed in Northern Laos |
title_fullStr |
Linking crop structure, throughfall, soil surface conditions, runoff and soil detachment: 10 land uses analyzed in Northern Laos |
title_full_unstemmed |
Linking crop structure, throughfall, soil surface conditions, runoff and soil detachment: 10 land uses analyzed in Northern Laos |
title_sort |
linking crop structure, throughfall, soil surface conditions, runoff and soil detachment: 10 land uses analyzed in northern laos |
url |
http://agritrop.cirad.fr/593605/ http://agritrop.cirad.fr/593605/1/Linking%20crop%20structure%20-%20Lacombe%20et%20al%20-%202018%20-%20STOTEN.pdf |
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dig-cirad-fr-5936052024-01-29T02:19:29Z http://agritrop.cirad.fr/593605/ http://agritrop.cirad.fr/593605/ Linking crop structure, throughfall, soil surface conditions, runoff and soil detachment: 10 land uses analyzed in Northern Laos. Lacombe Guillaume, Valentin Christian, Sounyafong Phabvilay, De Rouw Anneke, Soulileuth Bounsamai, Silvera Norbert, Pierret Alain, Sengtaheuanghoung Oloth, Ribolzi Olivier. 2018. Science of the Total Environment, 616-617 : 1330-1338.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.10.185 <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.10.185> Linking crop structure, throughfall, soil surface conditions, runoff and soil detachment: 10 land uses analyzed in Northern Laos Lacombe, Guillaume Valentin, Christian Sounyafong, Phabvilay De Rouw, Anneke Soulileuth, Bounsamai Silvera, Norbert Pierret, Alain Sengtaheuanghoung, Oloth Ribolzi, Olivier eng 2018 Science of the Total Environment P36 - Érosion, conservation et récupération des sols E11 - Économie et politique foncières F08 - Systèmes et modes de culture conservation des sols utilisation des terres ruissellement couverture du sol couverture végétale http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7165 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4182 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_35388 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_37897 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_25409 République démocratique populaire lao http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_12076 In Montane Southeast Asia, deforestation and unsuitable combinations of crops and agricultural practices degrade soils at an unprecedented rate. Typically, smallholder farmers gain income from “available” land by replacing fallow or secondary forest by perennial crops. We aimed to understand how these practices increase or reduce soil erosion. Ten land uses were monitored in Northern Laos during the 2015 monsoon, using local farmers' fields. Experiments included plots of the conventional system (food crops and fallow), and land uses corresponding to new market opportunities (e.g. commercial tree plantations). Land uses were characterized by measuring plant cover and plant mean height per vegetation layer. Recorded meteorological variables included rainfall intensity, throughfall amount, throughfall kinetic energy (TKE), and raindrop size. Runoff coefficient, soil loss, and the percentage areas of soil surface types (free aggregates and gravel; crusts; macro-faunal, vegetal and pedestal features; plant litter) were derived from observations and measurements in 1-m2 micro-plots. Relationships between these variables were explored with multiple regression analyses. Our results indicate that TKE induces soil crusting and soil loss. By reducing rainfall infiltration, crusted area enhances runoff, which removes and transports soil particles detached by splash over non-crusted areas. TKE is lower under land uses reducing the velocity of raindrops and/or preventing an increase in their size. Optimal vegetation structures combine minimum height of the lowest layer (to reduce drop velocity at ground level) and maximum coverage (to intercept the largest amount of rainfall), as exemplified by broom grass (Thysanolaena latifolia). In contrast, high canopies with large leaves will increase TKE by enlarging raindrops, as exemplified by teak trees (Tectona grandis), unless a protective understorey exists under the trees. Policies that ban the burning of multi-layered vegetation structure under tree plantations should be enforced. Shade-tolerant shrubs and grasses with potential economic return could be promoted as understorey. article info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal Article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion http://agritrop.cirad.fr/593605/1/Linking%20crop%20structure%20-%20Lacombe%20et%20al%20-%202018%20-%20STOTEN.pdf text Cirad license info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess https://agritrop.cirad.fr/mention_legale.html https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.10.185 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.10.185 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.10.185 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/purl/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.10.185 |