Social process of adaptation to environmental changes: How eastern african societies intervene between crops and climate
Studies on climate change can only be conducted on a long time scale, and observing how societies adapt their sowing practices to climate variability is challenging and costly. As an alternative, a space and time substitution design was used, changes in space corresponding to that induced in time by environmental change. On the eastern slope of Mount Kenya, the Tharaka community, originating from the lowlands (750 m), moved up to the midlands (950 m) with their lowland-adapted resources, whereas the Mwimbi, originating from wetter upland (1100 m), moved down to the midlands with their highland-adapted genetic resources. A weather station was installed at 950 and 1100 m, and a logistic model was used to analyze the probability of sowing failure as a function of the length of dry spells after sowing. A total of 1691 plots in 40 surveyed farms were surveyed to compare the Mwimbi and Tharaka during 2 yr and four growing seasons, controlling crops and altitude. Although seed-sowing practices were similar in both communities, the relative risk of sowing failure was 3.3 times more for the Mwimbi than for the Tharaka during the Short Rains, and 1.5 times more during the Long Rains. This difference can be explained by within-community seed exchanges, as Tharaka seeds, originally from the lowlands, are adapted to drier conditions, whereas Mwimbi seeds are adapted to wetter conditions. The findings suggest an impact of historical and social factors on the mitigation of sowing failure risk. Thus, they must be considered as an integral part of the adaptation process to climate variability and change.
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Subjects: | P40 - Météorologie et climatologie, E50 - Sociologie rurale, F08 - Systèmes et modes de culture, agriculture, changement climatique, sociologie, adaptation, pratique culturale, ensemencement, adaptation aux changements climatiques, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_203, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1666, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7142, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_117, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2018, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7268, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1374567058134, http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4086, |
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dig-cirad-fr-5739372024-01-28T22:12:31Z http://agritrop.cirad.fr/573937/ http://agritrop.cirad.fr/573937/ Social process of adaptation to environmental changes: How eastern african societies intervene between crops and climate. Mwongera Caroline Njeri, Boyard-Micheau Joseph, Baron Christian, Leclerc Christian. 2014. Weather, Climate, and Society, 6 (3) : 341-353.https://doi.org/10.1175/WCAS-D-13-00034.1 <https://doi.org/10.1175/WCAS-D-13-00034.1> Social process of adaptation to environmental changes: How eastern african societies intervene between crops and climate Mwongera, Caroline Njeri Boyard-Micheau, Joseph Baron, Christian Leclerc, Christian eng 2014 Weather, Climate, and Society P40 - Météorologie et climatologie E50 - Sociologie rurale F08 - Systèmes et modes de culture agriculture changement climatique sociologie adaptation pratique culturale ensemencement adaptation aux changements climatiques http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_203 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1666 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7142 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_117 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2018 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7268 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1374567058134 Kenya http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4086 Studies on climate change can only be conducted on a long time scale, and observing how societies adapt their sowing practices to climate variability is challenging and costly. As an alternative, a space and time substitution design was used, changes in space corresponding to that induced in time by environmental change. On the eastern slope of Mount Kenya, the Tharaka community, originating from the lowlands (750 m), moved up to the midlands (950 m) with their lowland-adapted resources, whereas the Mwimbi, originating from wetter upland (1100 m), moved down to the midlands with their highland-adapted genetic resources. A weather station was installed at 950 and 1100 m, and a logistic model was used to analyze the probability of sowing failure as a function of the length of dry spells after sowing. A total of 1691 plots in 40 surveyed farms were surveyed to compare the Mwimbi and Tharaka during 2 yr and four growing seasons, controlling crops and altitude. Although seed-sowing practices were similar in both communities, the relative risk of sowing failure was 3.3 times more for the Mwimbi than for the Tharaka during the Short Rains, and 1.5 times more during the Long Rains. This difference can be explained by within-community seed exchanges, as Tharaka seeds, originally from the lowlands, are adapted to drier conditions, whereas Mwimbi seeds are adapted to wetter conditions. The findings suggest an impact of historical and social factors on the mitigation of sowing failure risk. Thus, they must be considered as an integral part of the adaptation process to climate variability and change. article info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal Article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion http://agritrop.cirad.fr/573937/1/document_573937.pdf application/pdf Cirad license info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess https://agritrop.cirad.fr/mention_legale.html https://doi.org/10.1175/WCAS-D-13-00034.1 10.1175/WCAS-D-13-00034.1 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1175/WCAS-D-13-00034.1 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/purl/https://doi.org/10.1175/WCAS-D-13-00034.1 |
