Long-term mineral fertiliser use and maize residue incorporation do not compensate for carbon and nutrient losses from a Ferralsol under continuous maize–cotton cropping
It has been repeatedly argued that mineral fertiliser application combined with in situ retention of crop residue biomass can sustain long-term productivity of West African soils. Using 20-year experimental data from southern Togo, a biannual rainfall area, we analysed the effect of two rates of mineral NPK fertiliser application to maize–cotton rotation on the long-term dynamics of soil C and nutrient contents, as compared with two control treatments. Mineral fertiliser treatments consisted of application to both maize (first season) and cotton (second season) the research-recommended NPK rates (Fertiliser-RR) and 1.5 times these rates (Fertiliser-1.5 RR). Control treatments consisted of cropping maize and cotton without fertiliser use (No-Fertiliser) and of double annual soil tillage (as done for planted treatments) without planting a crop (Tillage-NoCrop). Maize residue biomass was every year returned to the soil of crops planted treatments, whereas cotton stems were uprooted, piled and burnt on the experimental plots as done locally for phyto-sanitary reasons. Treatment effects were analysed through a long-term change in crop productivity, in soil C and nutrient contents. Our results indicate that productivity of maize and notably of cotton cannot be sustained in this Ferralsol without nutrient inputs. On average, maize yields without fertilisers decreased from 2 t ha−1 after woodland clearing to 0.5 t ha−1 after 10 years of cultivation, while cotton yields decreased from 1.5 to 0.5 t ha−1 only after 5 years. In spite of the need of mineral fertiliser use to sustain productivity of this soil, there was little justification to increase inputs of mineral fertiliser over the research recommended rate. Over 20-year experiment, both maize and cotton while received N, P and K inputs at the research-recommended rates produced virtually the same yields as when these rates were increased by 50%. Although C inputs to soil under RR and 1.5 RR were greater than in the No-Fertiliser control (nil for Tillage-NoCrop), and the N input was more favourable for 1.5RR, the rates in which contents of soil C and N decreased over time did not differ substantially between treatments. Soil available P decreased for all treatments, while exchangeable K concentration increased under RR and 1.5 RR and decreased in unfertilised treatments (No-Fertiliser and Tillage-NoCrop). In fertilised plots and in tillage no-planted plots, soil pH decreased more than in No-Fertiliser plots. A decline of soil pH was associated with a decline of exchangeable Ca and Mg, which were on average 20 and 40% higher in fertilised plots than in No-Fertiliser plots. We conclude that soil C and N decline in this Ferralsol was more determined by a change in soil conditions due to woodland clearance and continuous tillage than by the quantities of C or N inputs added annually.
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F04 - Fertilisation P35 - Fertilité du sol P33 - Chimie et physique du sol F01 - Culture des plantes Zea mays Gossypium engrais minéral résidu de récolte rotation culturale fertilité du sol fertilisation matière organique du sol rendement des cultures propriété physicochimique du sol carbone http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8504 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3335 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_27870 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_16118 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_6662 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7170 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_10795 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_35657 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_10176 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7182 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1301 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7801 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_166 F04 - Fertilisation P35 - Fertilité du sol P33 - Chimie et physique du sol F01 - Culture des plantes Zea mays Gossypium engrais minéral résidu de récolte rotation culturale fertilité du sol fertilisation matière organique du sol rendement des cultures propriété physicochimique du sol carbone http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8504 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3335 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_27870 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_16118 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_6662 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7170 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_10795 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_35657 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_10176 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7182 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1301 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7801 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_166 |
spellingShingle |
F04 - Fertilisation P35 - Fertilité du sol P33 - Chimie et physique du sol F01 - Culture des plantes Zea mays Gossypium engrais minéral résidu de récolte rotation culturale fertilité du sol fertilisation matière organique du sol rendement des cultures propriété physicochimique du sol carbone http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8504 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3335 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_27870 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_16118 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_6662 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7170 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_10795 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_35657 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_10176 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7182 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1301 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7801 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_166 F04 - Fertilisation P35 - Fertilité du sol P33 - Chimie et physique du sol F01 - Culture des plantes Zea mays Gossypium engrais minéral résidu de récolte rotation culturale fertilité du sol fertilisation matière organique du sol rendement des cultures propriété physicochimique du sol carbone http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8504 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3335 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_27870 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_16118 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_6662 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7170 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_10795 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_35657 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_10176 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7182 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1301 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7801 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_166 Kintché, Kokou Guibert, Hervé Sogbédji, J. Levêque, Jean Bonfoh, Bassirou Tittonell, Pablo Long-term mineral fertiliser use and maize residue incorporation do not compensate for carbon and nutrient losses from a Ferralsol under continuous maize–cotton cropping |
description |
It has been repeatedly argued that mineral fertiliser application combined with in situ retention of crop residue biomass can sustain long-term productivity of West African soils. Using 20-year experimental data from southern Togo, a biannual rainfall area, we analysed the effect of two rates of mineral NPK fertiliser application to maize–cotton rotation on the long-term dynamics of soil C and nutrient contents, as compared with two control treatments. Mineral fertiliser treatments consisted of application to both maize (first season) and cotton (second season) the research-recommended NPK rates (Fertiliser-RR) and 1.5 times these rates (Fertiliser-1.5 RR). Control treatments consisted of cropping maize and cotton without fertiliser use (No-Fertiliser) and of double annual soil tillage (as done for planted treatments) without planting a crop (Tillage-NoCrop). Maize residue biomass was every year returned to the soil of crops planted treatments, whereas cotton stems were uprooted, piled and burnt on the experimental plots as done locally for phyto-sanitary reasons. Treatment effects were analysed through a long-term change in crop productivity, in soil C and nutrient contents. Our results indicate that productivity of maize and notably of cotton cannot be sustained in this Ferralsol without nutrient inputs. On average, maize yields without fertilisers decreased from 2 t ha−1 after woodland clearing to 0.5 t ha−1 after 10 years of cultivation, while cotton yields decreased from 1.5 to 0.5 t ha−1 only after 5 years. In spite of the need of mineral fertiliser use to sustain productivity of this soil, there was little justification to increase inputs of mineral fertiliser over the research recommended rate. Over 20-year experiment, both maize and cotton while received N, P and K inputs at the research-recommended rates produced virtually the same yields as when these rates were increased by 50%. Although C inputs to soil under RR and 1.5 RR were greater than in the No-Fertiliser control (nil for Tillage-NoCrop), and the N input was more favourable for 1.5RR, the rates in which contents of soil C and N decreased over time did not differ substantially between treatments. Soil available P decreased for all treatments, while exchangeable K concentration increased under RR and 1.5 RR and decreased in unfertilised treatments (No-Fertiliser and Tillage-NoCrop). In fertilised plots and in tillage no-planted plots, soil pH decreased more than in No-Fertiliser plots. A decline of soil pH was associated with a decline of exchangeable Ca and Mg, which were on average 20 and 40% higher in fertilised plots than in No-Fertiliser plots. We conclude that soil C and N decline in this Ferralsol was more determined by a change in soil conditions due to woodland clearance and continuous tillage than by the quantities of C or N inputs added annually. |
format |
article |
topic_facet |
F04 - Fertilisation P35 - Fertilité du sol P33 - Chimie et physique du sol F01 - Culture des plantes Zea mays Gossypium engrais minéral résidu de récolte rotation culturale fertilité du sol fertilisation matière organique du sol rendement des cultures propriété physicochimique du sol carbone http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8504 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3335 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_27870 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_16118 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_6662 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7170 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_10795 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_35657 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_10176 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7182 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1301 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7801 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_166 |
author |
Kintché, Kokou Guibert, Hervé Sogbédji, J. Levêque, Jean Bonfoh, Bassirou Tittonell, Pablo |
author_facet |
Kintché, Kokou Guibert, Hervé Sogbédji, J. Levêque, Jean Bonfoh, Bassirou Tittonell, Pablo |
author_sort |
Kintché, Kokou |
title |
Long-term mineral fertiliser use and maize residue incorporation do not compensate for carbon and nutrient losses from a Ferralsol under continuous maize–cotton cropping |
title_short |
Long-term mineral fertiliser use and maize residue incorporation do not compensate for carbon and nutrient losses from a Ferralsol under continuous maize–cotton cropping |
title_full |
Long-term mineral fertiliser use and maize residue incorporation do not compensate for carbon and nutrient losses from a Ferralsol under continuous maize–cotton cropping |