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P40 - Météorologie et climatologie E50 - Sociologie rurale F08 - Systèmes et modes de culture agriculture changement climatique sociologie adaptation pratique culturale ensemencement adaptation aux changements climatiques http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_203 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1666 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7142 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_117 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2018 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7268 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1374567058134 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4086 P40 - Météorologie et climatologie E50 - Sociologie rurale F08 - Systèmes et modes de culture agriculture changement climatique sociologie adaptation pratique culturale ensemencement adaptation aux changements climatiques http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_203 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1666 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7142 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_117 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2018 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7268 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1374567058134 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4086 |
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P40 - Météorologie et climatologie E50 - Sociologie rurale F08 - Systèmes et modes de culture agriculture changement climatique sociologie adaptation pratique culturale ensemencement adaptation aux changements climatiques http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_203 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1666 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7142 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_117 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2018 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7268 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1374567058134 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4086 P40 - Météorologie et climatologie E50 - Sociologie rurale F08 - Systèmes et modes de culture agriculture changement climatique sociologie adaptation pratique culturale ensemencement adaptation aux changements climatiques http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_203 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1666 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7142 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_117 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2018 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7268 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1374567058134 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4086 Mwongera, Caroline Njeri Boyard-Micheau, Joseph Baron, Christian Leclerc, Christian Social process of adaptation to environmental changes: How eastern african societies intervene between crops and climate |
description |
Studies on climate change can only be conducted on a long time scale, and observing how societies adapt their sowing practices to climate variability is challenging and costly. As an alternative, a space and time substitution design was used, changes in space corresponding to that induced in time by environmental change. On the eastern slope of Mount Kenya, the Tharaka community, originating from the lowlands (750 m), moved up to the midlands (950 m) with their lowland-adapted resources, whereas the Mwimbi, originating from wetter upland (1100 m), moved down to the midlands with their highland-adapted genetic resources. A weather station was installed at 950 and 1100 m, and a logistic model was used to analyze the probability of sowing failure as a function of the length of dry spells after sowing. A total of 1691 plots in 40 surveyed farms were surveyed to compare the Mwimbi and Tharaka during 2 yr and four growing seasons, controlling crops and altitude. Although seed-sowing practices were similar in both communities, the relative risk of sowing failure was 3.3 times more for the Mwimbi than for the Tharaka during the Short Rains, and 1.5 times more during the Long Rains. This difference can be explained by within-community seed exchanges, as Tharaka seeds, originally from the lowlands, are adapted to drier conditions, whereas Mwimbi seeds are adapted to wetter conditions. The findings suggest an impact of historical and social factors on the mitigation of sowing failure risk. Thus, they must be considered as an integral part of the adaptation process to climate variability and change. |
format |
article |
topic_facet |
P40 - Météorologie et climatologie E50 - Sociologie rurale F08 - Systèmes et modes de culture agriculture changement climatique sociologie adaptation pratique culturale ensemencement adaptation aux changements climatiques http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_203 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1666 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7142 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_117 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2018 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7268 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1374567058134 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4086 |
author |
Mwongera, Caroline Njeri Boyard-Micheau, Joseph Baron, Christian Leclerc, Christian |
author_facet |
Mwongera, Caroline Njeri Boyard-Micheau, Joseph Baron, Christian Leclerc, Christian |
author_sort |
Mwongera, Caroline Njeri |
title |
Social process of adaptation to environmental changes: How eastern african societies intervene between crops and climate |
title_short |
Social process of adaptation to environmental changes: How eastern african societies intervene between crops and climate |
title_full |
Social process of adaptation to environmental changes: How eastern african societies intervene between crops and climate |
title_fullStr |
Social process of adaptation to environmental changes: How eastern african societies intervene between crops and climate |
title_full_unstemmed |
Social process of adaptation to environmental changes: How eastern african societies intervene between crops and climate |
title_sort |
social process of adaptation to environmental changes: how eastern african societies intervene between crops and climate |
url |
http://agritrop.cirad.fr/573937/ http://agritrop.cirad.fr/573937/1/document_573937.pdf |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT mwongeracarolinenjeri socialprocessofadaptationtoenvironmentalchangeshoweasternafricansocietiesintervenebetweencropsandclimate AT boyardmicheaujoseph socialprocessofadaptationtoenvironmentalchangeshoweasternafricansocietiesintervenebetweencropsandclimate AT baronchristian socialprocessofadaptationtoenvironmentalchangeshoweasternafricansocietiesintervenebetweencropsandclimate AT leclercchristian socialprocessofadaptationtoenvironmentalchangeshoweasternafricansocietiesintervenebetweencropsandclimate |
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1792498685418930176 |