title_fullStr |
Long-term mineral fertiliser use and maize residue incorporation do not compensate for carbon and nutrient losses from a Ferralsol under continuous maize–cotton cropping |
title_full_unstemmed |
Long-term mineral fertiliser use and maize residue incorporation do not compensate for carbon and nutrient losses from a Ferralsol under continuous maize–cotton cropping |
title_sort |
long-term mineral fertiliser use and maize residue incorporation do not compensate for carbon and nutrient losses from a ferralsol under continuous maize–cotton cropping |
url |
http://agritrop.cirad.fr/577386/ http://agritrop.cirad.fr/577386/7/577386_version_editee.pdf |
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dig-cirad-fr-5773862024-01-28T22:52:32Z http://agritrop.cirad.fr/577386/ http://agritrop.cirad.fr/577386/ Long-term mineral fertiliser use and maize residue incorporation do not compensate for carbon and nutrient losses from a Ferralsol under continuous maize–cotton cropping. Kintché Kokou, Guibert Hervé, Sogbédji J., Levêque Jean, Bonfoh Bassirou, Tittonell Pablo. 2015. Field Crops Research, 184 : 192-200.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2015.04.019 <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2015.04.019> Long-term mineral fertiliser use and maize residue incorporation do not compensate for carbon and nutrient losses from a Ferralsol under continuous maize–cotton cropping Kintché, Kokou Guibert, Hervé Sogbédji, J. Levêque, Jean Bonfoh, Bassirou Tittonell, Pablo eng 2015 Field Crops Research F04 - Fertilisation P35 - Fertilité du sol P33 - Chimie et physique du sol F01 - Culture des plantes Zea mays Gossypium engrais minéral résidu de récolte rotation culturale fertilité du sol fertilisation matière organique du sol rendement des cultures propriété physicochimique du sol carbone http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8504 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3335 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_27870 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_16118 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_6662 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7170 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_10795 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_35657 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_10176 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7182 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1301 Togo Afrique au sud du Sahara http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7801 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_166 It has been repeatedly argued that mineral fertiliser application combined with in situ retention of crop residue biomass can sustain long-term productivity of West African soils. Using 20-year experimental data from southern Togo, a biannual rainfall area, we analysed the effect of two rates of mineral NPK fertiliser application to maize–cotton rotation on the long-term dynamics of soil C and nutrient contents, as compared with two control treatments. Mineral fertiliser treatments consisted of application to both maize (first season) and cotton (second season) the research-recommended NPK rates (Fertiliser-RR) and 1.5 times these rates (Fertiliser-1.5 RR). Control treatments consisted of cropping maize and cotton without fertiliser use (No-Fertiliser) and of double annual soil tillage (as done for planted treatments) without planting a crop (Tillage-NoCrop). Maize residue biomass was every year returned to the soil of crops planted treatments, whereas cotton stems were uprooted, piled and burnt on the experimental plots as done locally for phyto-sanitary reasons. Treatment effects were analysed through a long-term change in crop productivity, in soil C and nutrient contents. Our results indicate that productivity of maize and notably of cotton cannot be sustained in this Ferralsol without nutrient inputs. On average, maize yields without fertilisers decreased from 2 t ha−1 after woodland clearing to 0.5 t ha−1 after 10 years of cultivation, while cotton yields decreased from 1.5 to 0.5 t ha−1 only after 5 years. In spite of the need of mineral fertiliser use to sustain productivity of this soil, there was little justification to increase inputs of mineral fertiliser over the research recommended rate. Over 20-year experiment, both maize and cotton while received N, P and K inputs at the research-recommended rates produced virtually the same yields as when these rates were increased by 50%. Although C inputs to soil under RR and 1.5 RR were greater than in the No-Fertiliser control (nil for Tillage-NoCrop), and the N input was more favourable for 1.5RR, the rates in which contents of soil C and N decreased over time did not differ substantially between treatments. Soil available P decreased for all treatments, while exchangeable K concentration increased under RR and 1.5 RR and decreased in unfertilised treatments (No-Fertiliser and Tillage-NoCrop). In fertilised plots and in tillage no-planted plots, soil pH decreased more than in No-Fertiliser plots. A decline of soil pH was associated with a decline of exchangeable Ca and Mg, which were on average 20 and 40% higher in fertilised plots than in No-Fertiliser plots. We conclude that soil C and N decline in this Ferralsol was more determined by a change in soil conditions due to woodland clearance and continuous tillage than by the quantities of C or N inputs added annually. article info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal Article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion http://agritrop.cirad.fr/577386/7/577386_version_editee.pdf text Cirad license info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess https://agritrop.cirad.fr/mention_legale.html https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2015.04.019 10.1016/j.fcr.2015.04.019 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1016/j.fcr.2015.04.019 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/purl/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2015.04.019 |